Simultaneous Measurement Of Electrical And Thermal Properties: Application To Margarine

An experimental set-up for simultaneous measurement of thermal and dielectric properties of pasty materials, and in particular of margarine is proposed. The objective of the study was to observe simultaneously how the above mentioned properties change when margarine undergoes temperature changes within a temperature range that also encompasses its melting point. The PVDF pyroelectric sensor in combination with the plane plate capacitor was used for simultaneous measurement avoiding thereby problems arising from differences in both, sample's quantity and specific portion taken, the illumination level, heating, etc. As result of temperature variations both, the electrical and thermal properties of margarine were shown very sensitive to the structural changes. The reversibility of the modification process was observed. The results obtained with the set-up for simultaneous measurements were compared to those acquired by the methods capable of measuring each of the two properties separately. © EDP Sciences.125849852Pudney, P.D.A., Hancewicz, T.M., Cunningham, D.G., (2002) Spectrosc-int J, 16, p. 217Van Dalen, G., (2002) J Microsc-oxford, 208 (2), p. 116Benzo, Z., Marcano, E., Gomez, C., (2002) J AOAC Int, 85 (4), p. 967Sacchi, R., Addeo, F., Musso, S.S., (1995) Ital J Food Sci, 7 (1), p. 27Dadarlat, D., Gibkes, J., Bicanic, D., (1996) J Food Eng, 30 (1-2), p. 155De Pereira, J.R., Da Silva, E.C., Mansanares, A.M., Miranda, L.C.M., (2001) Analytical Sci., 17, p. 172Longuemart, S., Quiroz, A.G., Dadarlat, D., Sahraoui, A.H., Kolinsky, C., Buisine, J.M., Da Silva, E.C., Neamtu, C., (2002) Instrum. Sci. Technol., 30 (2), p. 157Dadarlat, D., Bicanic, D., Gibkes, J., (1996) Chem. Phys. Lipids, 82 (1), p. 15Marinelli, M., Mercuri, F., Zammit, U., Pizzoferrato, R., Scudieri, F., Dadarlat, D., (1994) Phys. Rev. B, 49, p. 9523Dadarlat, D., Chirtoc, M., Neamtu, C., Candea, R., Bicanic, D., (1990) Phys. Stat. Sol.(a), 121, pp. K23

The receptor AT1 appears to be important for the maintenance of bone mass and AT2 receptor function in periodontal bone loss appears to be regulated by AT1 receptor

A large number of experimental studies has demonstrated that angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in key events of the inflammatory process. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Ang II type 1 (AT1) and Ang II type 2 (AT2) receptors on periodontitis. Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing a 5.0 nylon thread ligature around the second upper left molar of AT1 mice, no-ligature or ligature (AT1-NL and AT1-L), AT2 (AT2-NL or AT2-L) and wild type (WT-NL or L). Alveolar bone loss was scanned using Micro-CT. Cytokines, peptides and enzymes were analyzed from gingival tissues by Elisa and RT-PCR. Results: The blockade of AT1 receptor resulted in bone loss, even in healthy animals. Ang II receptor blockades did not prevent linear bone loss. Ang II and Ang 1-7 levels were significantly increased in the AT2-L (p < 0.01) group compared to AT2-NL and AT1-L. The genic expression of the Mas receptor was significantly increased in WT-L and AT2-L compared to (WT-NL and AT2-NL, respectively) and in AT1-L. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the receptor AT1 appears to be important for the maintenance of bone mass. AT2 receptor molecular function in periodontitis appears to be regulated by AT1