Die operative Behandlung der Azetabulum-T-Fraktur über eine chirurgische Hüftluxation oder einen Stoppa-Zugang

Zusammenfassung : Operationsziel : Anatomische Reposition und stabile Osteosynthese mit weichteilschonenden Zugängen. Indikationen : Dislozierte Azetabulum-T-Frakturen. Chirurgische Hüftluxation: Bei größerer Dislokation des hinteren Pfeilers im Vergleich zum vorderen Pfeiler, transtektalen Frakturen, zusätzlichen intraartikulären Fragmenten, Gelenkimpaktion. Stoppa-Zugang: Bei größerer Dislokation des vorderen Pfeilers im Vergleich zum hinteren Pfeiler. Bei schwieriger Reposition sind u.U. zwei Zugänge notwendig. Kontraindikationen : Alter der Frakturen > 15 Tage (dann eher klassischer ilio inguinaler oder erweiterter iliofemoraler Zugang). Stoppa-Zugang: Suprapubischer Blasenkatheter und abdominale Problematik, z.B. nach Laparotomie aufgrund viszeraler Verletzungen (dann eher klassischer ilioinguinaler Zugang). Operationstechnik : Chirurgische Hüftluxation: Seitenlage. Gerade laterale Inzision über Trochanter major und Spalten des Gibson-Intervalls. Digastrische Trochanterosteotomie unter Schonung der Arteria circumflexa femoris medialis. Eröffnung des Intervalls zwischen Musculus piriformis und Musculus gluteus minimus. Z-förmige Kapsulotomie. Luxation des Femurkopfes. Reposition des hinteren Pfeilers und Osteosynthese mit einer Rekonstruktionsplatte über dem dorsalen Pfeiler. Reposition des vorderen Pfeilers und Fixation mit Zugschraube in Richtung des oberen Schambeinasts. Stoppa-Zugang: Rückenlage. Pfannenstiel-Inzision, Längsspalten der Rektusscheide. Spalten des Musculus rectus abdominis. Stumpfe Eröffnung des Retzius-Raums. Ligatur einer allfälligen Corona mortis. Stumpfe Präparation der quadrilateralen Fläche und des vorderen Pfeilers. Reposition des vorderen Pfeilers und Fixation mit einer Rekonstruktionsplatte. Fixation des hinteren Pfeilers über Schrauben. Falls notwendig, zusätzliche Eröffnung des ersten Fensters des klassischen ilioinguinalen Zugangs. Weiterbehandlung : Während der Hospitalisation regelmäßige Behandlung auf der passiven Bewegungsschiene mit maximal 90° Flexion. Nach chirurgischer Hüftluxation keine aktive Abduktion, keine passive Adduktion über die Mittellinie mit Überkreuzen der Beine, kein Heben des gestreckten Beins. 10-15 kg Teilbelastung an zwei Unterarmgehstöcken während 8 Wochen. Anschließend erste klinische und radiologische Nachkontrolle und je nach Befund schrittweiser Übergang zur Vollbelastung. Thromboseprophylaxe bis zur Vollbelastung. Ergebnisse : 17 Patienten mit einem mittleren Nachuntersuchungszeitraum von 3,2 Jahren. Zehn Patienten wurden via chirurgische Hüftluxation, zwei über Stoppa-Zugang und fünf über einen kombinierten oder alternativen Zugang operiert. Anatomische Reposition gemäß Matta-Kriterien bei zehn der zwölf Patienten (83%) ohne primäre endoprothetische Versorgung. Mittlere Operationszeit 3,3 h für chirurgische Hüftluxation und 4,2 h für Stoppa-Zugang. Komplikationen umfassten eine verzögerte Trochanterheilung, heterotope Ossifikationen Grad II-III nach Brooker bei einem Patienten sowie einen sekundären Repositionsverlust. Es wurden keine Hüftkopfnekrosen beobachtet. Bei zwei Patienten musste im Verlauf trotz anatomischer Rekonstruktion des Gelenks aufgrund einer sekundären Koxarthrose eine Hüfttotalprothese implantiert werde

Die offene Therapie des femoroazetabulären Impingements

Zusammenfassung: Operationsziel: Aufhebung eines femoroazetabulären Impingementkonflikts und Herstellung eines schmerzfreien, normalen Bewegungsumfangs. Indikationen: Femoroazetabuläres Impingement jeglicher Art (Cam/Pincer) und Lokalisation (anterior/posterior). Kontraindikationen: Absolut: Fortgeschrittene Koxarthrose, Infektionen im Bereich des Operationssitus. Relativ: Massive Retroversion des Azetabulums mit defizitärer Hinterwand. Operationstechnik: Chirurgische Hüftluxation: Seitenlage. Gerade laterale Inzision über dem Trochanter major und Eingehen in das Gibson-Intervall. Digastrische Trochanterosteotomie unter Schonung des tiefen Astes der Arteria circumflexa femoris medialis. Eröffnung des Intervalls zwischen Musculus piriformis und Musculus gluteus minimus. Z-förmige Kapsulotomie. Luxation des Femurkopfes. Ablösen des Labrums. Trimmen des azetabulären Überstands. Refixation des Labrums. Herstellung eines suffizienten femoralen Kopf-Hals-Übergangs. Kapselnaht. Refixation des Trochanters. Weiterbehandlung: Während der Hopitalisierung regelmäßige Behandlung auf der passiven Bewegungsschiene mit maximal 90° Flexion. Keine aktive Abduktion, keine passive Adduktion über die Mittellinie, kein Heben des gestreckten Beins, 10-15 kg Teilbelastung an zwei Unterarmgehstöcken während 6 Wochen. Anschließend erste klinische und radiologische Nachkontrolle und je nach Befund schrittweiser Übergang zur Vollbelastung. Thromboseprophylaxe bis zur Vollbelastung. Ergebnisse: Kurz- und mittelfristig fand sich eine Verbesserung des postoperativen klinischen Scores (Merle-d'Aubigné-Score) bei 95% aller Patienten, je nach vorbestehendem Arthrosegrad. Gute bis exzellente Ergebnisse wurden in 91% der Fälle erzielt. Die kumulative 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate betrug 91% (Endpunkt Hüfttotalprothese oder schwacher Merle-d'Aubigné-Score). Langzeitergebnisse stehen noch au

Surgical hip dislocation with relative femoral neck lengthening and retinacular soft-tissue flap for sequela of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

OBJECTIVE Correction of post-LCP (Legg-Calve-Perthes) morphology using surgical hip dislocation with retinacular flap and relative femoral neck lengthening for impingent correction reduces the risk of early arthritis and improves the survival of the native hip joint. INDICATIONS Typical post-LCP deformity with external and internal hip impingement due to aspherical enlarged femoral head and shortened femoral neck with high riding trochanter major without advanced osteoarthritis (Tönnis classification ≤ 1) in the younger patient (age < 50 years). CONTRAINDICATIONS Advanced global osteoarthritis (Tönnis classification ≥ 2). SURGICAL TECHNIQUE By performing surgical hip dislocation, full access to the hip joint is gained which allows intra-articular corrections like cartilage and labral repair. Relative femoral neck lengthening involves osteotomy and distalization of the greater trochanter with reduction of the base of the femoral neck, while maintaining vascular perfusion of the femoral head by creation of a retinacular soft-tissue flap. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT Immediate postoperative mobilization on a passive motion device to prevent capsular adhesions. Patients mobilized with partial weight bearing of 15 kg with the use of crutches for at least 8 weeks. RESULTS In all, 81 hips with symptomatic deformity of the femoral head after healed LCP disease were treated with surgical hip dislocation and offset correction between 1997 and 2020. The mean age at operation was 23 years; mean follow-up was 9 years; 11 hips were converted to total hip arthroplasty and 1 patient died 1 year after the operation. The other 67 hips showed no or minor progression of arthrosis. Complications were 2 subluxations due to instability and 1 pseudarthrosis of the lesser trochanter; no hip developed avascular necrosis

Femoral morphology and epiphyseal growth plate changes of the hip during maturation: MR assessments in a 1-year follow-up on a cross-sectional asymptomatic cohort in the age range of 9-17years

Objectives: The goal of this prospective study was to characterize the morphology and physeal changes of the femoral head during maturation using MRI in a population-based group of asymptomatic volunteers. Materials and methods: Sixty-four pupils (127 hips) of 331 pupils from a primary and high school were asked to take part in this study and were willing to participate. 3T MRI of the hip was obtained at baseline and 1-year follow-up. With these images, we analyzed the femoral morphology and epiphyseal changes related to age, status of the physis, and location on the femur. Results: The radius of the femoral head and neck increased with age, as expected, (p0.05). Building groups by using the epiphyseal status, we found that the epiphyseal extension had the highest changes in the "open" group and almost stopped in the "closed" group. The tilt angle did not change significantly (p>0.05). Significant smaller alpha-angles were found in the "closed" group, however, these were in a normal range in all of them. Correlated to the position, the highest alpha-angle values were located in anterior-superior and superior-anterior position. Conclusions: Our data can be used as normative values, which can be compared to patients or cohorts with certain risk factors (e.g., professional athletes), this will offer the chance to detect and understand pathological change

Application of the reversed LISS-DF technique in an elderly patient to salvage infection-related failure of trochanteric fracture fixation.

Failure of cephalomedullary fixation in geriatric trochanteric fractures is a potential complication. Attempts have been made to optimize the implant fixation (e. g. cement augmentation) and several factors (e. g. malreduction, tip apex distance) have been identified as risk factors for failure. Nevertheless, if intramedullary fixation fails, it is often associated with bone defects in mostly preexisting poor bone-stock. Accordingly, conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) is recommended by some authors as the only valid treatment option. However, in specific situations (e. g. implant associated infection) conversion to THA might be less reasonable than an attempt to re-osteosynthesis. This article reports on the successful use of a reversed contralateral LISS-DF (LISS for the distal femur, DePuy Synthes, Zuchwil, Switzerland) application after failed cephalomedullary fixation and failed re-osteosynthesis using a blade plate in a trochanteric fracture in an elderly patient with additional implant associated infection

Acetabular reinforcement ring in primary total hip arthroplasty: a minimum 10-year follow-up

Introduction: We report the results of a titanium acetabular reinforcement ring with a hook (ARRH) in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), which was introduced in 1987 and continues to be used routinely in our center. The favorable results of this device in arthroplasty for developmental dysplasia and difficult revisions motivated its use in primary THA. With this implant only minimal acetabular reaming is necessary, anatomic positioning is achieved by placing the hook around the teardrop and a homogenous base for cementing the polyethylene cup is provided. Materials and methods: Between April 1987 and December 1991, 241 THAs with insertion of an ARRH were performed in 178 unselected, consecutive patients (average age 58years; range 30-84years) with a secondary osteoarthrosis in 41% of the cases. Results: At the time of the latest follow-up, 33 patients (39 hips) had died and 17 cases had been lost to follow-up. The median follow-up was 122months with a minimum of 10years. Eight hips had been revised, leaving 177 hips in 120 living patients without revision. Six cups were revised because of aseptic loosening. Two hips were revised for sepsis. The mean Merle d'Aubigné score for the remaining hips was 16 (range 7-18) at the latest follow-up. For aseptic loosening, the probability of survival of the cup was 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.94-0.99). However, analysis of radiographs implied loosening in seven other cups without clinical symptoms. Conclusions: The results of primary THA using an acetabular reinforcement ring parallel the excellent results of these implants often observed in difficult primary and revision arthroplasty at a minimum of 10years. Survivorship is comparable to modern cementless implants. Medial migration that occurs with loosening of the acetabular component seems to be prevented with this implant. Radiographic loosening signs can exist without clinical symptom

A Bibliometric Analysis of Fragility Fractures: Top 50.

Background and Objectives: The population is aging and fragility fractures are a research topic of steadily growing importance. Therefore, a systematic bibliometric review was performed to identify the 50 most cited articles in the field of fragility fractures analyzing their qualities and characteristics. Materials and Methods: From the Core Collection database in the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge, the most influential original articles with reference to fragility fractures were identified in February 2021 using a multistep approach. Year of publication, total number of citations, average number of citations per year since year of publication, affiliation of first and senior author, geographic origin of study population, keywords, and level of evidence were of interest. Results: Articles were published in 26 different journals between 1997 and 2020. The number of total citations per article ranged from 12 to 129 citations. In the majority of publications, orthopedic surgeons and traumatologists (66%) accounted for the first authorship, articles mostly originated from Europe (58%) and the keyword mostly used was "hip fracture". In total, 38% of the articles were therapeutic studies level III followed by prognostic studies level I. Only two therapeutic studies with level I could be identified. Conclusions: This bibliometric review shows the growing interest in fragility fractures and raises awareness that more high quality and interdisciplinary studies are needed