6 research outputs found
Additional file 1 of Associations between patterns of blood heavy metal exposure and health outcomes: insights from NHANES 2011–2016
Additional file 1: Table S1. Analysis of Differences in Heavy Metal Concentrations Among Three Patterns in NHANES 2011-2012. Table S2. Analysis of Differences in Heavy Metal Concentrations Among Three Patterns in NHANES 2013-2014. Table S3. Analysis of Differences in Heavy Metal Concentrations Among Three Patterns in NHANES 2015-2016
The Prevalence and Incidence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Its Associated Factors among Village Doctors in China
<div><p>Background</p><p>China is a high tuberculosis (TB) burden country. More than half of acute TB cases first seek medical care in village doctors’ clinics or community health centers. Despite being responsible for patient referral and management, village doctors are not systematically evaluated for TB infection or disease. We assessed prevalence and incidence of latent TB infection (LTBI) among village doctors in China.</p><p>Methods and Findings</p><p>A longitudinal study was conducted in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. We administered a questionnaire on demographics and risk factors for TB exposure and disease; Tuberculin skin testing (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube assay (QFT-GIT) was conducted at baseline and repeated 12 months later. We used a logistic regression model to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for risk factors for TST and QFT-GIT prevalence and incidence. At the time of follow up, 19.5% of the 880 participating village doctors had a positive TST and 46.0% had a positive QFT-GIT result. Factors associated with TST prevalence included having a BCG scar (OR = 1.45, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.03–2.04) and smoking (OR = 1.69, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.17–2.44). Risk factors associated with QFT-GIT prevalence included being male (OR = 2.17, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.63–2.89), below college education (OR=1.42, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.01–1.97), and working for ≥25 years as a village doctor (OR = 1.64, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.12–2.39). The annual incidence of LTBI was 11.4% by TST and 19.1% by QFT-GIT. QFT-GIT conversion was associated with spending 15 minutes or more per patient on average (OR = 2.62, 95%<i>CI </i>1.39–4.97) and having BCG scar (OR = 0.53, 95%<i>CI </i>0.28–1.00).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Prevalence and incidence of LTBI among Chinese village doctors is high. TB infection control measures should be strengthened among village doctors and at village healthcare settings.</p></div
The prevalence of LTBI detected by QFT-GIT and its associated factors among village doctors in 2012.
<p>The prevalence of LTBI detected by QFT-GIT and its associated factors among village doctors in 2012.</p
Factors associated with LTBI conversion detected by TST (n = 465)<sup>*</sup>.
<p>*The criterion used for incidence was baseline TST<10mm, follow up TST<u>></u>10mm.</p><p>Factors associated with LTBI conversion detected by TST (n = 465)<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0124097#t005fn001" target="_blank"><sup>*</sup></a>.</p
The QFT-GIT results of a baseline cross-sectional survey in December 2011 and the follow-up survey in December 2012 of village doctors in two counties in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
<p>The QFT-GIT results of a baseline cross-sectional survey in December 2011 and the follow-up survey in December 2012 of village doctors in two counties in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.</p
The prevalence of LTBI detected by TST (>10mm) and its associated factors among village doctors in 2012.
<p>The prevalence of LTBI detected by TST (<u>></u>10mm) and its associated factors among village doctors in 2012.</p