How are Africa RISING interventions affecting production diversity and dietary quality? Evidence from north of Ghana

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Tanzania

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Ghana

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Mali

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Malawi

United States Agency for International Developmen

Typology characterization of farmers in Africa RISING sites in Ethiopia

United States Agency for International Developmen

The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis and the Role of External and Internal Factors in Emerging Economies

This article assesses the impact of trade, capital openness and institutions on emerging economies’ output loss during the “Great Recession.” The fixed-effect estimates of an unbalanced panel of 122 emerging countries observed from 2008 to 2010 yield three main results. First, trade openness has exacerbated output loss. Second, capital openness can help mitigate the negative impact of an external shock, but this is conditional on the level of financial development. Finally, the results also point out that the interrelations between financial and institutional development affect the crisis’s severity

Pathophysiology of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): A Review on Oxidative Disorders

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that affects a wide range of the world's population, reaching up to 200 million individuals worldwide. PAD particularly affects elderly individuals (>65 years old). PAD is often underdiagnosed or underestimated, although specificity in diagnosis is shown by an ankle/brachial approach, and the high cardiovascular event risk that affected the PAD patients. A number of pathophysiologic pathways operate in chronic arterial ischemia of lower limbs, giving the possibility to improve therapeutic strategies and the outcome of patients. This review aims to provide a well detailed description of such fundamental issues as physical exercise, biochemistry of physical exercise, skeletal muscle in PAD, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in PAD, and antioxidants in PAD. These issues are closely related to the oxidative stress in PAD. We want to draw attention to the pathophysiologic pathways that are considered to be beneficial in order to achieve more effective options to treat PAD patients