THE USE OF MANDAMUS TO COMPEL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS TO CONFER DEGREES

Hispolon is an active phenolic compound of <i>Phellinus igniarius</i>, a mushroom that was recently shown to have antioxidant and anticancer activities in various solid tumors. Here, the molecular mechanisms by which hispolon exerts anticancer effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells was investigated. The results showed that hispolon suppressed cell proliferation in the various AML cell lines. Furthermore, hispolon effectively induced apoptosis of HL-60 AML cells through caspases-8, -9, and -3 activations and PARP cleavage. Moreover, treatment of HL-60 cells with hispolon induced sustained activation of JNK1/2, and inhibition of JNK by JNK1/2 inhibitor or JNK1/2-specific siRNA significantly abolished the hispolon-induced activation of the caspase-8/-9/-3. In vivo, hispolon significantly reduced tumor growth in mice with HL-60 tumor xenografts. In hispolon-treated tumors, activation of caspase-3 and a decrease in Ki67-positive cells were observed. Our results indicated that hispolon may have the potential to serve as a therapeutic tool to treat AML

The distributions of demographical characteristics in 1200 controls and 876 male patients with oral cancer.

<p>The distributions of demographical characteristics in 1200 controls and 876 male patients with oral cancer.</p

Frequencies of <i>AURKA</i> haplotypes in OSCC patients and control subjects.

<p>Frequencies of <i>AURKA</i> haplotypes in OSCC patients and control subjects.</p

Combined effect of betel quid chewing and <i>AURKA</i> haplotypes on OSCC development.

<p>Combined effect of betel quid chewing and <i>AURKA</i> haplotypes on OSCC development.</p

Genotyping and allele frequency of <i>AURKA</i> single nucleotide polymorphism in oral cancer and normal controls.

<p>Genotyping and allele frequency of <i>AURKA</i> single nucleotide polymorphism in oral cancer and normal controls.</p

Assessment of the Anti-invasion Potential and Mechanism of Select Cinnamic Acid Derivatives on Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

Patients with lung adenocarcinoma are often diagnosed with metastasizing symptoms and die of early and distal metastasis. Metastasis is made up of a cascade of interrelated and sequential steps, including cell adhesion, extracellular matrix degradation, cell movement, and invasion. Hence, substances carrying the ability to stop one of the metastasis-associated steps could be a potential candidate for preventing tumor cells from metastasizing and prolonging the life of cancer patients. Cinnamic acid (CA) was demonstrated to be such a candidate for human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of CA derivatives on invasion of lung cancer cells is still unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the mechanisms underlying several select CA derivatives against invasion of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The results revealed that caffeic acid (CAA), chlorogenic acid (CHA), and ferulic acid (FA) can inhibit phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated invasion of A549 cells at a concentration of ≥100 μM. The MMP-9 activity was suppressed by these compounds through regulating urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and PAI-2; the cell-matrix adhesion was decreased by CAA only. The proposed molecular mechanism involved not only decreasing the signaling of MAPK and PI3K/Akt but also inactivating NF-κB, AP-1, and STAT3. In the present study, we selected CAA, CHA, and FA as potential inhibitors for invasive behaviors of human lung adenocarcinoma cells and disclosed the possible mechanisms. The association between structural features and anti-invasive activity of these compounds cannot be determined here and needs to be further verified

Effect of <i>AURKA</i> rs2064863 polymorphism on clinical statuses in 786 male oral cancer.

<p>Effect of <i>AURKA</i> rs2064863 polymorphism on clinical statuses in 786 male oral cancer.</p

Characteristics of case and control groups.

<p>Characteristics of case and control groups.</p

Risk of pyogenic liver abscess in pneumonia patients by number of hospitalizations for pneumonia at specific time-point before index date.

<p>Risk of pyogenic liver abscess in pneumonia patients by number of hospitalizations for pneumonia at specific time-point before index date.</p

Unconditional logistic regression of estimated odds ratios for PLA after propensity score matching.

<p>Unconditional logistic regression of estimated odds ratios for PLA after propensity score matching.</p