CARACTERÍSTICAS DE PORTADORES DE HEPATITES B E C EM TRATAMENTO HEMODIALÍTICO E COMORBIDADES ASSOCIADAS / CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS B AND C IN HEMODIALYSIS AND COMORBIDITIES

Introdução: Portadores de Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento hemodialítico apresentam risco aumentado de aquisição do Vírus da Hepatite C (VHC) e hepatite B (VHB). A cronicidade da doença, e o potencial evolutivo para cirrose e hepatocarcinoma, fazem com que a patologia se constitua em um grave problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes com diagnóstico de hepatite B e C em tratamento hemodialítico. Método: Estudo descritivo realizado em um Centro de Nefrologia, em São Luís (MA) com pacientes cadastrados no período de 2008 e 2009. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de investigação da ficha individual disponível no sistema de informação da instituição. Resultados: Foram investigados 358 pacientes e sendo 87,1%, soronegativos para hepatite, 10% soropositivos para hepatite C e 2,5% para hepatite B e 0,4% soropositivo para hepatite B e C. Dos soropositivos 82,6% sexo masculino, 45,6 casados e 30,4% estavam na faixa etária entre 41 a 50 anos. A maioria (67,3%) reside em São Luís e 35,9% estavam em tratamento hemodialítico entre 6 a 10 anos. O diagnóstico principal mais incidente foi Insuficiência Renal Crônica (73,7) tendo como patologia associada mais frequente a Glomerulonefrite Crônica (23,8%) e a Hipertensão Arterial 17,3%. Conclusão: A infecção por hepatite C foi superior a hepatite B, os soropositivos estavam em tratamento hemodialítico entre 6 a 10 anos, a patologia associada mais frequente foi Glomerulonefrite Crônica e Hipertensão Arterial. A presença de comorbidades associadas reflete como provável forma de agravar o quadro de saúde dos pacientes.Palavras-chave: Hepatite viral. Transmissão da hepatite B e C. Hemodiálise.AbstractIntroduction: Patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis are at increased risk of acquiring hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) the chronicity of the disease, and the potential evolution to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, make up the pathology constitutes a serious public health problem. Objective: To characterize the profile of patients with hepatitis B and C in hemodialysis. Methods: This descriptive study in a nephrology center in São Luís - MA with patients registered between 2008 and 2009. Data collection was performed by investigation of individual records available in the information system of the institution. Results: We investigated 358 patients and 87.1% are seronegative for hepatitis, 10% were seropositive for hepatitis C and hepatitis B for 2.5% and 0.4% seropositive for hepatitis B and C. 82.6% of seropositive male, 45.6% were married and 30.4 in the age group between 41 to 50 years. The majority (67.3%) resides in St. Louis and 35.9% were in treatment between 6 and 10 years. The primary diagnosis was more common Chronic Renal Failure (73.7) as having the most frequent pathology associated Chronic glomerulonephritis (23.8%) and 17.3% Hypertension. Conclusion: Infection with hepatitis C was higher hepatitis B, HIV positive people were receiving hemodialysis treatment between 6 and 10 years, the most frequent pathology was associated with Chronic Glomerulonephritis and Hypertension. The presence of comorbidities reflects how likely way to worsen the health of patients.Keywords: Viral hepatitis. Transmission of hepatitis B and C. Hemodialysis

Effect of chlorhexidine gel containing saccharin or aspartame in deaf children highly infected with mutans streptococci

Aim: Since deaf children are unable to comprehend or cooperate with dental treatment due to lack of communication, preventive measures may be an important way to control the high prevalence of dental caries in these patients. The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effect of an intensive treatment with chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, containing either saccharin or aspartame, in deaf children highly infected with mutans streptococci (MS). Methods: Eighteen children were randomly divided into two groups, according to the sweetener used to improve the CHX gel bitter taste: saccharin or aspartame. Before CHX treatment, saliva samples were collected to establish baseline microbial data for MS. CHX gel was applied on two consecutive days, four times the first day and three times the second day. Saliva samples were then taken after 7, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days to evaluate MS oral recolonization. Results: CHX gel containing saccharin was not effective on the reduction of MS levels, while the gel containing aspartame decreased significantly MS levels after treatment (P<.05). Conclusions: Although a new CHX application may be necessary after 60 days to control caries risk and MS levels, CHX treatment should be individually controlled because of variations in the response of subjects

Effect of chlorhexidine gel containing saccharin or aspartame in deaf children highly infected with mutans streptococci

nce deaf children are unable to comprehend or cooperate with dental treatment due to lack of communication, preventive measures may be an important way to control the high prevalence of dental caries in these patients. The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effect of an intensive treatment with chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, containing either saccharin or aspartame, in deaf children highly infected with mutans streptococci (MS). Methods: Eighteen children were randomly divided into two groups, according to the sweetener used to improve the CHX gel bitter taste: saccharin or aspartame. Before CHX treatment, saliva samples were collected to establish baseline microbial data for MS. CHX gel was applied on two consecutive days, four times the first day and three times the second day. Saliva samples were then taken after 7, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days to evaluate MS oral recolonization. Results: CHX gel containing saccharin was not effective on the reduction of MS levels, while the gel containing aspartame decreased significantly MS levels after treatment (P<.05). Conclusions: Although a new CHX application may be necessary after 60 days to control caries risk and MS levels, CHX treatment should be individually controlled because of variations in the response of subjects