Caracterização de vírus gastroentéricos em crianças com doença diarreica e coinfectadas ou não pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV-1) hospitalizadas no Rio de Janeiro

Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-30T16:39:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) silvana_portes_ioc_dout_2017.pdf: 8610199 bytes, checksum: 0cccd6bb223121b0a0613dee1f34758f (MD5)Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Os vírus gastrentéricos são associados à casos esporádicos e surtos de doença diarreica (DD). A DD é uma complicação frequente em crianças imunocompetentes e imunocomprometidas. O objetivo principal deste estudo, foi avaliar a frequência de detecção dos vírus gastroentéricos (rotavírus [RVA], norovírus [NoV], astrovírus [HAstV] e adenovírus [HAdV]) ou emergentes (bocavírus [HBoV] e aichivírus [AiV-1]), em crianças hospitalizadas com DD, infectadas ou não infectadas pelo HIV-1, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Neste contexto, as taxas de detecção destes vírus nessas crianças, foram descritas e comparadas e, a infecção recorrente de HAdV em crianças soropositivas para HIV-1, foi avaliada. Além disso, foi possível investigar a etiologia viral de um surto de DD ocorrido no Rio de Janeiro, em 2013. O RVA foi detectado por ensaio imunoenzimático (EIE) e por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA), sendo caracterizado por semi-nested multiplex RT-PCR. Os NoV, HAdV,HAstV, HBoV e AiV-1 foram detectados e caracterizados através da PCR ou RT-PCR e sequenciamento. A carga viral dos RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV e HBoV foram determinadas nas fezes das crianças estudadas. Nossos resultados, mostraram que o AiV-1, NoV, HBoV e HAdV foram significativamente mais frequentes entre as crianças HIV-1 soropositivas, enquanto RVA e HAstV foram significativamente menos frequentes entre essas crianças. A circulação do AiV-1 genótipos A e B foi demonstrada nas crianças estudadas. Foram observadas coinfecções nas crianças estudadas, sendo mais frequentes nas crianças com AIDS A mediana da carga viral de HAstV nas fezes das crianças estudadas, foi significativamente maior entre as crianças HIV-1 positivas em comparação com crianças HIV-1 negativas, enquanto que para RVA, NoV, HBoV e HAdV, não hove significância nas medianas das cargas virais nas fezes destas crianças. NoV e o HBoV foram significativamente mais frequentes entre crianças com contagem de linfócitos TCD4+<200 células/mm3. Os dados apontam o NoV, AiV-1 e HAdV como patógenos oportunistas, infectando crianças com AIDS e DD. A diversidade genética foi demonstrada, sendo possível apresentar as variantes circulantes para os vírus estudados. A infecção recorrente por HAdV foi detectada entre as crianças HIV-1 soropositivas, com HAdV-F40, -F41 e D associados a diarreia crônica e persistente. O HAdV foi o único vírus detectado no surto de 2013, no Rio de Janeiro, sendo o HAdV-A12 associado ao surto. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo, monstram que os vírus gastroentéricos e emergentes devem ser considerados como causas importantes de DD em crianças HIV-1 soropositivas. Além disso, este estudo enfatiza a importância de investigar os vírus gastroentéricos e emergentes em casos de DD, especialmente em surtos, visando a vigilância desses vírus em DD em países onde a vacinação com RVA é rotineiramente realizada.Gastroenteric viruses are associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrheal disease (DD). DD is a frequent complication in immunocompetent and immunocompromised children. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of detection of gastroenteric (rotavirus [RVA], norovirus [NoV], astrovirus [HAstV] and adenovirus [HAdV]) or emergent (bocavirus [HBoV] and aichivirus [AiV-1]) viruses in children hospitalized with DD, infected or not infected by HIV-1, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. In this context, detection rates of these viruses in these children were described and compared, and recurrent HAdV infection in children HIV-1 seropositive was evaluated. In addition, it was possible to investigate the viral etiology of a DD outbreak occurred in Rio de Janeiro in 2013. The RVA was detected by immunoenzymatic assay (EIE) and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), characterized by semi-nested multiplex RT-PCR. NoV, HAdV, HAstV, HBoV and AiV-1 were detected and characterized by PCR or RT-PCR and sequencing. The viral load of RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV and HBoV were determined in the feces of the studied children. Our results showed that AiV-1, NoV, HBoV and HAdV were significantly more frequent among children HIV-1 seropositive, whereas RVA and HAstV were significantly less frequent among these children. The circulation of the AiV-1 genotypes A and B was demonstrated in the studied children. Coinfections were observed in the studied children, being more frequent in children with AIDS The median HAstV viral load in the feces of the children studied was significantly higher among children HIV-1 seropositive compared to children HIV-1 seronegative, while for RVA, NoV, HBoV and HAdV, there is no significance in the medians of the viral loads in the feces of these children. NoV and HBoV were significantly more frequent among children with TCD4 + cells <200 cells / mm3. The data point to the NoV, AiV-1 and HAdV as opportunistic pathogen infecting children with AIDS and DD. The genetic diversity was demonstrated, being possible to present the circulating variants for the virus studied. Recurrent HAdV infection was detected among children HIV-1 seropositive with HAdV-F40, -F41 and D associated with chronic and persistent diarrhea. HAdV was the only virus detected in the 2013 outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, with HAdV-A12 associated with the outbreak. The results obtained in this study, show that the gastroenteric and emergent viruses should be considered as important causes of DD in children HIV-1 seropositive. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of investigating the gastroenteric and emergent viruses in cases of DD, especially in outbreaks, aiming the surveillance of these viruses in DD in countries where vaccination with RVA is routinely performed

Respiratory syncytial virus infections during an epidemic period in Salvador, Brazil. Viral antigenic group analysis and description of clinical and epidemiological aspects.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2012-03-27T21:13:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura FE Respiratory syncytial virus....pdf: 541227 bytes, checksum: c94434b568a112eaaf6798cafe97ae38 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-27T21:13:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura FE Respiratory syncytial virus....pdf: 541227 bytes, checksum: c94434b568a112eaaf6798cafe97ae38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Acute respiratory infections (ARI) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were studied in 482 children from Salvador, BA, Brazil, over a period of 12 months. The epidemic period of RSV infections in Salvador occurred from February (summer) to August (winter), with peaks in May, June, and July. The grouping characteristics of 84 RSV present in nasopharyngeal secretions of children seen at a reference university hospital were analyzed. RSV represented 17.4% of all cases and 54.5% of the positive samples. Sixty-four RSV strains were assigned to group A and 14 to group B. Both groups circulated in the five months of the epidemic period studied. Infections by both groups of RSV were more frequent in children up to one year of age. The incidence of RSV ARI was slightly more frequent in males, although group B had more infected females

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections during an Epidemic Period in Salvador, Brazil. Viral Antigenic Group Analysis and Description of Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were studied in 482 children from Salvador, BA, Brazil, over a period of 12 months. The epidemic period of RSV infections in Salvador occurred from February (summer) to August (winter), with peaks in May, June, and July. The grouping characteristics of 84 RSV present in nasopharyngeal secretions of children seen at a reference university hospital were analyzed. RSV represented 17.4% of all cases and 54.5% of the positive samples. Sixty-four RSV strains were assigned to group A and 14 to group B. Both groups circulated in the five months of the epidemic period studied. Infections by both groups of RSV were more frequent in children up to one year of age. The incidence of RSV ARI was slightly more frequent in males, although group B had more infected females

Antigenic and genomic characterization of adenovirus associated to respiratory infections in children living in Northeast Brazil

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2013-01-29T21:14:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura, fernanda E.A. and antigenic and genomic.....pdf: 356152 bytes, checksum: 802efa3f9e2741536f6a4d76fa08b140 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-29T21:14:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura, fernanda E.A. and antigenic and genomic.....pdf: 356152 bytes, checksum: 802efa3f9e2741536f6a4d76fa08b140 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007Universidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal. Laboratório de Virologia. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal. Laboratório de Virologia. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFrom January to December 1998, nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 482 children with acute respiratory infections attended in emergence department and wards of a teaching hospital in the city of Salvador, Brazil. The samples were tested for the presence of adenovirus by isolation in tissue culture and indirect immunofluorescence assay. Eleven adenoviruses were detected by both methods in the same clinical samples. Infections by adenovirus were observed during seven months of the year without association with rainy season. Genome analysis was performed on these 11 isolates. Species C was represented by serotypes 1, 2 and 5. Within species B, only serotype 7 (Ad7) was detected. Two genomic variants of Ad1, two variants of Ad2, one of Ad5, and one of Ad7 (7h) were identified. This is the first study of molecular epidemiology of adenovirus associated to acute respiratory infections in children living in Northeast Brazil, and contributes to a better understanding of adenovirus infections in the country

Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections among children at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/FIOCRUZ/RJ

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-05-17T13:24:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 silvana_portes_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 180230 bytes, checksum: 6e039d40c0c5a7df33cccf5f3cb26bbd (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-05-17T13:33:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvana_portes_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 180230 bytes, checksum: 6e039d40c0c5a7df33cccf5f3cb26bbd (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-17T13:33:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvana_portes_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 180230 bytes, checksum: 6e039d40c0c5a7df33cccf5f3cb26bbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Introdução: As infecções respiratórias agudas (IRAs) constituem importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade em crianças nos países em desenvolvimento. A etiologia viral dessas infecções nem sempre é conhecida no Brasil, e estudos sobre as IRAs virais em crianças com doenças de base (DBs) são escassos. Objetivo: Determinar a etiologia viral dessas infecções em menores de 5 anos assistidos no Instituto Fernandes Figueira da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro. Método: Foram analisadas 285 amostras de aspirado de nasofaringe, obtidas de 204 crianças com IRA, de maio de 2005 a junho de 2006. Resultados: Por meio da imunofluorescência indireta (IFI), 90 amostras (31,6%) foram positivas: 21,4% vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR); 3,5% adenovírus (Ad); 3,1% parainfluenza (PF) 3; 2,5% influenza (Flu) A; 0,7% PF 1; 0,4% Flu B. Das 195 negativas, 156 foram testadas para metapneumovírus humano (MPVh), com 15 positivas (9,6 % das amostras testadas). Conclusão: A prevalência viral nos serviços de ambulatórios foi de 42,8% e nos hospitalizados foi de 30%. Das crianças, 83,3% possuíam uma ou mais DBs associadas às IRAs, resultando em longos períodos de internação. Algumas delas tiveram múltiplas internações e múltiplos diagnósticos clínicos de IRA no período estudado.Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. The viral etiology of such infections is not always known in Brazil. Furthermore, studies on viral ARIs in children with underlying diseases (UD) are scanty. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the viral etiology of these infections among children under 5 years of age treated at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro. Method: Two hundred and eighty-five samples of nasopharyngeal aspirate, which had been obtained from 204 children with ARI from May/2005 to June/2006, were analyzed. Results: Samples were tested through indirect immunofluorescence assay and 90 of them (31.6%) were positive for the following viral agents: respiratory syncytial virus (21.4%), adenovirus (3.5%), parainfluenza 3 (3.1%), influenza A (2.5%), parainfluenza 1 (0.7%), and influenza B (0.4%). One hundred and ninety-five samples were negative, from which 156 were tested for human metapneumovirus, and 15 of them (9.6%) were positive. Conclusion: The viral prevalence among outpatients was 42.8% and among inpatients it was 30%; 83.3% of the children were carriers of one or more UD associated with ARI, resulting in long-term admission to hospital. Some children had multiple admissions and multiple clinical diagnoses of ARI during the studied period

The role of human adenoviruses type 41 in acute diarrheal disease in Minas Gerais after rotavirus vaccination

Abstract Human adenovirus species F (HAdV-F) type 40 and 41 are commonly associated with acute diarrheal disease (ADD) across the world. Despite being the largest state in southeastern Brazil and having the second largest number of inhabitants, there is no information in the State of Minas Gerais regarding the role of HAdV-F in the etiology of ADD. This study was performed to determine the prevalence, to verify the epidemiological aspects of infection, and to characterize the strains of human adenoviruses (HAdV) detected. A total of 377 diarrheal fecal samples were obtained between January 2007 and August 2011 from inpatient and outpatient children of age ranging from 0 to 12 years. All samples were previously tested for rotavirus, norovirus, and astrovirus, and 314 of 377 were negative. The viral DNA was extracted, amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and the HAdV-positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test (p < 0.05), considering two conditions: the total of samples tested (377) and the total of negative samples for the remaining viruses tested (314). The overall prevalence of HAdV was 12.47% (47/377); and in 76.60% (36/47) of the positive samples, this virus was the only infectious agent detected. The phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of 32 positive samples revealed that they all clustered with the HAdV-F type 41. The statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between the onset of the HAdV infection and the origin of the samples (inpatients or outpatients) in the two conditions tested: the total of samples tested (p = 0.598) and the total of negative samples for the remaining viruses tested (p = 0.614). There was a significant association in the occurrence of infection in children aged 0&#8211;12 months for the condition 1 (p = 0.030) as well as condition 2 (p = 0.019). The occurrence of infections due to HAdV did not coincide with a pattern of seasonal distribution. These data indicate the significant involvement of HAdV-F type 41 in the etiology of ADD in Minas Gerais, which demonstrates the importance of other viral agents in the development of the disease after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine immunization

A non-enteric adenovirus A12 gastroenteritis outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A gastroenteritis outbreak that occurred in 2013 in a low-income community in Rio de Janeiro was investigated for the presence of enteric viruses, including species A rotavirus (RVA), norovirus (NoV), astrovirus (HAstV), bocavirus (HBoV), aichivirus (AiV), and adenovirus (HAdV). Five of nine stool samples (83%) from patients were positive for HAdV, and no other enteric viruses were detected. Polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis, which revealed four strains and one strain of non-enteric HAdV-A12 and HAdV-F41, respectively. The HAdV-A12 nucleotide sequences shared 100% nucleotide similarity. Viral load was assessed using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay. Stool samples that were positive for HAdV-A12 had high viral loads (mean 1.9 X 107 DNA copies/g stool). All four patients with HAdV-A12 were < 25 months of age and had symptoms of fever and diarrhoea. Evaluation of enteric virus outbreaks allows the characterisation of novel or unique diarrhoea-associated viruses in regions where RVA vaccination is routinely performed

Enteric viruses in HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children with diarrheal diseases in Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-02-12T15:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-02-12T15:34:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-12T15:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escritório regionao Piauí. Teresina, PI, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital Municipal Jesus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Diarrheal diseases (DD) have distinct etiological profiles in immune-deficient and immunecompetent patients. This study compares detection rates, genotype distribution and viral loads of different enteric viral agents in HIV-1 seropositive (n = 200) and HIV-1 seronegative (n = 125) children hospitalized with DD in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Except for group A rotavirus (RVA), which were detected through enzyme immunoassay, the other enteric viruses (norovirus [NoV], astrovirus [HAstV], adenovirus [HAdV] and bocavirus [HBoV]) were detected through PCR or RT-PCR. A quantitative PCR was performed for RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV and HBoV. Infections with NoV (19% vs. 9.6%; p<0.001), HBoV (14% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.042) and HAdV (30.5% vs. 14.4%; p<0.001) were significantly more frequent among HIV-1 seropositive children. RVA was significantly less frequent among HIV-1 seropositive patients (6.5% vs. 20%; p<0.001). Similarly, frequency of infection with HAstV was lower among HIV-1 seropositive children (5.5% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.018). Among HIV-1 seropositive children 33 (16.5%) had co-infections, including three enteric viruses, such as NoV, HBoV and HAdV (n = 2) and NoV, HAstV and HAdV (n = 2). The frequency of infection with more than one virus was 17 (13.6%) in the HIV-1 negative group, triple infection (NoV + HAstV + HBoV) being observed in only one patient. The median viral load of HAstV in feces was significantly higher among HIV-1 positive children compared to HIV-1 negative children. Concerning children infected with RVA, NoV, HBoV and HAdV, no statistically significant differences were observed in the medians of viral loads in feces, comparing HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children. Similar detection rates were observed for RVA, HAstV and HAdV, whilst NoV and HBoV were significantly more prevalent among children with CD4+ T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm3. Enteric viruses should be considered an important cause of DD in HIV-1 seropositive children, along with pathogens more classically associated with intestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts