Sunlight mediated enhanced removal of metoprolol using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a photocatalyst that has recently been given a lot of attention due to its effectiveness in wastewater and environmental treatment, solar energy utilization, biomedical applications, etc. In this study, g-C3N4 was synthesized and characterized to carry out the degradation of metoprolol tartrate salt (MET), which is classified as an emerging contaminant. MET is one of the most commonly used pharmaceuticals to treat patients with cardiovascular diseases and disorders, a common disease in Malaysia. Recent discoveries of MET in surface waters and drinking water raise awareness and concerns. g-C3N4 was synthesized using solid urea by placing it in a muffle furnace of 550°C for 3 hours. The photocatalytic activities of g-C3N4 were investigated by photodegradation of MET, g-C3N4 of different dosages were added into MET-containing solution, and a dark reaction was carried out for 24 hours for complete adsorption equilibrium. Various physical and chemical analyses were conducted to elucidate the properties of g-C3N4, such as FESEM, FTIR and UV-Vis. The absorbance and reflectance graphs of g-C3N4 show that there will be higher absorption in the visible light spectra. The results show that the optimum dosage to treat 10 ppm of MET is by using 0.3 g of g-C3N4. Under sunlight irradiation of 4 hours, the degradation of MET achieved 54.6% of removal. Hence, it proves that g-C3N4 nanosheet can be applied to remove complex pollutants such as MET under sunlight irradiation. This path is an alternative removal method for MET in a sustainable approach

CQDs embed g-C3N4 photocatalyst in dye removal and hydrogen evolution : An insight review

Recent research has highlighted heterogeneous photocatalysts as a feasible contender for addressing energy shortages and environmental cleanup. One of the best semiconducting photocatalysts used in wastewater treatment, disinfection, and energy evolution is graphitic carbon nitrate (g-C3N4). Researchers have used carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to maximize and enhance the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 and to get over the material's limits due to photoinduced charges, partial surface area, and insufficient light-capturing difficulties. In this context, the fundamentals of CQDs and g-C3N4 are described in length, along with their structural state, synthesis, and modification techniques. The classification, manufacturing procedure, and characterization of CQDs/g-C3N4 are then highlighted in this paper. Following that, it is shown how CQDs/g-C3N4 photocatalysts are used in dye removal and hydrogen evolution studies. The discussion of CQDs/g-C3N4's present hurdles, unmet needs, and future research prospects concludes while keeping in mind their practical applications. This study shows that by embedding CQDs, the influence of charges, morphological modification, and textural quality of g-C3N4 have been altered. It is anticipated that this review will offer a practical overview and comprehension of CQDs embedded with g-C3N4 photocatalysts in order to promote their utilization. The ultimate goal of this review may be to impart a fundamental understanding of photocatalysis while also providing an expository evaluation of the most recent advancements in g-C3N4/CQDs photocatalysts in the sectors of energy and environmental security