"After his death great tribulation came to Italy…" Dynastic politics and aristocratic factions after the death of Louis II, c.870-c.890

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Cross-channel marriage and royal succession in the age of Charles the Simple and Athelstan (c. 916-936)

This article discusses the marriages of four Anglo-Saxon princesses to Continental kings and princes between the years 917 and 930. These are often interpreted as acts of diplomacy, sealing alliances across the Channel and indicating the dominant position of King Athelstan in early tenth-century Europe. I reinterpret the motivations of the princes by reading the marriages as acts of symbolic communication driven by the uncertainty over the West Frankish royal succession in the 920s and framed by a competition to access a version of Carolingian dynastic legitimacy. This in turn allows us to reflect on the decay of the Carolingian Empire after 888. Because Carolingian-ness was no longer a hegemonic political discourse, I argue that these events belong emphatically to a post-imperial political landscape.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

The Carolingian past in post-Carolingian Europe

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Who were the Lotharingians? Defining political community after the end of the Carolingian Empire

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'Waltharius' : treasure, revenge and kingship in the Ottonian wild west

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Royal adultery, biblical history and political conflict in Tenth Century Francia : the Lothar Crystal reconsidered

The Lothar Crystal, sometimes called the Susanna Crystal, is one of the most famous artworks produced in Western Europe during the early Middle Ages. Much study has been devoted to its manufacture and the symbolism of its artistic scheme, which depicts accusations of adultery against the wealthy woman Susanna as narrated in chapter 13 of the Book of Daniel from the Vulgate version of the Bible. A central inscription tells the viewer that the crystal was made on the instruction of a certain Lothar, king of the Franks. This king has long been identified as the Carolingian Lothar II (855-869), whose turbulent marriage and attempts at divorce caused a major political crisis during the 860s. In this article I re-examine the arguments for this attribution and suggest that it is worth considering an alternative context for the creation of the crystal: the reign of Lothar of West Francia (954-986). By reading it as a product of the later tenth century, I argue that the crystal may cast light on accusations of adultery made at that time against Queen Emma II, and on the struggle to control the important territory of Lotharingia in the crisis that followed the death of Emperor Otto II (973-983).PostprintPeer reviewe

Queenship, Nunneries and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe

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Positive allosteric modulators of the a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and plays a fundamental role in the control of motor function, cognition and mood. The physiological effects of glutamate are mediated through two functionally distinct receptor families. While activation of metabotropic (G-protein coupled) glutamate receptors results in modulation of neuronal excitability and transmission, the ionotropic glutamate receptors (ligand-gated ion channels) are responsible for mediating the fast synaptic response to extracellular glutamate

kw’i’kw’ushnuts ’i’ tthu thi thqet

Small Number is a young boy who gets into a lot of mischief. With his sister Perfect Number he visits their Grandma who lives in a small village on their Nation’s traditional territory

mɛnaθɛy hɛga t̓aχəmay

Small Number is a young boy who gets into a lot of mischief. With his sister Perfect Number he visits their Grandma who lives in a small village on their Nation’s traditional territory