Factors Interfering with Delineation on MRCP of Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction in Paediatric Patients

<div><p>Background</p><p>The aim of this study was to assess factors for delineating the pancreaticobiliary junction in the presence of pediatric congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) using Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).</p><p>Methods</p><p>Retrospective review of medical records for 48 patients with CCC was conducted, including demographics, biliary amylase and MRCP findings if available. With univariate and multivariate logistic regression, we measured significant factors affecting pancreaticobiliary maljunction(PBM) diagnoses by MRCP.</p><p>Results</p><p>Of the subjects enrolled with CCC. Twenty-eight cases had PBM according to MRCP. Univariate analysis confirmed that age, cyst diameter > 30 mm and cysts that descended to the introitus pelvis affected junctional delineation and detection of PBM (P<0.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed large cysts in the introitus pelvis predicted pancreaticobiliary junctional delineation in MRCP and these data agreed with the literature. A correlation between cyst diameter and the length of the common channel was found as was cyst diameter and biliary amylase although there were no significant differences between them.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Age, cyst diameter >30 mm and descending cysts into the introitus pelvis affected junctional delineation of the pancreatic and bile duct in PBM with MRCP. Large cyst descension into the introitus pelvis was an independent factors affecting PBM detection.</p></div

An Analysis Scheme of Balancing Energy Consumption with Mobile Velocity Control Strategy for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSN) are not yet fully functional and robust due to the fact that their setting parameters assume fixed control velocity and location. This study proposes a novel scheme of the WRSN with mobile sink (MS) velocity control strategies for charging nodes and collecting its data in WRSN. Strip space of the deployed network area is divided into sub-locations for variant corresponding velocities based on nodes energy expenditure demands. The points of consumed energy bottleneck nodes in sub-locations are determined based on gathering data of residual energy and expenditure of nodes. A minimum reliable energy balanced spanning tree is constructed based on data collection to optimize the data transmission paths, balance energy consumption, and reduce data loss during transmission. Experimental results are compared with the other methods in the literature that show that the proposed scheme offers a more effective alternative in reducing the network packet loss rate, balancing the nodes&rsquo; energy consumption, and charging capacity of the nodes than the competitors

Study on the Formation of Novel Threadlike Structure through Intravenous Injection of Heparin in Rats and Refined Observation in Minipigs

Objective. To study if the novel threadlike structure (NTS) was caused by coagulation during injecting urethane intraperitoneally and the source of NTS. Methods. Twenty-two SD rats were anaesthetized by urethane injected intraperitoneally. Heparin was injected at 5 minutes before the anaesthesia from femoral vein in 11 rats, and saline was given in the other 11 rats randomly. Six Chinese minipigs were carried to look for NTS. One sample was taken to be stained by DAPI/Phalloidin and observed by a laser scanning confocal microscope. Results. In the group of heparin, 10 rats were found to have NTS with appearance rate of 90.9%, and 9 rats were found to have NTS with the appearance rate of 80.1%. Both groups have 1.81 average numbers of NTS in each rat without significant difference (P>0.05). In the observation of pigs, the NTS was found to prolong from the serous membranes of abdominal wall and organ surface. Histological observation showed elongated nuclei and alignment which is similar to the characteristics of PVS. Conclusion. There is no strong evidence to say that the NTS on organ surface was caused by coagulation of blood. The source of NTS might be a prolonged structure from serous membrane in abdominal cavity during the development and more or less retained after birth

Stepwise logistic regression model for significant affecting factors of detection of PBM by MRCP.

<p>Stepwise logistic regression model for significant affecting factors of detection of PBM by MRCP.</p

A 9-year old female with PBM, MRCP showed the cylindricality dilataion of the cyst.

<p>A 9-year old female with PBM, MRCP showed the cylindricality dilataion of the cyst.</p

A 2-year old male with PBM, MRCP showed the fusiformis dilataion of the cyst.

<p>A 2-year old male with PBM, MRCP showed the fusiformis dilataion of the cyst.</p

A 1-year old female with cyst descension into the introitus pelvis.

<p>A, Pancreatic and common channel was not detected in MRCP. B, Axis T2WI imaging showed the cyst descension into introitus pelvis. Inflammatory adhesion can be found in the lower-right side of the cyst. C, contrast-enhanced multislice spiral computed tomography (multiplanar reformation imaging) showed the cyst occupies large intra-abdominal space, displacement of vessels, modified the pelvic and duodenal anatomy.</p

Correlation between diameter of cyst and related factors.

<p>Correlation between diameter of cyst and related factors.</p

A 2-year old female with PBM, MRCP showed the spheroidal dilataion of the cyst.

<p>A 2-year old female with PBM, MRCP showed the spheroidal dilataion of the cyst.</p