663 research outputs found
Dobrushin states in the \phi^4_1 model
We consider the van der Waals free energy functional in a bounded interval
with inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions imposing the two stable phases
at the endpoints. We compute the asymptotic free energy cost, as the length of
the interval diverges, of shifting the interface from the midpoint. We then
discuss the effect of thermal fluctuations by analyzing the \phi^4_1-measure
with Dobrushin boundary conditions. In particular, we obtain a nontrivial limit
in a suitable scaling in which the length of the interval diverges and the
temperature vanishes. The limiting state is not translation invariant and
describes a localized interface. This result can be seen as the probabilistic
counterpart of the variational convergence of the associated excess free
energy.Comment: 34 page
Chiral d+is superconducting state in the two dimensional t-t' Hubbard model
Applying the recently developed variational approach to Kohn-Luttinger
superconductivity to the t-t' Hubbard model in two dimensions, we have found,
for sizeable next-nearest neighbor hopping, an electron density controlled
quantum phase transition between a d-wave superconducting state close to half
filling and an s-wave superconductor at lower electron density. The transition
occurs via an intermediate time reversal breaking d+is superconducting phase,
which is characterized by nonvanishing chirality and density-current
correlation. Our results suggest the possibility of a bulk time reversal
symmetry breaking state in overdoped cuprates
Theory of Magneto--Acoustic Transport in Modulated Quantum Hall Systems Near
Motivated by the experimental results of Willett et al [Phys.Rev. Lett., {\bf
78}, 4478 (1997)] we develop a magneto-transport theory for the response of a
two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the Fractional Quantum Hall Regime near
Landau level filling factor to the surface acoustic wave (SAW) in
the presence of an added periodic density modulation. We assume there exists a
Composite Fermion Fermi Surface (CF-FS) at , and we show that the
deformation of the (CF-FS) due to the density modulation can be at the origin
of the observed transport anomalies for the experimental conditions. Our
analysis is carried out particularly for the non-local case which corresponds
to the SAW experiments. We introduce a new model of a deformed CF-FS. The model
permits us to explain anomalous features of the response of the modulated 2DEG
to the SAW near namely the nonlinear wave vector dependence of the
electron conductivity, the appearance of peaks in the SAW velocity shift and
attenuation and the anisotropy of the effect, all of which originate from
contributions to the conductivity tensor due to the regions of the CF-FS which
are flattened by the applied modulation.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, the published versio
On non-local variational problems with lack of compactness related to non-linear optics
We give a simple proof of existence of solutions of the dispersion manage-
ment and diffraction management equations for zero average dispersion,
respectively diffraction. These solutions are found as maximizers of non-linear
and non-local vari- ational problems which are invariant under a large
non-compact group. Our proof of existence of maximizer is rather direct and
avoids the use of Lions' concentration compactness argument or Ekeland's
variational principle.Comment: 30 page
Self-similar Approximants of the Permeability in Heterogeneous Porous Media from Moment Equation Expansions
We use a mathematical technique, the self-similar functional renormalization,
to construct formulas for the average conductivity that apply for large
heterogeneity, based on perturbative expansions in powers of a small parameter,
usually the log-variance of the local conductivity. Using
perturbation expansions up to third order and fourth order in
obtained from the moment equation approach, we construct the general functional
dependence of the transport variables in the regime where is of
order 1 and larger than 1. Comparison with available numerical simulations give
encouraging results and show that the proposed method provides significant
improvements over available expansions.Comment: Latex, 14 pages + 5 ps figure
Abelian Magnetic Monopole Dominance in Quark Confinement
We prove Abelian magnetic monopole dominance in the string tension of QCD.
Abelian and monopole dominance in low energy physics of QCD has been confirmed
for various quantities by recent Monte Carlo simulations of lattice gauge
theory. In order to prove this dominance, we use the reformulation of continuum
Yang-Mills theory in the maximal Abelian gauge as a deformation of a
topological field theory of magnetic monopoles, which was proposed in the
previous article by the author. This reformulation provides an efficient way
for incorporating the magnetic monopole configuration as a topological
non-trivial configuration in the functional integral. We derive a version of
the non-Abelian Stokes theorem and use it to estimate the expectation value of
the Wilson loop. This clearly exhibits the role played by the magnetic monopole
as an origin of the Berry phase in the calculation of the Wilson loop in the
manifestly gauge invariant manner. We show that the string tension derived from
the diagonal (abelian) Wilson loop in the topological field theory (studied in
the previous article) converges to that of the full non-Abelian Wilson loop in
the limit of large Wilson loop. Therefore, within the above reformulation of
QCD, this result (together with the previous result) completes the proof of
quark confinement in QCD based on the criterion of the area law of the full
non-Abelian Wilson loop.Comment: 33 pages, Latex, no figures, version accepted for publication in
Phys. Rev. D (additions of sec. 4.5 and references, and minor changes
Interplay between edge states and simple bulk defects in graphene nanoribbons
We study the interplay between the edge states and a single impurity in a
zigzag graphene nanoribbon. We use tight-binding exact diagonalization
techniques, as well as density functional theory calculations to obtain the
eigenvalue spectrum, the eigenfunctions, as well the dependence of the local
density of states (LDOS) on energy and position. We note that roughly half of
the unperturbed eigenstates in the spectrum of the finite-size ribbon hybridize
with the impurity state, and the corresponding eigenvalues are shifted with
respect to their unperturbed values. The maximum shift and hybridization occur
for a state whose energy is inverse proportional to the impurity potential;
this energy is that of the impurity peak in the DOS spectrum. We find that the
interference between the impurity and the edge gives rise to peculiar
modifications of the LDOS of the nanoribbon, in particular to oscillations of
the edge LDOS. These effects depend on the size of the system, and decay with
the distance between the edge and the impurity.Comment: 10 pages, 15 figures, revtex
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