O que o estado português quis conservar: a avaliação e aquisição de documentos de arquivo em Portugal nos séculos XIX e XX

Esta dissertação procura identificar os desígnios que orientaram as decisões do Estado português em relação à aquisição de documentos de arquivo, com o objectivo de verificar se esses desígnios se formalizaram numa política de avaliação e aquisição de documentos de arquivo coerente e sistemática. A análise incidiu no Arquivo Nacional e nos arquivos distritais durante o período cronológico que abrange o século XIX e a primeira metade do século XX. Partindo da discussão teórica presente nos discursos de arquivistas e investigadores, da evolução das práticas no Arquivo Nacional e das incorporações realizadas nos arquivos distritais, esta tese defende que existiu uma visão constitutiva dos arquivos enquanto repositórios documentais da memória da nação. No entanto, esta visão não se concretizou numa política arquivística articulada e estrutural; ABSTRACT:This dissertation aims to identify portuguese state’s goals that guided its intervention on acquisition of archival records. Our purpose is to verify if those goals meant a coherent and systematic appraisal and acquisition policy. Our analysis took as object Portugal’s national and regional archives from nineteenth to twentieth century’s first half. Beginning from theoretical discussion that can be seen on archivists and investigators speeches, National Archive’s practices and acquisitions occurred in regional archives, this thesis sustains that there was a vision on the archives as national memory documental repositories. However, this vision was not translated on an articulated and structured archival policy

Sistemas de informação das administrações civis no conculho de Sines : 1655-1855

O objecto da dissertação que aqui se apresenta é o estudo dos sistemas de informação das administrações local e central no espaço do concelho de Sines entre 1655 e 1855. O principal sistema estudado é o da Câmara Municipal de Sines, em relação com outros sistemas que com este produtor estiveram relacionados ao nível local, como o juiz de fora de Sines e de Santiago do Cacém, o Juiz dos Órfãos ou a Comarca/Provedoria de Campo de Ourique, assim como a sua interacção com as instituições que lhe eram hierarquicamente superiores a nível central. A abordagem implica uma visão sincrónica (as competências e conteúdos relações funcionais dos produtores e o seu reflexo na produção e circulação da informação num determinado espaço de tempo) e diacrónica (a evolução de produção da informação). Em síntese, implica a análise orgânico-funcional dos produtores e uma análise funcional e diplomática dos documentos, bem como o estudo dos fluxos de informação. Esta análise consistirá na relação entre a produção de informação e o contexto histórico em que a mesma ocorreu, o que significa não só apresentar uma relação directa entre legislação e informação produzida, e, especialmente, problematizar a história custodial da informação acumulada e do contexto histórico da sua produção. Os sistemas de informação que são objecto deste estudo têm diferentes produtores, mas são custodiados pela mesma instituição, a Câmara Municipal de Sines. Aqui será o domínio de uma cripto-arquivística: como eram os fundos originais produzidos, que informação desapareceu e qual foi a intencionalidade ou casualidade dessa eliminação. O enfoque encontra-se na produção da informação em estreita relação com o seu contexto de produção e com as formas da sua materialização: análise orgânico-funcional dos produtores; uma análise funcional e diplomática dos documentos, bem como o estudo dos fluxos de informação. A história administrativa e custodial dos sistemas de informação permite compreender o contexto de produção e reflectir como a (de)formação e o (des)conhecimento da memória institucional do produtor e da própria história do concelho têm uma relação estreita com o arquivo produzido e/ou conservado. A produção de informação na Época Moderna nas administrações civis do município de Sines decorreu da singularidade do seu produtor, a Câmara Municipal de Sines, enquanto senhorio territorial e jurisdicional. O acto administrativo e o acto escrito nem sempre coincidem, e muitos actos não se materializaram, quer porque não foram registados quer porque os documentos daí resultantes foram subtraídos, destruídos ou transferidos para outros produtores. Os sistemas de informação baseiam-se no registo dos actos e caracterizam-se por uma fraca especialização administrativa. Uma das rupturas ocorreu com o advento do Liberalismo: extinção das instituições do Antigo Regime; perda da função judicial das câmaras municipais. Uma nova complexidade administrativa significou a identidade entre a unidade de instalação e a agregação. O segundo momento de ruptura para o sistema de informação no município de Sines foi a extinção do concelho, encerrando assim a sua produção de informação.The purpose of this dissertation is to study the information systems of local and central administrations within the area of Sines county between 1655 and 1855. The main system studied is that of the Sines City Council, in relation to other systems at the local level, such as the juiz de fora from Santiago do Cacém and Sines, the juiz dos órfãos or at a regional level, the Comarca de Ourique, as well as its interaction with the institutions that were hierarchically superior to Sines City Council. The approach implies a synchronous view (the skills and contents of functional relations of producers and their reflection on the production and circulation of information in a given time), and diachronic (the evolution of information production). In summary, it implies an organic-functional analysis of the producers and a functional and diplomatic analysis of the documents, as well as a study of information flows. The analysis will consist of the evaluation of the relationship between the production of information and the historical context in which it occurred, which means not only to present a direct relationship between legislation and information produced, but to problematize the custodial history of accumulated information and the historical context of its production. The information systems that are the object of this study have different producers, but were kept by the same institution, the Municipal Council of Sines. Here will be the domain of a crypto-archival: how were the original funds produced, what information disappeared and what was the intentionality or causality of such elimination. The focus is on the production of information in close relation with its context of production and with the forms of its materialization: organic-functional analysis of the producers; a functional and diplomatic analysis of documents, as well as the study of information flows. The administrative and custodial history of information systems allows us to understand the context of production and to reflect how the formation and the lack of knowledge of the institutional memory of the producer and the history of the county, have a close relationship with the archive produced and/or preserved. The production of information in the Modern Era by the civil administrations of the municipality of Sines was due to the singularity of its producer, the Municipality of Sines, as a territorial and jurisdictional landlord. The administrative act and the written instrument do not always coincide, and many acts did not materialize itself, either because they were not recorded or because the resulting documents were subtracted, destroyed or transferred to other producers. Information systems are based on the register of acts, with poor administrative specialization. One of the ruptures occurred with the advent of Liberalism: the extinction of the institutions of the Old Regime; loss of the judicial function of city councils. A new administrative complexity meant the identity between the installation unit and the aggregation. The second moment of rupture for the information system in the municipality of Sines was the extinction of the county, thus ending its production of information

Da produção à preservação informacional: desafios e oportunidades

This book focus in the study of past information systems, current information management and digital preservation. It results from a set of text sources, whose approaches reflect the challenges and opportunities in the world of information, treated by specialists dealing with it on a professional and academic level. The objective of this collection of text sources is to be a motto to new contributions to the archival field, potentiating experiences in the work context and new studies in the approached thematics

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiv

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos em andamento - Saúde Coletiv

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data