Study of machine parameters in twin-screw extruder for pulses based extrudate

Legumes are prime source of plant proteins, calories and other nutrients. Extrusion cooking of legumes increases the digestibility of legume protein. Extrusion technology has been applied to generate analogues of foods made from animal products, as well as snacks using blends of various plant raw materials e.g. oil seeds [soybeans, peanut with a cereal flour]. Present work was under taken for producing extruded product from pigeon pea. The legumes viz. pigeon pea and Bengal gram were cleaned and ground to required particle size by multipurpose grinder mill to pass through sieve ASTM No. 20. The moisture content of sample was adjusted to 14% moisture level (w.b.). Before extrusion, the feed was allowed to come to ambient temperature and then remixed, after checking its moisture content. The twin-screw food extruder was used and then different extrudates were prepared using feed rate and feed moisture. The effect in incorporation of dehulled pigeon pea product character tics was studied. The bulk density and tapping density of pigeon pea flour was found to be 0.4809×10-3 g/mm3 and 0.719×10-3 g/mm3 respectively. Then the moisture content of pigeon pea flour was calculated and found to be 9.08% (w.b.) and different sample were prepared of 14% and 20% (w.b.). Now the thousand kernels was determined and found to be at average of 30.778. The dimension were taken on the basis of length, width, and thickness and calculated at the average of 4.47 mm, 4.221 mm, and 1.82 mm

IMPACT OF COVID-19 AND ONLINE EDUCATION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF MEMBERS OF EDUCATIONAL SPHERE-A CASE STUDY

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), the enormously transmissible disease resulting due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent, instigated a dreadful outcome ensuing worldwide emergency with its rapid spread and greater mortality rate resulting in grievous disruptions. It arose as the greatest substantial world-wide health catastrophe ever since the period of influenza pandemic of 1918, causing more than 3.7 million deaths worldwide. The influence of this pandemic was ascertained in every arena of life on a worldwide level. COVID-19 has devastated many countries, thrashing our health care system besides having a major impact on the academic sector encompassing an enormous number of students, teachers along with staff members. With the implementation of the lock-down the offline classes were substituted for the online mode not only in India but globally. This has chiefly prompted an effect on the mental health of people apart from their physical health. Mental well-being has a vital significance and the spread of pandemic has accelerated a series of mental disorders ranging from anxiety, stress to depressive disorders. This review, based on questionnaires prepared using the perceived stress scale method compiles the response data of how COVID-19 has affected the mental health of students and members of the educational sphere. Not only this but it shows a contrast between the offline and the new tech-friendly online classes. Thus, this survey study reflects on creating a framework for the academic sector to aid in resolving and helping people manifested with mental health issues so as to lead a normal healthy lifestyle

Nuclear pore protein NUP210 depletion suppresses metastasis through heterochromatin-mediated disruption of tumor cell mechanical response.

Mechanical signals from the extracellular microenvironment have been implicated in tumor and metastatic progression. Here, we identify nucleoporin NUP210 as a metastasis susceptibility gene for human estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer and a cellular mechanosensor. Nup210 depletion suppresses lung metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer. Mechanistically, NUP210 interacts with LINC complex protein SUN2 which connects the nucleus to the cytoskeleton. In addition, the NUP210/SUN2 complex interacts with chromatin via the short isoform of BRD4 and histone H3.1/H3.2 at the nuclear periphery. In Nup210 knockout cells, mechanosensitive genes accumulate H3K27me3 heterochromatin modification, mediated by the polycomb repressive complex 2 and differentially reposition within the nucleus. Transcriptional repression in Nup210 knockout cells results in defective mechanotransduction and focal adhesion necessary for their metastatic capacity. Our study provides an important role of nuclear pore protein in cellular mechanosensation and metastasis

CLIC4 and Schnurri-2: A dynamic duo in TGFβ signaling with broader implications in cellular homeostasis and disease

CLIC4 is a highly conserved, multifunctional member of the chloride intracellular channel family of proteins. The protein is largely cytoplasmic but translocates to the nucleus upon a variety of stimuli including TGFβ, TNFα and etoposide. Nuclear resident CLIC4 causes growth arrest, terminal differentiation and apoptosis. Recently, it was discovered that TGFβ causes CLIC4 to associate with Schnurri-2 and together they translocate to the nucleus and dissociate thereafter. The nuclear function of CLIC4 was further illuminated by the discovery that CLIC4 enhances TGFβ signaling by associating with phospho-Smad2 and 3 and preventing their dephosphorylation. Enhanced TGFβ dependent gene expression and growth inhibition are downstream consequences of this activity of CLIC4. In this article, we speculate on other consequences of the CLIC4 relation to TGFβ signaling and the potential for CLIC4 to participate in other cellular functions related to normal homeostasis and disease

Prediction of Ready Queue Processing Time in Multiprocessor Environment Using Lottery Scheduling (ULS)

While in multi-user environment, CPU has to manage lot of requests generated over the same time. Waiting queue of processes generates a problem of scheduling for processors. Designers and hardware architects have suggested system of multiprocessors to overcome the queue length. Lottery scheduling is one such method where processes in waiting queue are selected through a chance manner. This opens a way to use probability models to get estimates of system parameters. This paper is an application where the processing time of jobs in ready queue is predicted using the sampling method under the k-processors environment (k>1).The random selection of one process by each of k processors through without replacement method is a sample data set which helps in the prediction of possible ready queue processing time. Some theorems are established and proved to get desired results in terms of confidence intervals