Illustration of tumour progression and treatment response.

<p>T2w-MRI and fused ¹⁸F-FET MicroPET/CT images showing tumour progression 3–5 weeks after tumour cell injection. Transverse views through the brain of a mouse from the B20–4.1 group and a mouse from the control group. Scale bar: 0–1.4 SUV_max</p

Bioluminescence imaging to monitor treatment response.

<p>A) Representative images of bioluminescence 3–5 weeks after tumour cell injection showing tumour progression in a B20–4.1 mouse and a control mouse. B) Quantification of total flux relative to baseline (week 0). Values are expressed as mean ± SEM after one week of treatment in the control (n = 13), the B20 group (n = 11) and the B20+TB403 group (n = 8); and after two weeks of treatment in the control (n = 9), the B20 (n = 9) and the B20+TB403 group (n = 6). *<i>p</i><0.05</p

Immunohistochemistry of xenograft tumours.

<p>A) Representative IHC images of HE and high magnification of Ki67 (40x) and CD31 (20x). B) Ki67 proliferation index and C) MVD in the control group (n = 11), the B20 group (n = 10) and the B20+TB403 group (n = 7). Mean ± SEM, **p<0.01</p

Survival analysis.

<p>Kaplan Meier survival curves from tumour take. Control group vs. B20 group, 13 vs. 21 days; p = 0.04; HR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.13–0.82 (determined by log-rank test). E: events, N: number of animals</p

¹⁸F-FET MicroPET/CT to monitor treatment response.

<p>¹⁸F-FET uptake in the treatment groups expressed as A) SUV_max T/B ratio, B) SUV_mean T/B ratio and C) SUV_max. D) MRI volume in the treatment groups. All values are expressed as mean ± SEM relative to baseline (week 0) after 1 week of treatment in the control (n = 13), the B20 group (n = 11) and in the B20+TB403 (n = 9); and after 2 weeks of treatment in the control (n = 5), the B20 group (n = 8) and in the B20+TB403 group (n = 6). *<i>p</i><0.05, **p<0.01</p

Gene expression analysis of xenograft tumours.

<p>Gene expression of A) PlGF and B) VEGFR-1 in xenografts and a panel of GBM patients including patient GBM017. Values in xenografts are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 12). C) Xenograft gene expression of PlGF in the control group (n = 4), the B20 group (n = 4). All genes are normalized to reference genes and are relative to human HMVEC</p

Biomarkers in Recurrent Grade III Glioma Patients Treated with Bevacizumab and Irinotecan

<p>Predictive biomarkers and prognostic models are required to identify recurrent grade III glioma patients who benefit from existing treatment. In this study of 62 recurrent grade III glioma patients, a range of clinical and paraclinical factors are tested for association with progression-free survival, overall survival, and response to bevacizumab and irinotecan therapy. Significant factors from univariate screening are included in multivariate analysis. Biomarkers previously advanced as predictive or prognostic in the first-line setting did not affect outcome in this patient cohort. Based on the optimized model for overall survival, comprising performance status and p53 expression, a prognostic index is established.</p