91 research outputs found
Experimental Demonstration of Geometrically-Shaped Constellations Tailored to the Nonlinear Fibre Channel
A geometrically-shaped 256-QAM constellation, tailored to the nonlinear
optical fibre channel, is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed
constellation outperforms both uniform and AWGN-tailored 256-QAM, as it is
designed to optimise the trade-off between shaping gain, nonlinearity and
transceiver impairments
Adaptive Geometric Constellation Shaping in a Transmission System with a Real-time Optimisation Loop
We demonstrate the real-time performance of an adaptive intelligent transceiver, tailoring the constellation shape to the transmission system by iteratively maximising the information throughput, quantified by the GMI
Digital Back Propagation via Sub-band Processing in Spatial Multiplexing Systems
An advanced digital backward-propagation (DBP) method using a separate-channels approach (SCA) is investigated for the compensation of inter-channel nonlinearities in spatial- and wavelength-multiplexed systems. Compared to the conventional DBP, intra- and inter-mode cross-phase modulation can be efficiently compensated by including the effect of the inter-channel walk-off in the nonlinear step of the split-step Fourier method. We found that the SCA-DBP relaxes the step size requirements by a factor of 10, while improving performance by 0.8 dB for large walk-off and strong linear coupling. For the first time, it is shown that in spatial multiplexed systems transmission performance can be improved by sub-band processing of back propagated channels
Challenges in Modelling Optical Fibres for Spatial Division Multiplexing
We review recent studies of the nonlinear interference in spatial division multiplexing systems. Different solution methods of the multimode Schrödinger equation are compared, highlighting the accuracy of a stochastic solution method including distributed mode coupling
Modeling and mitigation of fiber nonlinearity in wideband optical signal transmission [Invited]
The adoption of open optical networks (OONs) requires the development of open and effective network planning tools, enabling the use of multi-vendor or white-box transport solutions. Such tools for studying and planning optical networks must be able to take into account the physical layer impairments, including fiber nonlinearity. The use of wideband wavelength division multiplexing in OONs, with channel frequencies extending across the short, conventional, and long bands and beyond, offers a pathway to increasing data rates through the installed fiber infrastructure. However, achievable information rates are limited by the resulting signal distortion due to fiber nonlinearity as signal bandwidths are increased, in particular, inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS). In this paper, we describe the nonlinear effects observed in wideband transmission systems, and review recently developed analytical tools, based on the Gaussian noise (GN) model of nonlinear interference with the inclusion of ISRS. Using the ISRS GN model, we assess the impact of fiber nonlinearity on the achievable information rates in transmission systems with bandwidths of up to 12 THz. We demonstrate the use of the model in the optimization of launch power spectral profiles for a variety of dynamic gain equalizer arrangements in a 1000 km standard single-mode fiber link, using particle swarm optimization and the steepest descent algorithm. Such nonlinear models and optimization methods could be applied in OON planning tools, for example, in optical link emulators to estimate quality-of-transmission and data throughput, and in impairment-aware software-defined network control and management
The Benefits of Using the S-Band in Optical Fiber Communications and How to Get There
The throughput gains of extending the optical transmission bandwidth to the S+C+L-band are quantified using a Gaussian Noise model that accounts for inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS). The impact of potential ISRS mitigation strategies, such as dynamic gain equalization and power optimization, are investigated
Experimental Demonstration of a Simplified SOA Nonlinearity Mitigation scheme
We experimentally demonstrated a digital learned-filter mitigation scheme for semiconductor optical amplifier-induced nonlinear distortion of single-polarisation 32 GBd 16QAM and 64QAM signals in a back-to-back configuration
Geometric Shaping of 2-D Constellations in the Presence of Laser Phase Noise
In this article, we propose a geometric shaping (GS) strategy to design 8, 16, 32, and 64 -ary modulation formats for the optical fibre channel impaired by both additive white Gaussian (AWGN) and phase noise. The constellations were optimised to maximise generalised mutual information (GMI) using a mismatched channel model. The presented formats demonstrate an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) tolerance in high phase noise regimes when compared with their quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) or AWGN-optimised counterparts. By putting the optimisation results in the context of the 400ZR implementation agreement, we show that GS alone can either relax the laser linewidth (LW) or carrier phase estimation (CPE) requirements of 400 Gbit/s transmission links and beyond. Following the GMI validation, the performance of the presented formats was examined in terms of post forward error correction (FEC) bit-error-rate (BER) for a soft decision (SD) extended Hamming code (128, 120), implemented as per the 400ZR implementation agreement. We demonstrate gains of up to 1.2 dB when compared to the 64 -ary AWGN shaped formats
Joint estimation of dynamic polarization and carrier phase with pilot-based adaptive equalizer in PDM-64 QAM transmission system
A pilot-based adaptive equalizer is investigated for high cardinality polarizationdivision-multiplexing quadrature amplitude modulation transmission systems. Pilot symbols are
periodically inserted for joint estimation of the dynamic state of polarization (SOP) and carrier
phase, in a least mean square (LMS) sense. Compared to decision-directed least mean square
(DDLMS) equalization and radially-directed equalization, the proposed equalizer can achieve
robust equalization and phase estimation, especially in low optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR)
scenarios. In an experiment on 56 GBaud PDM-64 QAM transmission over 400 km standard
single-mode fiber, we obtained at least 0.35 bit per symbol generalized mutual information
(GMI) improvement compared with other training symbol-based equalization when tracking 600
krad/s dynamic SOP. With the joint estimation scheme, the equalization performance will not be
compromised even if the SOP speed reaches 600 krad/s or the laser linewidth approaches 2 MHz.
For the first time, it is demonstrated that the pilot-based equalizer can track dynamic SOP rotation
and compensate for fiber linear impairments without any cycle slips under extreme conditions
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