Prostorna perspektiva iskazivanja stereotipa prema Romima

Paper analyses the results of a study of stereotyping of Roma in Međimurje County from a spatial standpoint. Despite the expected differences, it was found that spatial proximity does not affect the level of stereotyping towards members of the Roma national minority. The majority of the population living in the same administrative settlements where the Roma settlements exist do not express stereotypes towards the Roma statistically significantly different from the respondents living beyond the Roma outside the radius of isolation 5 km from the nearest Roma settlement. No statistically significant differences were found in the analysis of the responses of respondents from different sub-regional units of Međimurje County. The possibility and frequency of spatial contact with Roma does not affect the level of stereotyping towards members of the Roma national minority.U radu se analiziraju rezultati istraživanja iskazivanja stereotipa prema Romima u Međimurskoj županiji s prostornog stajališta. Unatoč očekivanim razlikama utvrđeno je da prostorna blizina ne utječe na razinu iskazivanja stereotipa prema pripadnicima romske nacionalne manjine. Većinsko stanovništvo koje živi u istim administrativnim naseljima u kojima egzistiraju i romska naselja ne iskazuju stereotipe prema Romima statistički značajno različito od ispitanika koji žive dalje od Roma izvan radijusa izolinije od 5 km od najbližeg romskog naselja. Statistički značajne razlike nisu utvrđene niti u analizi odgovora ispitanika različitih subregionalnih cjelina Međimurske županije. Mogućnost i učestalost prostornog kontakta s Romima ne utječe na razinu iskazivanja stereotipa prema pripadnicima romske nacionalne manjine

Evaluation of quality of housing in Zadar

Predmet istraživanja disertacije je kvaliteta stanovanja koja se ispitivala subjektivnim i objektivnim mjerama formiranim u indikatore. Na temelju urbanih i stambenih indikatora utvrđen je indeks kvalitete stanovanja po statističkim krugovima grada Zadra, a iz dobivenih rezultata formirane su zone kvalitete stanovanja što je ujedno bio i glavni cilj disertacije. Teorijski dio rada počinje epistemiološkom raspravom o definiranju pojma kvalitete stanovanja, njenim modelima, funkcijama i primjeni. Kroz konceptualni okvir predstavljeni su sustavi indikatora u urbanom okruženju, u koje se pokušao uklopiti i Zadar. Prikazani su i objašnjeni rezultati istraživanja na makro razini uz pomoć objektivnih mjera, kao i objektivni aspekti kvalitete stanovanja. Subjektivne mjere primijenjene su na mikro razini gdje su anketnim istraživanjem prikupljene individualne procjene i evaluacije kvalitete stanovanja po statističkim krugovima. Grupiranjem subjektivnih i objektivnih varijabli u urbane i stambene indikatore koncipiran je model kvalitete stanovanja, a na temelju njega izračunat je indeks kvalitete stanovanja Zadra. Prema vrijednostima indeksa formirane su tri zone; zona niske, srednje i visoke kvalitete stanovanja u Zadru.The research topic of this dissertation was the quality of housing, which was analysed by subjective and objective measures formed into indicators. Based on urban and residential indicators, index of the quality of housing was defined, according to statistical areas of the city of Zadar. Based on the obtained results, zones of different quality of housing were formed, which was the main aim of the dissertation. The theoretical part of the research starts with an epistemological discussion about the definition of the notion of housing, its models, functions and application. Using conceptual framework, systems of indicators within an urban environment were presented, in which the city of Zadar was included as well. The paper represents and explains the results of the research on the macro level by means of objective measures, as well as objective aspects of the quality of housing. Subjective measures were applied on the micro level, by means of field survey, which collected individual assessments and evaluations of variables of the quality of housing according to various statistical areas. By grouping subjective and objective variables into urban and residential indicators, a model of quality of housing was conceptualized, and an index of quality of housing in Zadar was calculated on the model’s basis. According to the index values, three zones were formed; low, medium and high housing quality zone

Evaluation of quality of housing in Zadar

Predmet istraživanja disertacije je kvaliteta stanovanja koja se ispitivala subjektivnim i objektivnim mjerama formiranim u indikatore. Na temelju urbanih i stambenih indikatora utvrđen je indeks kvalitete stanovanja po statističkim krugovima grada Zadra, a iz dobivenih rezultata formirane su zone kvalitete stanovanja što je ujedno bio i glavni cilj disertacije. Teorijski dio rada počinje epistemiološkom raspravom o definiranju pojma kvalitete stanovanja, njenim modelima, funkcijama i primjeni. Kroz konceptualni okvir predstavljeni su sustavi indikatora u urbanom okruženju, u koje se pokušao uklopiti i Zadar. Prikazani su i objašnjeni rezultati istraživanja na makro razini uz pomoć objektivnih mjera, kao i objektivni aspekti kvalitete stanovanja. Subjektivne mjere primijenjene su na mikro razini gdje su anketnim istraživanjem prikupljene individualne procjene i evaluacije kvalitete stanovanja po statističkim krugovima. Grupiranjem subjektivnih i objektivnih varijabli u urbane i stambene indikatore koncipiran je model kvalitete stanovanja, a na temelju njega izračunat je indeks kvalitete stanovanja Zadra. Prema vrijednostima indeksa formirane su tri zone; zona niske, srednje i visoke kvalitete stanovanja u Zadru.The research topic of this dissertation was the quality of housing, which was analysed by subjective and objective measures formed into indicators. Based on urban and residential indicators, index of the quality of housing was defined, according to statistical areas of the city of Zadar. Based on the obtained results, zones of different quality of housing were formed, which was the main aim of the dissertation. The theoretical part of the research starts with an epistemological discussion about the definition of the notion of housing, its models, functions and application. Using conceptual framework, systems of indicators within an urban environment were presented, in which the city of Zadar was included as well. The paper represents and explains the results of the research on the macro level by means of objective measures, as well as objective aspects of the quality of housing. Subjective measures were applied on the micro level, by means of field survey, which collected individual assessments and evaluations of variables of the quality of housing according to various statistical areas. By grouping subjective and objective variables into urban and residential indicators, a model of quality of housing was conceptualized, and an index of quality of housing in Zadar was calculated on the model’s basis. According to the index values, three zones were formed; low, medium and high housing quality zone

Prostorna perspektiva iskazivanja stereotipa prema Romima

Paper analyses the results of a study of stereotyping of Roma in Međimurje County from a spatial standpoint. Despite the expected differences, it was found that spatial proximity does not affect the level of stereotyping towards members of the Roma national minority. The majority of the population living in the same administrative settlements where the Roma settlements exist do not express stereotypes towards the Roma statistically significantly different from the respondents living beyond the Roma outside the radius of isolation 5 km from the nearest Roma settlement. No statistically significant differences were found in the analysis of the responses of respondents from different sub-regional units of Međimurje County. The possibility and frequency of spatial contact with Roma does not affect the level of stereotyping towards members of the Roma national minority.U radu se analiziraju rezultati istraživanja iskazivanja stereotipa prema Romima u Međimurskoj županiji s prostornog stajališta. Unatoč očekivanim razlikama utvrđeno je da prostorna blizina ne utječe na razinu iskazivanja stereotipa prema pripadnicima romske nacionalne manjine. Većinsko stanovništvo koje živi u istim administrativnim naseljima u kojima egzistiraju i romska naselja ne iskazuju stereotipe prema Romima statistički značajno različito od ispitanika koji žive dalje od Roma izvan radijusa izolinije od 5 km od najbližeg romskog naselja. Statistički značajne razlike nisu utvrđene niti u analizi odgovora ispitanika različitih subregionalnih cjelina Međimurske županije. Mogućnost i učestalost prostornog kontakta s Romima ne utječe na razinu iskazivanja stereotipa prema pripadnicima romske nacionalne manjine

Analiza dostupnosti urbanih zelenih površina u naselju Zadar, Hrvatska

Accessibility of urban green spaces (UGS) is an integral element of satisfying quality of life. Due to rapid urbanization, the studies about UGS are becoming one of the key elements of urban planning. Functional network transport system and optimal spatial distribution of UGS are preconditions for maintaining the environmental balance of the urban landscape. Accessibility analysis of UGS in the settlement of Zadar was conducted as a part of the Urban Green Belts Project (UGB). Development of spatial database was the first step in generating UGS accessibility indicator. Data were collected using the supervised classification method of multispectral LANDSAT images and manual vectorization of high-resolution digital orthophoto (DOP). An analysis of UGS accessibility according to Accessible Natural Greenspace Standard (ANGst) was conducted. Accessibility indicator was generated based on seven objective measures which include the UGS per capita and accessibility of six UGS functional levels. The UGS accessibility indicator was compared with subjective measures that have been obtained by field survey of 718 respondents within 41 statistical units. The collected data reflected an individual assessment and subjective evaluation of UGS accessibility. This study illustrated the importance of using objective and subjective measures in the process of understanding UGS accessibility. It may be concluded that while evaluating accessibility, the residents emphasize the immediate residential environment, neglecting the UGS of higher functional levels. Furthermore, that large amounts of UGS within a city (114 m² per capita) do not necessarily generate a similar satisfaction with their accessibility. The output results may serve as guidelines for the further development of the functional UGS city network.Dostupnost urbanih zelenih površina (UZP) sastavni je element zadovoljavajuće kvalitete života. Zbog nagle urbanizacije proučavanje zelenih površina postaje jedan od ključnih elemenata urbanističkog planiranja. Funkcionalna mreža prometnog sustava i optimalan prostorni raspored UZP-a preduvjeti su za održavanje ekološke ravnoteže urbanog krajolika. Analiza dostupnosti UZP-a u naselju Zadar izvršena je u sklopu projekta Urban Green Belts Project (UGB). Analizi je prethodila izrada prostorno-orijentirane baze UZP-a. Podaci su prikupljeni metodom nadzirane klasifikacije multispektralnih LANDSAT snimaka i metodom ručne vektorizacije DOF snimaka. U prvoj fazi istraživanja izvršena je analiza dostupnosti UZP-a prema ANG standardu. Indikator dostupnosti generiran je na temelju sedam objektivnih mjera koji uključuju površinu UZP-a po stanovniku te dostupnost šest funkcionalnih razina UZP-a. Izvedeni indikator dostupnosti uspoređen je sa subjektivnim mjerama koje su izvedene anketnim ispitivanjem 718 ispitanika unutar 41 statističkog kruga. Prikupljeni podaci reflektiraju individualnu procjenu te zadovoljstvo dostupnošću UZP-om. Ovo istraživanje istaknulo je važnost korištenja objektivnih i subjektivnih mjera u procesu razumijevanja dostupnosti UZP-a. Rezultati su pokazali da prilikom vrednovanja dostupnosti stanovnici naglasak stavljaju na uže stambeno okruženje, zanemarujući time više funkcionalne razine UZP-a. Nadalje, velike količine UZP-a unutar grada (114 m² po stanovniku) ne moraju generirati slično zadovoljstvo njihovom dostupnošću. Izlazni rezultati mogu služiti kao smjernice za daljnji razvoj grada u kontekstu planiranja funkcionalne mreže UZP-a

Evaluation of quality of housing in Zadar

Predmet istraživanja disertacije je kvaliteta stanovanja koja se ispitivala subjektivnim i objektivnim mjerama formiranim u indikatore. Na temelju urbanih i stambenih indikatora utvrđen je indeks kvalitete stanovanja po statističkim krugovima grada Zadra, a iz dobivenih rezultata formirane su zone kvalitete stanovanja što je ujedno bio i glavni cilj disertacije. Teorijski dio rada počinje epistemiološkom raspravom o definiranju pojma kvalitete stanovanja, njenim modelima, funkcijama i primjeni. Kroz konceptualni okvir predstavljeni su sustavi indikatora u urbanom okruženju, u koje se pokušao uklopiti i Zadar. Prikazani su i objašnjeni rezultati istraživanja na makro razini uz pomoć objektivnih mjera, kao i objektivni aspekti kvalitete stanovanja. Subjektivne mjere primijenjene su na mikro razini gdje su anketnim istraživanjem prikupljene individualne procjene i evaluacije kvalitete stanovanja po statističkim krugovima. Grupiranjem subjektivnih i objektivnih varijabli u urbane i stambene indikatore koncipiran je model kvalitete stanovanja, a na temelju njega izračunat je indeks kvalitete stanovanja Zadra. Prema vrijednostima indeksa formirane su tri zone; zona niske, srednje i visoke kvalitete stanovanja u Zadru.The research topic of this dissertation was the quality of housing, which was analysed by subjective and objective measures formed into indicators. Based on urban and residential indicators, index of the quality of housing was defined, according to statistical areas of the city of Zadar. Based on the obtained results, zones of different quality of housing were formed, which was the main aim of the dissertation. The theoretical part of the research starts with an epistemological discussion about the definition of the notion of housing, its models, functions and application. Using conceptual framework, systems of indicators within an urban environment were presented, in which the city of Zadar was included as well. The paper represents and explains the results of the research on the macro level by means of objective measures, as well as objective aspects of the quality of housing. Subjective measures were applied on the micro level, by means of field survey, which collected individual assessments and evaluations of variables of the quality of housing according to various statistical areas. By grouping subjective and objective variables into urban and residential indicators, a model of quality of housing was conceptualized, and an index of quality of housing in Zadar was calculated on the model’s basis. According to the index values, three zones were formed; low, medium and high housing quality zone

The accuracy of deterministic models of interpolation in the process of generating a digital terrain model - the example of the Vrana Lake Nature Park

Cilj istraživanja je, usporedbom 7 determinističkih metoda interpolacije, odabrati najprikladnije interpolatore za potrebe geomorfoloških istraživanja. Za izradu modela i usporedbu metoda interpolacije korišten je skup visinskih podataka prikupljenih aerofotogrametrijskom izmjerom i stereorestitucijskom obradom. Točnost metoda interpolacije ispitana je analizom 8 statističkih parametara koji su dobiveni metodama unakrsnog vrednovanja, podijeljenih uzoraka i ponovno uzorkovanje (jackknifing). Osim analize parametara, interpolacijske metode su uspoređene i vizualno, kroz grafički prikaz podataka (dvodimenzionalno i trodimenzionalno) na osnovi vjerodostojnih grafičkih prikaza skupa podataka. Ispitan je utjecaj eksponenta udaljenosti, broja susjeda, udaljenosti i sektora na izlazne rezultate. Utvrđeno je da je multikvadratna radijalna osnovna funkcija (MK-ROF) po svim parametrima najbolja deterministička metoda interpolacije.The aim of this research is to choose the most appropriate interpolators for the purpose of geomorphologic research, by comparing 7 deterministic methods. For the purpose of developing a model and comparing interpolators, the research used a set of elevation data gathered by aero-photogrammetry and stereo-restitution. The accuracy of interpolation methods was tested by analysing 8 statistic parameters, which were obtained by methods of cross-validation, split sampling and jackknifing. Apart from analysing the parameters, the research also compared the interpolation methods by visual means, through graphic representation of data (two-dimensional and three-dimensional) on the basis of credible graphic representations of sets of data. The research also tested the effect of power, number of neighbours, distance and sectors on the quality of output data. The multiquadratic radial basis function (MQ-RBF) proved to be the best deterministic method of interpolation by all the relevant parameters

Conditions and development tendencies of touristic offer in Kupres municipality (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Informacije o turizmu temeljni su pokazatelj stanja na turističkom tržištu. O njima ovisi u kojem će se smjeru razvijati određeno turističko odredište, kako će biti razmješteni turistički resursi te ima li mogućnosti uvođenja promjena u turističku ponudu. Jaka konkurencija i sve zahtjevniji posjetitelji tjeraju odgovorne subjekte na stalno planiranje i koordinaciju. Pod turističkim planiranjem misli se na integralno i strateško planiranje koje obuhvaća analizu odredišta, definiranje ciljeva, donošenje strategije i programa, planiranje namjene prostora, organizaciju tržišta, definiranje željenih gospodarskih učinaka turizma te suradnju svih nositelja turističke ponude. Uspješnost takvog planiranja očituje se turističkim indikatorima koji služe kao okvir za procjenu postojećeg stanja i formiranje upravljačkih smjernica. Jedan od najrelevantnijih pokazatelja stanja je mišljenje turista koji ocjenjuju prednosti i nedostatke turističke ponude kraja u koji dolaze te domicilnog stanovništva koje sudjeluje u stvaranju ponude. Rezultati ovog rada temelje se na provedenoj anketi čiji su ispitanici bili posjetitelji športsko-rekreacijskih centara "Čajuša" i "Stožer" te stanovnici općine Kupres. Utvrđena su strukturalna obilježja ispitanika i vrijednosti aktualnih stavova o turističkoj ponudi. Uočene razlike u odgovorima hrvatskih i domaćih posjetitelja, upućuju na tradiciju posjećivanja sličnih europskih destinacija. Povećanje broja turista od 50% ostvareno je zadnjih godina zahvaljujući umjetnom zasnježavanju skijaških terena, ali i boljoj turističkoj ponudi (škole skijanja, ski-liftovi, ski-vrtić, tereni za sanjkanje, snowboardi, tradicionalna hrana itd.). Iako predratni kapaciteti još uvijek čekaju obnovu, inozemne investicije naglo restrukturiraju turističku ponudu te pozitivno utječu na gospodarstvo. Primjena GIS tehnologije omogućila je jednostavnu analizu i pospremanje podataka na osnovi kojih je izrađen kartografski prikaz. Time je osigurana preciznost u predstavljanju podataka, a svakom privlačnom turističkom čimbeniku pridodani su atributni podatci u bazi podataka. Takvo planiranje jamči odgovornije i učinkovitije upravljanje resursima turističkog odredišta i ključno je za ukupan gospodarski razvoj kraja.Data on tourism represent a basic indicator of the tourist market situation. The very course of the development of a tourist destination, the distribution of tourist resources, as well as the possibility of implementing changes in the tourist offer, all depend upon this data. Strong competition and the increasingly demanding visitors cause the responsible authorities to conduct constant planning and coordination. The term "tourist planning" implies an integral and strategic planning which includes: destination analysis, defining goals, adoption of strategies and programs, planning of land usage, organization of market, defining the desirable economic effect of tourism, and the cooperation of all subjects in the tourist offer. The efficacy of such planning reflects in the tourism indicators which serve as a framework for the assessment of an existing situation and the forming of management guidelines. One of the most relevant indicators of conditions is the opinion of tourists who rate the advantages and the shortcomings of tourist offer in the area which they visit, as well as the opinion of the indigenous population which participates in the creation of the tourist offer. The results of this paper are based upon the conducted survey among the visitors of sport-recreational centres Čajuša and Stožer, and the indigenous population of Kupres municipality. The structural characteristics of the examinees and the values of the actual opinions on the tourist offer have been determined. The perceived discrepancies in the answers from Croatian and domestic visitors indicate a tradition of visiting similar European destinations. The increase in number of tourists by 50% has been achieved in the last several years, primarily thanks to the snowmaking on the ski slopes, but also due to an improved tourist offer (ski courses, ski-lifts, ski kindergarten, snowboard slopes, traditional food, etc.). Although the pre-war tourist capacities still wait for a renewal, the foreign investments rapidly restructure the tourist offer and have a positive impact on the economy. The use of GIS technology has allowed a simple analysis and data storage, making it possible to create a cartographic visualization. Thus, an accuracy in data presentation has been ensured, and each of the attractive factors in tourism has been associated with attribute data in the database. This type of planning guarantees a more responsible and efficient management of resources of a tourist destination and is crucial for the overall economic development of an area

Morphogenesis of karst poljes on Vis Island, Croatia

Karst poljes are the most characteristic feature of Dinaric karst area. The number of poljes identified on the island of Vis (Croatia) differs according to the various authors who have studied the island. Considering the various existing definitions of polje in previous studies, in this paper we propose a set of criteria for identifying poljes in karst terrain using Geographic Information System. This enabled the identification of six poljes on the Vis Island, whose formation is predetermined by tectonic structures. Moreover, processes are frequently inferred by neotectonic (both uplift and subsidence) according to the analysis of longitudinal and transverse profiles gradients affecting balance of these morphologies. Since they are not hydrologically active in present hydrological conditions, poljes on Vis Island can be considered to be paleo - overflow or structural poljes