A review of plants used in ethnoveterinary medicine in Central India

617-634The Central Indian region consists mainly with Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh states of India and occupied the core zone of the country. The various tribal communities comprise about 24% population of Central India. The scrutiny of literature on ethnoveterinary medicines of Central India indicates that there are about 270 plant species under 218 genera and 84 families are used by tribal and rural communities of Central India for the treatment of 139 types of different ailments, diseases and disorders of their pet/domestic animals. This indigenous knowledge and practice of tribal and rural people is based primarily on locally available medicinal plants found in their surroundings. Therefore, all these medicinal plants should be scientifically screened in order to find out newer sources of ethnoveterinary drugs of herbal origin

Pharmacognostic evaluation of Bilva [Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa] root bark

670-676Aegle marmelos L., family Rutaceae, is a sacred plant mentioned in various Hindu scriptures. It has both medicinal as well as cultural importance. In the present investigation, macroscopy, microscopy, and powder microscopy studies, physicochemical analysis, detection of heavy metals, analysis of aflatoxins, screening of microbiological parameters and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprint profile of methanolic extract were performed. Analysis of 04 aflatoxins (A1, B1, A2, and B2) was performed and found that no aflatoxins were present, authenticated by comparing the Rf value and colour of the standards spot with sample on TLC plate. Qualitative microbiological analysis of pathogenic bacteria, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., Pseudomonasaeruginosa and Escherichia coli were done and found that no bacterial pathogens are present in the Aegle marmelos root bark extract. HPTLC chromatographic fingerprint of Aegle marmelos root bark was done by using mobile phase toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7.5: 2.5: 0.4). TLC plate was derivatized by using derivatizing reagent 5% Methanolic - sulphuric acid reagent and plate was heated at 105°C till the bands are clearly visible. Major spots Rf values and colour were noted at 254 nm, 366 nm, after derivatization 366 nm and UV light. Therefore, established parameters may be used as a reference tool for proper recognition and confirmation of right plant material and monitoring of batch to batch consistency of finished herbal products using Aegle marmelos as an ingredient. This study may also helpful in the preparation of Aegle marmelos root bark monograph

Effect of Alectra Parasitica Var. Chirakutensis on Aspirin Induced Ulceration in Rats

ABSTRACT The effect of 50 % ethanolic extract of Alectra parasitica var. Chirakutensis was assessed in different acute gastric ulcer models in rats. Alectra parasitica administered orally at dose levels of 50 -200 mg/kg, twice daily for 3 days showed dose dependent ulcer protective effect 48.89 -82.22% protection on aspirin -induced acute ulcers. Besides, Alectra parasitica reduced the ulcer index with significant (P < 0.01 and <0.001) protection of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and increased in catalase activity, respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the Alectra parasitica gave the positive test for steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and tannins. The results indicate that Alectra parasitica possesses antiulcer activity

Some Traditional Herbal Formulations of Chitrakoot region, Madhya Pradesh, India

315-320An ethnobotanical survey was carried out during 2005 -2009 in 20 villages of the Chitrakoot region to collect the information on traditional herbal formulations from the traditional practitioners. The first hand information regarding the traditional herbal formulations such as name of plants, used parts, ingredients, mode of preparation and application, dose and duration etc. was recorded from old and experienced traditional practitioners with the help of prescribed proforma. There are 47 plant species, 45 genera and 31 families used in different ailments and diseases like malarial fever, jaundice, skin diseases, dysentery, pneumonia, bone fracture, cough and cold and urinary disorders etc. described in the present communication. </span

Some unique ethnomedicinal perceptions of tribal communities of Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh

613-617Chitrakoot is rich in ethnic and biological diversity since ancient times. Several tribal communities like Kol, Gond and Mawasi inhabit Chitrakoot region, and utilize wide variety of plant resources for food, fodder, fibre, medicine, etc. An ethnobotanical study among the tribal communities of Chitrakoot has been carried out during 2002-2005. In the study, ethnomedicinal uses of 28 plant species belonging to 27 genera and 23 families have been reported. These uses are not reported in earlier published literature

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Pharmacognostical identification of ingredients in <i>Laghulai curna</i>: An <i>Ayurvedic</i> compound formulation</span>

531-536<span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-bidi-font-family:mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:hi"="" lang="EN-GB">Laghulai curna is a compound formulation prepared by 13 single ingredients, viz. Suta (Suddha parada), Gandha (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Suddha gandhaka), Sunthi (Zingiber officinale Rose., rhizome), Marica (Piper nigrum L., Fruit), Pippali (Piper longum L., Fruit), Dipyaka (Yavani) (Trachyspermum ammi L., Fruit), Svetajiraka (Cuminum cyminum L., Fruit), Krisnajiraka (Carum carvi L., Fruit), Sauvarcala, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Saindhava, Ramatha (hingu) (Ferula assafoetida Regel., Excude), Vida<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"> (Lavana), Sakrahvaya (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Kutaja) (Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall., Seeds) and used in Grahani (mal absorption syndrome), Atisara<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"> (diarrhoea), Anaha (distension of abdomen due to obstruction to passage of urine and stools), Sūla (pain) in Indian System of medicine. The present paper provides microscopical diagnostic keys and HPTLC finger print profile that are needed for proper identification and authentication of an Ayurvedic compound formulation Laghulai curna.</span