GC/MS Analysis of Some Bioactive Constituents from Carthamus lanatus L.

Sterols, triterpenes, volatiles, polar and other constituents in aerial parts of Carthamus lanatus were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Over 90 compounds were identified most of them new for the species. Sitosterol and stigmasterol were the most abundant of 10 sterols identified in the sterol fraction. Taraxasterol, α- and β-amyrine prevailed in the triterpene fraction. Volatiles, sterols and a fraction of the dichloromethane extract showed strong cytotoxicity (Artemia salina assay)

GC-MS studies of the chemical composition of two inedible mushrooms of the genus Agaricus

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mushrooms in the genus <it>Agaricus </it>have worldwide distribution and include the economically important species <it>A. bisporus</it>. Some <it>Agaricus </it>species are inedible, including <it>A. placomyces </it>and <it>A. pseudopratensis</it>, which are similar in appearance to certain edible species, yet are known to possess unpleasant odours and induce gastrointestinal problems if consumed. We have studied the chemical composition of these mushrooms using GC-MS.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our GC-MS studies on the volatile fractions and butanol extracts resulted in the identification of 44 and 34 compounds for <it>A. placomyces </it>and <it>A. pseudopratensis</it>, respectively, including fatty acids and their esters, amino acids, and sugar alcohols. The most abundant constituent in the volatiles and butanol were phenol and urea respectively. We also identified the presence of ergosterol and two Δ⁷-sterols. In addition, 5α,8α-Epidioxi-24(ξ)-methylcholesta-6,22-diene-3β-ol was isolated for the first time from both mushrooms. Our study is therefore the first report on the chemical composition of these two species.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results obtained contribute to the knowledge of the chemical composition of mushrooms belonging to the <it>Agaricus </it>genus, and provide some explanation for the reported mild toxicity of <it>A. placomyces </it>and <it>A. pseudopratensis</it>, a phenonomenon that can be explained by a high phenol content, similar to that found in other <it>Xanthodermatei </it>species.</p

Chemical composition and biological activities of the Black Sea algae Polysiphonia denudata (Dillw.) Kutz. and Polysiphonia denudata f. fragilis (Sperk) Woronich.

Abstract The two investigated algae had almost identical sterol composition, but there were signifi­cant differences in the com position of the polar components and especially in the composi­tion of the volatiles. P. denudata f. fragilis extracts possessed a stronger biological activity (antibacterial, antifungal and toxicity against Artemia salina). Despite the minute morpholog­ical differences between the two algae, we recommend P. denudata f. fragilis to be regarded as P. denudata subsp. fragilis

Original scientific paper

Seasonal variations in the leaf surface composition o

Composition of the lipophilic extract from the sponge Suberites domuncula

The composition of the lipophylic extract from the sponge Suberites domuncula was investigated. Lipids and their fatty acids, as well as volatile compounds and sterols were identified. Stanols are the main class of steroids in the investigated sponge. A high concentration of unsaturated long chain fatty acids (C26C28) was identified. The presence of branched and odd fatty acids indicates associated bacteria in the sponge

A comparative study on the sterol composition of some brown algae from the Black Sea

The sterol composition of the brown algae Stilophora rhizodes (Turner) J. Agardh, Punctaria latifolia Grev. and Punctaria plantaginea (Roth.) Grev. from the Black Sea was investigated. Fifteen sterols were identified in the sterol fractions. The main ones were cholesterol and 24-methylenecholesterol. Characteristic for brown algae, fucosterol was present in low concentrations. The results obtained were compared with recent data for the sterol composition of other Black Sea brown algae. Some conclusions concerning the evolutionary position of brown algae are made