Le commerce international des films en Grèce (1939-1954)

Le cinéma et son commerce international constituent un domaine de recherche particulièrement propice pour étudier l’internationalisation de la communication, dans la mesure où il s’agit d’un médium dont le contenu est intégralement exploité à l’échelle mondiale. Ainsi mènerons-nous une micro-étude dans un espace géopolitique précis : la Grèce. L’objectif est d’examiner le paysage cinématographique grec des années 1940-55 en mettant l’accent sur le système de distribution par rapport au régime politique, et sur la consommation cinématographique. Nous centrerons notre attention sur la nationalité et la provenance des films diffusés en salles, et, plus précisément, ceux qui ont remporté le plus grand succès auprès du public. En outre, nous examinerons en quoi les modèles de fréquentation au sein de la population se modifient dans le temps.The international film trade is a particularly prolific field of research to study the internationalisation of communication as a medium whose context is exploited on an international level. Our research concerns the geopolitical space of Greece. Our intention is to examine the film market, with special emphasis on the distribution network in relation to the political regime as well as cinema consumption and practices. Our analysis concentrates on the origin or « nationality » of films distributed and screened in Greek cinemas and especially on the most successful ones. We shed light on the conditions and criteria which shaped Greek cinema-going habits and trends over time

Permanences et ruptures dans l'internationalisation du cinéma en Grèce

Le cinéma et son commerce international constituent un domaine de recherche particulièrement propice pour étudier l'internationalisation de la communication, dans la mesure où il s'agit d'un médium dont le contenu est intégralement exploité à l'échelle mondiale. Cette internationalisation peut parfois prendre la forme d'un impérialisme culturel découlant d'un système de filiales (les transnationales de communication) mises en place très tôt par les studios américains. Ces filiales des majors ne se contentent pas de distribuer les films américains, elles interviennent également sur les marchés locaux où elles sont implantées. En Grèce, elles contrôlent, selon les années (de 1945 à nos jours), de 40 à 90% des recettes. Nous mènerons ainsi une micro-étude dans un espace géopolitique précis : celui de la Grèce. L'objectif de la présente communication est donc d'examiner le paysage cinématographique grec des années 1940 -1960 et consiste à démontrer en quoi les logiques commerciales (stratégies des entreprises de distribution et d'exploitation) ont toujours été assujetties aux stratégies internationales. La périodisation chronologique retenue témoigne par ailleurs du passage d'une organisation artisanale au développement d'une semi-industrie où, même si elle n'est pas comparable à celle des autres pays européens, la production locale a pourtant réussi à conquérir les spectateurs. Nous centrerons sur la nationalité et la provenance des films diffusés en salles, et plus précisément de ceux qui ont remporté le plus grand succès auprès du public. En outre, nous examinerons en quoi les modèles de fréquentation au sein de la population se modifient dans le temps. Manifestement, les questions actuelles sur l'homogénéisation et l'impérialisme culturel, à l'ère d'une mondialisation accrue des systèmes et produits de communication, trouvent un écho dans l'étude historique de l'industrie du cinéma. En examinant les symptômes récurrents, nous tracerons la continuité des logiques qui ressortent de cette interaction entre le local et le global. A travers cette étude, nous essaierons d'esquisser les permanences et les ruptures de cette internationalisation dans l'espace grec, afin de restituer sa place dans la situation actuelle des pratiques cinématographiques

Jalons pour une histoire du cinéma en Grèce (1939-1954) (pratiques culturelles, logiques commerciales et stratégies d'acteurs d'après la revue Kinimatographikos astir)

Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une histoire générale du cinéma, depuis la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale, jusqu'en 1954 et au commencement de l'organisation de la production grecque. L'examen du marché cinématographique grec durant cette période agitée met en lumière le fait que la structure politique des régimes qui se succèdent agit directement sur l'organisation du secteur cinématographique, sur le plan idéologique comme sur le plan économique. La principale source de notre recherche est la revue cinématographique grecque Kinimatographikos Astir. Celle-ci souligne l'aspect économique du cinéma, inaugure un dialogue entre les professionnels du cinéma et atteste de la place accordée alors au 7ème art. Nous démontrons à travers cette recherche comment le marché cinématographique grec a toujours été assujetti aux Pouvoirs politiques et aux stratégies d'acteurs transnationaux. Une partie de l'analyse traite de la nationalité et la provenance des films diffusés en salles, et plus précisément de ceux qui ont remporté le plus grand succès auprès du public. De cette façon sont mis en lumière les conditions et les critères selon lesquels les modèles de fréquentation au sein de la population se modifient dans le temps. En relevant les symptômes récurrents, nous avons retracé la continuité des logiques qui ressortent de cette interaction entre le local et le global.This thesis seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the history of cinema in Greece since the 2nd world war and up until 1954 when the organization of Greek film production began to take shape. An examination of the Greek film market during this troubled period shows that the structure of successive political regimes directly influenced the cinematographic sector both ideologically and economically. Our main archival source is the Greek cinema magazine Kinimatographikos Astir, which became a forum for dialogue between professionals of the film industry. It enables us to analyse the cultural and artistic importance of the 7th art and the economic aspects of the industry. We illustrate how the Greek film market has always been subjected to the influence of Political powers and transnational player's strategies. One section of our analysis concentrates on the origin or nationality of films distributed and screened in Greek cinemas and especially the most successful ones. We shed light on the conditions and criteria which shaped Greek cinema-going habits and trends over time. In highlighting and emphasizing recurring trends we pinpoint the underlying factors which participate in the interaction between local and global interests.PARIS3-BU (751052102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Mobile Learning Applications for Refugees: A Systematic Literature Review

The proliferation of mobile devices in everyday life since the end of the 20th century has led to mobile applications for educational purposes and the creation of the research field of mobile learning. Despite the extended research interest on the effectiveness of this field, there is limited research on mobile learning for various social groups, such as refugees, students with learning difficulties and disabilities. Due to the unprecedented number (over one hundred million) of refugees during the second decade of the 21st century worldwide, many NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) and UN (United Nations) initiatives have proposed leveraging mobile learning for refugee educational needs. This research article focuses on mobile learning for refugee education. Namely, the present systematic literature review results from 2015 to 2020 will give a concrete picture of the recently existing mobile learning apps for refugees and their characteristics. According to the research findings, 15 characteristics were collected out of 14 applications. According to prior literature, areas of agreement or discrepancies in the field were found. Two new -to previous literature- characteristics were revealed: interwoven psychological and educational features and refugees’ cultural features in the apps. The summarization and categorization of the app’s characteristics aim to contribute to mobile learning research and impact game developers, educators, and NGOs according to refugee needs. The limitations of this study and issues for further exploration will also be discussed in the last sections

The Impact of Smart Screen Technologies and Accompanied Apps on Young Children Learning and Developmental Outcomes

International audienc

Mobile Learning Applications for Refugees: A Systematic Literature Review

The proliferation of mobile devices in everyday life since the end of the 20th century has led to mobile applications for educational purposes and the creation of the research field of mobile learning. Despite the extended research interest on the effectiveness of this field, there is limited research on mobile learning for various social groups, such as refugees, students with learning difficulties and disabilities. Due to the unprecedented number (over one hundred million) of refugees during the second decade of the 21st century worldwide, many NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) and UN (United Nations) initiatives have proposed leveraging mobile learning for refugee educational needs. This research article focuses on mobile learning for refugee education. Namely, the present systematic literature review results from 2015 to 2020 will give a concrete picture of the recently existing mobile learning apps for refugees and their characteristics. According to the research findings, 15 characteristics were collected out of 14 applications. According to prior literature, areas of agreement or discrepancies in the field were found. Two new -to previous literature- characteristics were revealed: interwoven psychological and educational features and refugees’ cultural features in the apps. The summarization and categorization of the app’s characteristics aim to contribute to mobile learning research and impact game developers, educators, and NGOs according to refugee needs. The limitations of this study and issues for further exploration will also be discussed in the last sections

An Overview of Mobile Learning for Refugee Students: Juxtaposing Refugee Needs with Mobile Applications’ Characteristics

The mass influx of refugees into Europe since 2013 and their educational challenges have increased the need for high-quality refugee education. One proposal for addressing these challenges was to leverage mobile devices for educational purposes (mobile learning). Although significant research has been done in this field, mobile learning’s effectiveness on different social groups has yet to be explored. The present review paper aims to outline: (a) the factors that challenge refugee education, (b) the use of smart mobile devices by the refugee population, (c) the conflicting views about the effect of mobile learning in refugee education, and (d) the proposed characteristics for mobile refugee applications as found in the literature. A juxtaposition of refugee needs with the characteristics of mobile learning apps is attempted. By surveying the literature, the present paper concludes that mobile learning seems beneficial for refugees in two ways: providing refugees access to education and improving the quality of the provided refugee education. However, it is not a one-solution-fits-all regarding their education. At the end, future research proposals are included

Attitudes towards the Use of Educational Robotics: Exploring Pre-Service and In-Service Early Childhood Teacher Profiles

The introduction of STEM education, and specifically the implementation of educational robotics (ER), has drawn researchers’ attention and has shown that teachers play a crucial role in leading this innovation. The present study concerns in-service and pre-service early childhood teachers, focusing on their perceptions and attitudes about ER use in daily teaching practice. The data were collected via a questionnaire (N = 201) and explored using latent class analysis, which detected distinct clusters/profiles of participants based on their pattern of responses. Two clusters were identified: Cluster1 was relatively homogeneous, including those who share a positive attitude towards ER, while Cluster2 was heterogeneous, comprising participants with inconsistent responses and expressing negative and skeptical thinking. The cluster memberships were associated with external covariates, such as age, years of teaching experience, and variables measuring their technological competencies. The results showed that teaching experience and age were negatively associated with cluster1-membership, while educational robotics knowledge was positively associated. The findings are interpretable, and the implications for education are discussed considering the current literature

Spatio-Temporal Variation of Lung Cancer in Crete, 1992–2013. Economic or Health Crisis?

(1) Background: This is the first population-based study in Greece, with the aim to measure the changing trends of lung cancer (LC) and the associated risk factors before and after the economic crisis. Among the main objectives were the identification of LC hot spots and high-risk areas; (2) Methods: The study was conducted in Crete, the biggest island in Greece. Data (5057 LC cases) were collected from the Cancer Registry of Crete (CRC). The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASIR, ASMR/100,000/year) were estimated, while additional indexes were used, including the adjusted Charlson’s comorbidity index (CCI%), the deprivation index (HPI-2), and the exposure to outdoor air pollution (OAP). The analysis was performed for two time periods (Period A: 1992–2008; Period B: 2009–2013); (3) Results: ASIR presented a significant increase during the economic crisis, while an even higher increase was observed in ASMR (Period A: ASMR = 30.5/100,000/year; Period B: ASMR = 43.8/100,000/year; p < 0.001). After 2009, a significant increase in the observed LC hot spots was identified in several sub-regions in Crete (p = 0.04). The risk of LC mortality increased even more for smokers (RR = 5.7; 95%CI = 5.2–6.3) and those living in highly deprived geographical regions (RR = 5.4; 95%CI = 5.1–5.8) during the austerity period. The multiple effect of LC predictors resulted in adjusted RRs ranging from 0.7 to 5.7 within the island (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: The increased LC burden after the onset of the economic crisis, along with a changing pattern of LC predictors stressed the urgent need of geographically oriented interventions and cancer control programs focusing on the most deprived or vulnerable population groups

Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Operational integration in primary health care: patient encounters and workflows

Optimal processes workflows for patients with urgent or acute problems/symptoms. Distributed the optimal patient flows within the PHC units, as they are proposed by the project. It depicts the processes workflows of patients with urgent or acute problems/symptoms seeking for PHC services. (JPEG 182 kb