Antiretroviral tolerability and efficacy after switch to saquinavir in PI-experienced patients : 48-week analysis of the German Rainbow Cohort

Poster presentation: Purpose of the study The aim of the Rainbow Cohort is to assess the tolerability and efficacy of initiating treatment with, or switching treatment to the saquinavir (SQV) 500 mg film-coated tablet formulation. We present the final 48-week subgroup analysis of PI-experienced, but SQV-naïve patients. ..

Möglichkeiten der Parallelverarbeitung auf lose gekoppelten Workstations

Unter dem Begriff Workstation-Cluster wird eine Vielzahl von Ansätzen zur Verteilten bzw. Parallelverarbeitung in UNIX-Netzwerken diskutiert. Der Artikel stellt die gängigen Ansätze und Vorschläge kurz vor.Am Beispiel dreier Paralleler Programmierumgebungen - Express, Network Linda und PVM - werden die Möglichkeiten dieses Weges genauer untersucht. Größen wie Latenz und Bandbreite, die die Kommunikation und damit die Leistungsfähigkeit bei der Parallelprogrammierung entscheidend bestimmen, werden gemessen und bewertet.Zur Erhöhung der Portabilität wurden die Argonne/GMD Macros (PARMACS) auf PVM und Express implementiert. Vergleichbare Messungen belegen, daß der damit erzeugte Overhead vernachlässigbar ist. Zwei mit PARMACS parallelisierte Anwendungen (Linpack und ein Programm aus der QCD) können so auf Effizienz und Skalierbarkeit untersucht werden.Die Summe der Ergebnisse zeigt, daß der Einsatz Paralleler Programmierumgebungen auf Workstations nur für eine begrenzte Klasse von Problemen in Frage kommt, die ein günstiges Verhältnis von Rechenzeit zu Kommunikation aufweisen

Lattice quantum hadrodynamics on a CRAY Y-MP

Quantum corrections to the mean-field equation of state for nuclear matter are estimated in a lattice simulation of quantum hadrodynamics on a CRAY Y-MP. In contrast with lattice quantum chromodynamics, where coordinate space methods are the standard, the calculations are carried out in momentum space and on nonhypercubic (irregular) lattices. The quantum corrections to the known, mean-field equation of state were found to be considerable. The time frame of the project and the large computational needs of the program required the use of powerful supercomputers, like the CRAY Y-MP, which are capable of performing at a very high computing speed by using both vector and parallel hardware, the latter being exploited by means of autotasking. The paper describes the applied analytical and the numerical methods as well as the changes needed for the program to be executed in parallel. After some code modifications a very efficient version could be obtained on a CRAY Y-MP8/832, leading to an overall performance of 2.13 gigaflops

The ADEBAR project: European and international provision of analytical data from structure elucidation and analytical characterization of NPS.

Novel substances for which none or limited analytical data are available constitute a challenge for police and customs forensic laboratories. The time-consuming process of structural elucidation and acquisition of analytical data has been centralized in the ADEBAR project in Germany, co-funded since 2017 by the EU's Internal Security Fund. The project aims to comprehensively characterize substances relevant for forensic-toxicological casework within the analytical competence network. The analytical datasets are distributed digitally through European and (inter)national channels. Additionally, pharmacological evaluation allows for estimating in vivo potency and potential harm required as scientific evidence for legislative amendments. The ADEBAR project contributes to the availability of analytical data on new substances relevant to the daily work of police and customs laboratories. Since the inception of the ADEBAR project, 549 samples have been registered, and 302 substance reports notified to the EMCDDA, including numerous spectrometric and spectroscopic data. In addition, 3,619 mass spectra have been accumulated in ADEBAR mass spectra databases. A central institution for the structure elucidation and acquisition of valid, high-quality analytical data for police and customs forensic laboratories and forensic medicine institutes is important in the future because there does not seem to be an end to the dynamic of novel NPS appearing on the drug market