Walking Guide to Islamic Leiden

This bilingual Walking Guide celebrates 400 years of Arabic Studies in Leiden. Twenty nine sketches of people and places written by specialists in the field offer a unique insight into the history of Leiden's longstanding relationship with the Arabic and Muslim world. Find out more about Leiden's first inhabitant from North Africa and the history of the crescent moons on Leiden's city Hall while exploring the many, often unknown and hidden treasures of Leiden's Islamic past and present.Middle Eastern Studie

Hemin Reconstitutes Proton Extrusion in an H(+)-ATPase-Negative Mutant of Lactococcus lactis

H(+)-ATPase is considered essential for growth of Lactococcus lactis. However, media containing hemin restored the aerobic growth of an H(+)-ATPase-negative mutant, suggesting that hemin complements proton extrusion. We show that inverted membrane vesicles prepared from hemin-grown L. lactis cells are capable of coupling NADH oxidation to proton translocation