Enhancing Proton Conduction in a Metal–Organic Framework by Isomorphous Ligand Replacement

Using the concept of isomorphous replacement applied to entire ligands, a <i>C</i>₃-symmetric trisulfonate ligand was substituted with a <i>C</i>₃-symmetric tris­(hydrogen phosphonate) ligand in a proton conducting metal–organic framework (MOF). The resulting material, PCMOF2¹/₂, has its proton conduction raised 1.5 orders of magnitude compared to the parent material, to 2.1 × 10^–2 S cm^–1 at 90% relative humidity and 85 °C, while maintaining the parent MOF structure

Achieving Superprotonic Conduction in Metal–Organic Frameworks through Iterative Design Advances

Two complementary design strategies, isomorphous ligand replacement and heterocycle doping, have been applied to iteratively enhance the proton conductivity of a metal–organic framework, β-PCMOF2. The resulting materials, PCMOF2¹/₂(Pz) and PCMOF2¹/₂(Tz) (Pz = 1<i>H</i>-pyrazole, Tz = 1<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazole), have their proton conduction raised almost 2 orders of magnitude compared to β-PCMOF2. The bulk conductivities of these materials are over 10^–1 S cm^–1 at 85 °C and 90% relative humidity (RH), while maintaining the parent MOF structure. A solid state synthetic route for doping 1-D channels is also presented