Acoustic Properties of Lanthanum-Samarium Phosphate Glasses

From measurements of changes in transit time of 10 MHz of ultrasonic waves as a function of temperature and hydrostatic pressure, the acoustic properties of (La203)x(Sm203)y(P20,,) (l-x-y) glasses with compositions near to that corresponding to the metaphosphate have been determined. For each glass, the second order elastic stiffness tensor components Cij ' (SOEC) continue to increase down to 10 Kin a manner consistent with phonon interactions with tVi'Qlevel systems. Measurements of the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the ultrasonic wave velocities have been used to determine the hydrostatic pressure derivatives (dCij/dP) T,P=O of the SOEC and (dBo'/ dP) T,P=O of the bulk modulus Bo at room temperature (293K). For these glasses, (dCll/dP), (dC44/dP), and (dBo / dP), are small but positive; the corresponding glasses stiffen under pressure. The elastic behaviour under pressure of these glasses lies intermediate between those of (Sm203)y(P20,,),(I_x) and (La20:1)y(P20,,) (I-x) glasses. Replacement of La3+ by Sm3+ in the temary phosphate glasses drives a slight acoustic mode softening. Possible. sources of the different effect of La:>+ and Sm3+ modifiers on the nonlinear acoustic properties of metaphosphate glasses are discussed

Specific-heat Study of Low-energy Vibrational State m Vitreous Samarium Phosphates

Measurements of specific heat in the temperature range 1.5K to 30K were made for two samples of vitreous samarium phosphates. A large contribution to the specific heat, well above what is expected from acoustic phonons (in the Debye approximation), is discussed in terms of the theoretical predictions of a phonon-fracton cross-over approach. The phonon-fracton density of states used to fit the excess specific heat gives rise to model parameters with the same magnitudes as those found previously for a wide range of glasses

The development and validation of maternal spiritual characteristics scale.

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a family counseling instrument that measures maternal spiritual characteristics. Particularly, the instrument aims to measure three domains of spirituality namely, Maternal Piety, Mercy and Accountability. These characteristics are considered as the characteristics for functional Muslim mothers. The study is designed into three phases. The first phase is a pilot study of a focus group from an Islamic Integrated Primary School (IIPS). In this phase, Cronbach’s alpha is employed to assess the reliability index. Accordingly, Principle Component Analysis is employed to explore the underlying dimensions of Maternal Piety, Mercy and Accountability. The second phase is an ex-post facto study that involved 12 IIPS in the Klang Valley of Malaysia. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is utilized to examine the construct validity of the instrument. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to investigate the relationship between maternal spiritual characteristics and mother-child attachment as supporting evidence for the criterion-related validity. The third phase was a cross-sectional study that involved 1000 students (age 13-17) from various secondary schools (inclusive of religious and non religious schools) of 4 states in Malaysia. In this phase, multistage cluster sampling technique is employed to select 200 students from each age group of Form 1,2,3,4 and 5. The results provide evidence that the instrument has sound psychometrics properties. This instrument has succeeded the standard Cronbach’s alpha > .70 for internal consistency and proportion variance explained > 50 % for the dimensions of Maternal Piety , Mercy and Accountability . The goodness-of -fit measures GFI, AGFI, IFI, TLI, and CFI > .90 and RMSEA < .08 are evidences for construct validity. Moreover, the criterion-related validity is supported with the findings of significant positive relationship between maternal spiritual characteristics and mother-child attachment. In short, Maternal Spiritual Characteristics Scales (MSCS) is a reliable and valid instrument. Hence, it may be used for the assessment in family counseling and other related studies

The relation of career indecision and parental attachment among Iranian undergraduate students.

Career indecision particularly among college and undergraduate students is a concern of counselors and psychologists. This concern has led to numerous research studies related to career indecision and factors that influence it, such as family relationships. In this regard, several studies have reported a significant relationship between career indecision and parental attachment. However, little research has been undertaken on the influence of this factor in regard to career indecision for Iranian students. For this purpose, 158 Iranian freshmen and sophomores who had completed the ‘Career Decision Scale’ (Osipow et al., Journal of Vocational Behavior 9:233–243, 1976) and had been identified as career-undecided, completed the ‘Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment-Revised’ (Armsden & Greenberg, Journal of Youth and Adolescence 16:427–453, 1987). The results revealed that a significant negative relationship was found between career indecision and attachment to mother, whilst the relationship between career indecision and attachment to father was not significant. However, regression analysis showed parental attachment did not significantly predict career indecision of students. Implications and recommendations for further research are discussed

Acoustic and thermal vibrational behavior of rare earth glasses

The ultrasonic wave velocity and the thermal expansion of the rare earth glasses have been measured as functions of temperature and pressure to test predictions of the soft potential model for the acoustic and thermal properties. The longitudinal ultrasonic wave velocities increase under pressure. The hydrostatic pressure derivative of the bulk modulus is positive: these glasses show a normal elastic response as compressed. However, the pressure derivative of the shear modulus is negative and small, indicating weak softening of shear modes under pressure. The results found are used to determine the Grüneisen parameters. This is to obtain the acoustic mode contribution to thermal expansion. After subtraction of the relaxation and anharmonic contributions, the temperature dependence of the shear wave ultrasound velocity follows a linear law as predicted by the Soft Potential Model

Fault Detection with Optimum March Test Algorithm

This paper presents a research work aimed to detect previously-undetected faults, either Write Disturb Faults (WDFs) or Deceptive Read Destructive Faults (DRDFs) or both in March Algorithm such as MATS++(6N), March C-(10N), March SR(14N), and March CL(12N). The main focus of this research is to improve fault coverage on Single Cell Faults as well as Static Double Cell Faults detection, using specified test algorithm. Transition Coupling Faults (CFtrs), Write Destructive Coupling Faults (CFwds) and Deceptive Read Destructive Faults (CFdrds) are types of faults mainly used in this research. The experiment result published in [1] shows BIST (Built-In-Self-Test) implementation with the new algorithm. It provides the same test length but with bigger area overhead, we therefore proposed a new 14N March Test Algorithm with fault coverage of more than 95% using solid 0s and 1s Data Background (DB). This paper reveals the design methodology to generate DB covers all memories function by applying non-transition data, transition data, and single read and double read data. The automation hardware was designed to give the flexibility to the user to generate other new March Algorithm prior to the selected algorithm and analyzed the performance in terms of fault detection and power consumption