785 research outputs found
MReD: A Meta-Review Dataset for Structure-Controllable Text Generation
When directly using existing text generation datasets for controllable
generation, we are facing the problem of not having the domain knowledge and
thus the aspects that could be controlled are limited. A typical example is
when using CNN/Daily Mail dataset for controllable text summarization, there is
no guided information on the emphasis of summary sentences. A more useful text
generator should leverage both the input text and the control signal to guide
the generation, which can only be built with a deep understanding of the domain
knowledge. Motivated by this vision, our paper introduces a new text generation
dataset, named MReD. Our new dataset consists of 7,089 meta-reviews and all its
45k meta-review sentences are manually annotated with one of the 9 carefully
defined categories, including abstract, strength, decision, etc. We present
experimental results on start-of-the-art summarization models, and propose
methods for structure-controlled generation with both extractive and
abstractive models using our annotated data. By exploring various settings and
analyzing the model behavior with respect to the control signal, we demonstrate
the challenges of our proposed task and the values of our dataset MReD.
Meanwhile, MReD also allows us to have a better understanding of the
meta-review domain.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted at ACL 202
Realigned Hardy's Paradox
Hardy's paradox provides an all-versus-nothing fashion to directly certify
that quantum mechanics cannot be completely described by local realistic
theory. However, when considering potential imperfections in experiments, like
imperfect entanglement source and low detection efficiency, the original
Hardy's paradox may induce a rather small Hardy violation and only be realized
by expensive quantum systems. To overcome this problem, we propose a realigned
Hardy's paradox. Compared with the original version of Hardy's paradox, the
realigned Hardy's paradox can dramatically improve the Hardy violation. Then,
we generalize the realigned Hardy's paradox to arbitrary even dichotomic
measurements. For and cases, the realigned Hardy's paradox can
achieve Hardy values approximate and
respectively compared with of the original Hardy's paradox. Meanwhile,
the structure of the realigned Hardy's paradox is simpler and more robust in
the sense that there is only one Hardy condition rather than three conditions.
One can anticipate that the realigned Hardy's paradox can tolerate more
experimental imperfections and stimulate more fascinating quantum information
applications.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Recommended from our members
LNK suppresses interferon signaling in melanoma.
LNK (SH2B3) is a key negative regulator of JAK-STAT signaling which has been extensively studied in malignant hematopoietic diseases. We found that LNK is significantly elevated in cutaneous melanoma; this elevation is correlated with hyperactive signaling of the RAS-RAF-MEK pathway. Elevated LNK enhances cell growth and survival in adverse conditions. Forced expression of LNK inhibits signaling by interferon-STAT1 and suppresses interferon (IFN) induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. In contrast, silencing LNK expression by either shRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 potentiates the killing effect of IFN. The IFN-LNK signaling is tightly regulated by a negative feedback mechanism; melanoma cells exposed to IFN upregulate expression of LNK to prevent overactivation of this signaling pathway. Our study reveals an unappreciated function of LNK in melanoma and highlights the critical role of the IFN-STAT1-LNK signaling axis in this potentially devastating disease. LNK may be further explored as a potential therapeutic target for melanoma immunotherapy
Update of from the form factor at zero recoil with three-flavor lattice QCD
We compute the zero-recoil form factor for the semileptonic decay
(and modes related by isospin and charge
conjugation) using lattice QCD with three flavors of sea quarks. We use an
improved staggered action for the light valence and sea quarks (the MILC
\asqtad\ configurations), and the Fermilab action for the heavy quarks. Our
calculations incorporate higher statistics, finer lattice spacings, and lighter
quark masses than our 2008 work. As a byproduct of tuning the new data set, we
obtain the and hyperfine splittings with few-MeV accuracy. For the
zero-recoil form factor, we obtain , where the
first error is statistical and the second is the sum in quadrature of all
systematic errors. With the latest HFAG average of experimental results and a
cautious treatment of QED effects, we find . The
QCD error is now commensurate with the experimental error.Comment: 53 pages, 12 figures; expanded discussion of correlator fits, typos
corrected, conforms to version published in PR
form factors for new-physics searches from lattice QCD
The rare decay arises from flavor-changing
neutral currents and could be sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model.
Here, we present the first - QCD calculation of the
tensor form factor . Together with the vector and scalar form factors
and from our companion work [J. A. Bailey , Phys. Rev. D
92, 014024 (2015)], these parameterize the hadronic contribution to
semileptonic decays in any extension of the Standard Model. We obtain the total
branching ratio in
the Standard Model, which is the most precise theoretical determination to
date, and agrees with the recent measurement from the LHCb experiment [R. Aaij
, JHEP 1212, 125 (2012)]. Note added: after this paper was submitted
for publication, LHCb announced a new measurement of the differential decay
rate for this process [T. Tekampe, talk at DPF 2015], which we now compare to
the shape and normalization of the Standard-Model prediction.Comment: V3: Corrected errors in results for Standard-Model differential and
total decay rates in abstract, Fig. 3, Table IV, and outlook. Added new
preliminary LHCb data to Fig. 3 and brief discussion after outlook. Replaced
outdated correlation matrix in Table III with correct final version. Other
minor wording changes and references added. 7 pages, 4 tables, 3 figure
decay form factors from three-flavor lattice QCD
We compute the form factors for the semileptonic decay
process in lattice QCD using gauge-field ensembles with 2+1 flavors of sea
quark, generated by the MILC Collaboration. The ensembles span lattice spacings
from 0.12 to 0.045 fm and have multiple sea-quark masses to help control the
chiral extrapolation. The asqtad improved staggered action is used for the
light valence and sea quarks, and the clover action with the Fermilab
interpretation is used for the heavy quark. We present results for the form
factors , , and , where is the momentum
transfer, together with a comprehensive examination of systematic errors.
Lattice QCD determines the form factors for a limited range of , and we
use the model-independent expansion to cover the whole kinematically
allowed range. We present our final form-factor results as coefficients of the
expansion and the correlations between them, where the errors on the
coefficients include statistical and all systematic uncertainties. We use this
complete description of the form factors to test QCD predictions of the form
factors at high and low . We also compare a Standard-Model calculation of
the branching ratio for with experimental data.Comment: V2: Fig.7 added. Typos text corrected. Reference added. Version
published in Phys. Rev.
Refining new-physics searches in B -> D tau nu decay with lattice QCD
The semileptonic decay channel B -> D tau nu is sensitive to the presence of
a scalar current, such as that mediated by a charged-Higgs boson. Recently the
BaBar experiment reported the first observation of the exclusive semileptonic
decay B -> D tau nu, finding an approximately 2-sigma disagreement with the
Standard-Model prediction for the ratio R(D)=BR(B->D tau nu)/BR(B->D l nu),
where l=e,mu. We compute this ratio of branching fractions using hadronic form
factors computed in unquenched lattice QCD and obtain R(D) = 0.316(12)(7),
where the errors are statistical and total systematic, respectively. This
result is the first Standard-Model calculation of R(D) from ab initio full QCD.
Its error is smaller than that of previous estimates, primarily due to the
reduced uncertainty in the scalar form factor f_0(q^2). Our determination of
R(D) is approximately 1-sigma higher than previous estimates and, thus, reduces
the tension with experiment. We also compute R(D) in models with electrically
charged scalar exchange, such as the type II two-Higgs doublet model. Once
again, our result is consistent with, but approximately 1-sigma higher than,
previous estimates for phenomenologically relevant values of the scalar
coupling in the type II model. As a byproduct of our calculation, we also
present the Standard-Model prediction for the longitudinal polarization ratio
P_L (D)= 0.325(4)(3).Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. References and text added. Fig. 3 R(D)
in 2HDM II corrected and conclusions modified. Standard-Model R(D) unchange
B_s->D_s/B->D Semileptonic Form-Factor Ratios and Their Application to BR(B^0_s->\mu^+\mu^-)
We calculate form-factor ratios between the semileptonic decays
\bar{B}->D^+\ell^-\bar{\nu} and \bar{B}_s->D_s^+\ell^-\bar{\nu} with lattice
QCD. These ratios are a key theoretical input in a new strategy to determine
the fragmentation fractions of the neutral B decays, which are needed for
measurements of BR(B^0_s-> \mu^+\mu^-). We use the MILC ensembles of gauge
configurations with 2+1 flavors of sea quarks at two lattice spacings of
approximately 0.12 fm and 0.09 fm. We use the model-independent
z-parametrization to extrapolate our simulation results at small recoil toward
maximum recoil. Our results for the form-factor ratios are
and
. In
contrast to a QCD sum-rule calculation, no significant departure from U-spin
(ds) symmetry is observed.Comment: 30 pages, 11 figures. Fig. 1 updated. Table II added. Conforms with
version published in Physical Review D, except typos fixed, as in the PRD
Erratum, in Table V (previously Table IV in arXiv v1). Results unchange
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