Enzymes involved in chrysolaminarin biosynthesis and metabolism identified by annotation of the <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

1<p>In cases where multiple transcripts have been aligned with the associated enzymes in the model organisms, average similarity is reported.</p>2<p>NM denotes that the annotated transcripts did not match the sequence of corresponding enzyme in model organisms.</p

COG annotations of putative proteins.

<p>All putative proteins were aligned to the COG database and can be classified functionally into at least 25 molecular families. A, RNA processing and modification; B, Chromatin structure and dynamics; C, Energy production and conversion; D, Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning; E, Amino acid transport and metabolism; F, Nucleotide transport and metabolism; G, Carbohydrate transport and metabolism; H, Coenzyme transport and metabolism; I, Lipid transport and metabolism; J, Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis; K, Transcription; L, Replication, recombination and repair; M, Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis; N, Cell motility; O, Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones; P, Inorganic ion transport and metabolism; Q, Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism; R, General function prediction only; S, Function unknown; T, Signal transduction mechanisms; U, Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport; V, Defense mechanisms; W, Extracellular structures; Y, Nuclear structure; Z, Cytoskeleton.</p

Fatty acid biosynthesis pathway reconstructed based on the <i>de novo</i> assembly and annotation of <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

<p>Identified enzymes are shown in boxes and include: ACCase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC: 6.4.1.2); MAT, malonyl-CoA ACP transacylase (EC: 2.3.1.39); KAS, 3-ketoacyl ACP synthase (KAS I, EC: 2.3.1.41; KASII, EC: 2.3.1.179; KAS III, EC: 2.3.1.180); KAR, 3-ketoacyl ACP reductase (EC: 1.1.1.100); HD, 3-hydroxy acyl-CoA dehydratase (EC: 4.2.1.-); EAR, enoyl-ACP reductase (NADH) (EC: 1.3.1.9); AAD, Δ9 Acyl-ACP desaturase (EC: 1.14.19.2); OAT, oleoyl-ACP thioesterase (EC: 3.1.2.14); Δ12D, Δ12(ω6)-desaturase (EC: 1.4.19.6); Δ15D, Δ15(ω3)-desaturase (EC: 1.4.19.-); Δ5D, Δ5- desaturase(EC: 1.14.99.-), Δ6D, Δ6- desaturase(EC: 1.14.99.-) and Δ6E, Δ6-elongase (EC: 6.21.3.-). The fatty acid biosynthesis pathway in <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> produces saturated, PA, palmitic acid (16:0) and SA, stearic acid (18:0), and unsaturated fatty acids OA, oleic acid (18:1ω9); LA, linoleic acid (18:2ω6); ALA, α-linolenic acid (18:3ω3); SDA, stearidonic acid (18:4ω3); ETA, eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4ω3) and EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω3).</p

Enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism identified by annotation of the <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

1<p>In cases where multiple transcripts have been aligned with the associated enzymes in the model organisms, average similarity is reported.</p>2<p>NM denotes that the annotated transcripts did not match the sequence of corresponding enzyme in model organisms.</p

Annotation of non-redundant consensus sequences.

<p>All 14,982 CDS sequences generated by ESTscan were annotated though Swissprot, Nr, GO, KEGG, and COG databases.</p

Statistics of Illumina short read assembly quality.

<p>The length distribution of <i>de novo</i> assembly for contigs and Unigenes is shown. 1, 200; 2, 300; 3, 400; 4, 500; 5, 600; 6, 700; 7, 800; 8, 900; 9, 1,000; 10, 1,100; 11, 1,200; 12, 1,300; 13, 1,400; 14, 1,500; 15, 1,600; 16,1,700; 17, 1,800; 18, 1,900; 19, 2,000; 20, 2,100; 21, 2,200; 22, 2,300; 23, 2,400; 24, 2,500; 25, 2,600; 26, 2,700; 27, 2,800; 28, 2,900; 29, 3,000; 30, >3,000.</p

Triacylglycerol biosynthesis pathway reconstructed based on the <i>de novo</i> assembly and annotation of <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

<p>Identified enzymes are shown in boxes and include: GK, glycerol kinase (EC: 2.7.1.30); GPAT, glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase (EC: 2.3.1.15); AGPAT, lyso-phosphatidic acid acyl transferase (EC:2.3.1.51); PP, phosphatidate phosphatase (EC: 3.1.3.4); DGAT, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (EC: 2.3.1.20) and PDAT, phopholipid: diacyglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.158). G-3-P, glycerol-3-phosphate; Lyso-PA, lyso-phosphatidic acid; PA, phosphatidic acid; DAG, diacylglycerol; PC, phosphatidylcholine and TAG, triacylglycerol.</p

Summary for the <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

<p>Summary for the <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.</p

Chrysolaminarin biosynthesis and degradation pathway reconstructed based on the <i>de novo</i> assembly and annotation of <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

<p>Identified enzymes are shown in boxes and include: UGPase, UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC: 2.7.7.9); UDPG, chrysolaminarin synthase (EC: 2.4.1.34); exo-Glu, exo-1,3-β-glucanase (EC: 3.2.1.58); endo-Glu, endo-1,3-β-glucanase (EC: 3.2.1.39) and BGL, β-glucosidases (EC: 3.2.1.21). G-1-P, glucose-1-phosphate; PPi, pyrophosphate.</p

Glycolysis pathway reconstructed based on the <i>de novo</i> assembly and annotation of <i>E.</i> cf. <i>polyphem</i> transcriptome.

<p>Identified enzymes are shown in boxes and include: HK, hexokinase (EC:2.7.1.1); GCK, glucokinase (EC: 2.7.1.2); G6PI, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (EC: 5.3.1.9); PFK, phosphofructokinase-6 (EC: 2.7.1.11); FBA, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (EC:4.1.2.13); TPI, triose-phosphate isomerase (EC: 5.3.1.1); GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC: 1.2.1.9, 1.2.1.12); GPDH, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC:1.1.1.8); PGK, phosphoglycerate kinase (EC: 2.7.2.3); PGAM, phosphoglycerate mutase (EC: 5.4.2.1); ENO, enolase (EC: 4.2.1.11); PK, pyruvate kinase (EC: 2.7.1.40); PDC, pyruvate decarboxylase (EC: 4.1.1.1); ADH, alcohol dehydrogenase (EC: 1.1.1.1); PDHC, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex consisting of PDHB, pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) (EC: 1.2.4.1), DLAT, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (EC: 2.3.1.12), DLD, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (EC: 1.8.1.4). G-6-P, glucose-6-phosphate; F-6-P, fructose 6-phosphate; FBP, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate; GA3P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; G-3-P, glycerol-3-phosphate; 1,3BPG, 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate; 3PG, 3-phosphoglycerate; 2PG, 2-phosphoglycerate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate.</p