Red Aesthetics, Intermediality and the Use of Posters in Chinese Cinema after 1949

Abstract: This article focuses on the aesthetic and affective techniques of saturation through which posters legitimated the Party-State in Mao’s China by closing the gap between everyday experience and political ideology. Propaganda posters were designed to put into practice the principle of unity, as conceptua- lised by Mao Zedong. The argument posits that while the “poster” is normally a printed edition of a painting or design intended for mass distribution in this way, the term may fairly be deployed to capture other cultural objects that function as “posters”, in that they provide public, political information that expresses or con- structs a political self in aesthetic form. This approach requires a metonymic understanding of a visual field in which cultural objects are interrelated and mutually reinforcing. The essay draws on recent in-depth interviews with poster artists of the 1960s and 1970s

Effects of the Ball Milling Process on the Particle Size of Graphene Oxide and Its Application in Enhancing the Thermal Conductivity of Wood

To improve the dispersion of graphene oxide particles in wood for better thermal conductivity, this paper proposes the feasibility of obtaining graphene oxide with a smaller particle size using ball milling and its application in melamine resin-modified poplar veneer. The median diameter of multilayer graphene oxide was measured to learn the effects of different ball milling conditions on the particle size of graphene oxide, and the optimum ball milling process was chosen. In addition, the microscopic characterization of graphene oxide under the optimum ball milling process was carried out to investigate the microstructural changes in multilayer graphene after ball milling. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the graphene oxide/melamine resin-impregnated mixture modified veneer with the optimum ball milling process was also tested. The results show that, under the optimum ball milling process conditions of SDS wet ball milling with a vibration frequency of 30 Hz for 60 min, the particle size of the multilayer graphene was the smallest, and the median diameter could be reduced to 124 nm. Simultaneously, the thermal conductivity of the melamine resin-modified poplar veneer enhanced by the ball-milled graphene reached 0.405 W·m−1·K−1. In addition, it revealed that the number of graphene oxide layers was reduced to four after ball milling. However, the multilayer graphene was partially oxidized, the lamellar structure was destroyed and the crystallinity was reduced

Effects of High-Temperature Heat Treatment Modification by Impregnation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Poplar

To expand the application range of fast-growing poplar, a modification method of poplar impregnated with nano-SiO2 and urea-formaldehyde resin was proposed in this study. Taking the mass ratio of nano-SiO2 mass to the solid content of urea-formaldehyde resin impregnation solution (W), high-temperature (H), and high-temperature time (T) as influencing factors, the effects of impregnation high-temperature heat treatment modification on the physical and mechanical properties of fast-growing poplar were explored. At the same time, the weight loss rate, oven-dry density, dry shrinkage properties, swelling properties, modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the modified poplar were measured. The research results show that both the weight loss rate and the coefficient of variation of the oven-dry density have a high correlation with the temperature; the high-temperature immersion heat treatment can reduce the dry shrinkage and swelling of poplar, improve the dimensional stability, MOR, and MOE. W is 0–1%, H is 160 °C, and T is 2–4 h. The impregnated heat-treated wood has good MOR and MOE. Therefore, the combination of nano-SiO2 and urea-formaldehyde resin impregnation and heat treatment to modify poplar can improve some physical and mechanical properties of fast-growing poplar, expand the use of poplar, increase its added value, and realize high-value utilization

A study of the law of groundwater seepage movement in a confined aquifer under seismic waves

The classical groundwater seepage theory was established on the basis of the principle of water equilibrium, which cannot explain the phenomenon of well water level change caused by natural seismic activities and other external loads, and is not conducive to the in-depth understanding of the role of groundwater seepage movement in various environmental geological disasters. To solve this problem, a mathematical model of pore pressure change of a confined aquifer driven by seismic wave stress is constructed based on the fluid-structure coupling dynamic theory. The numerical verification of the model is realized by using the software Comsol. The change characteristics of well water level are inversely performed by using the Cooper theory, and the results are compared with the change characteristics of well water level caused by strong earthquakes in the Sichian-Yunnan region. The influencing factors of seepage movement of a confined aquifer under earthquake are studied by changing the simulation parameters. The results show that when seismic wave loads act on the confined aquifers, pore pressure oscillates in the same period as the seismic waves, and the amplitude, frequency and hydraulic slope of the seismic waves have significant effects on the pore pressure, while the coefficient of permeability and porosity have little effect on the change characteristics. At the initial stage of seismic wave loading, pore pressure increases rapidly, and then part of the water in the aquifer is slowly discharged. The load pressure gradually transfers to the granular framework, and the rate of change of pore pressure slows down and tends to reach a new equilibrium. The variation characteristics of well water level are closely related to pore pressure, and the oscillation period and variation pattern are consistent with pore pressure, but the amplitude is different. Generally, the oscillation rises and tends to be stable, which is basically the same with the variation pattern of well water level observed in the Sichuan-Yunnan region. The results are of valuable exploration significance for the establishment and improvement of groundwater seepage theory under stress, and can enrich and expand the research ideas and application fields of traditional groundwater dynamics and classical fluid-structure coupling theory

Utjecaj dodatka Tweena 80 i acetona na lučenje, strukturu i antioksidacijsku aktivnost egzopolisaharida iz gljive Lentinus tigrinus

In this study, the effects of the addition of Tween 80 and acetone on secretion, structure and antioxidant activities of Lentinus tigrinus exopolysaccharides (EPS) were investigated. It was found that Tween 80 and acetone displayed a stimulatory effect on EPS secretion. The EPS obtained by the addition of Tween 80 (EPS-T), acetone (EPS-A) and control (EPS-C) were purified by Sepharose CL-6B gel filtration chromatography and molecular mass of purified fractions was estimated to be 22.1, 137 and 12 kDa, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that EPS-T, EPS-A and EPS-C were mainly composed of glucose and mannose. Congo Red test indicated that EPS-T and EPS-A had a highly ordered conformation of triple helix, while EPS-C had a random coil conformation. Furthermore, EPS-A exhibited higher DPPH scavenging and antiproliferative activities than EPS-C and EPS-T, which might be attributed to the molecular mass.U ovom je radu istražen utjecaj dodatka Tweena 80 i acetona podlozi za uzgoj gljive Lentinus tigrinus na lučenje, strukturu i antioksidacijsku aktivnost egzopolisaharida (EPS). Utvrđeno je da Tween 80 i aceton pospješuju lučenje egzopolisaharida. Dobiveni egzopolisaharidi pročišćeni su gel filtracijom na koloni Sepharose CL-6B, a molekularna masa dobivenih frakcija bila je: 22,1 kDa uz dodatak Tween 80 (EPS-T), 137 kDa uz dodatak acetona (EPS-A), te 12 kDa u kontrolnom uzorku (EPS-C). Ispitivanjem monosaharidnog sastava dobivenih egzopolisaharida utvrđeno je da se uglavnom sastoje od glukoze i manoze. Određivanjem strukture egzopolisaharida pomoću bojila Congo Red ustanovljeno je da EPS-T i EPS-A imaju konformaciju trostrukog heliksa, a EPS-C nasumičnu strukturu tzv. slučajnog klupka (engl. random coil). Osim toga, EPS-A imao je veću sposobnost uklanjanja DPPH radikala i izraženiji antiproliferacijski učinak od EPS-C i EPS-T, vjerojatno zbog toga što je imao najveću molekularnu masu

Effect of Tween 80 and Acetone on the Secretion, Structure and Antioxidant Activities of Exopolysaccharides from Lentinus tigrinus

In this study, the effects of the addition of Tween 80 and acetone on secretion, structure and antioxidant activities of Lentinus tigrinus exopolysaccharides (EPS) were investigated. It was found that Tween 80 and acetone displayed a stimulatory effect on EPS secretion. The EPS obtained by the addition of Tween 80 (EPS-T), acetone (EPS-A) and control (EPS-C) were purified by Sepharose CL-6B gel filtration chromatography and molecular mass of purified fractions was estimated to be 22.1, 137 and 12 kDa, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that EPS-T, EPS-A and EPS-C were mainly composed of glucose and mannose. Congo Red test indicated that EPS-T and EPS-A had a highly ordered conformation of triple helix, while EPS-C had a random coil conformation. Furthermore, EPS-A exhibited higher DPPH scavenging and antiproliferative activities than EPS-C and EPS-T, which might be attributed to the molecular mass

Novel NAC Transcription Factor TaNAC67 Confers Enhanced Multi-Abiotic Stress Tolerances in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

<div><p>Abiotic stresses are major environmental factors that affect agricultural productivity worldwide. NAC transcription factors play pivotal roles in abiotic stress signaling in plants. As a staple crop, wheat production is severely constrained by abiotic stresses whereas only a few NAC transcription factors have been characterized functionally. To promote the application of NAC genes in wheat improvement by biotechnology, a novel NAC gene designated <i>TaNAC67</i> was characterized in common wheat. To determine its role, transgenic <i>Arabidopsis</i> overexpressing <i>TaNAC67-GFP</i> controlled by the CaMV-35S promoter was generated and subjected to various abiotic stresses for morphological and physiological assays. Gene expression showed that <i>TaNAC67</i> was involved in response to drought, salt, cold and ABA treatments. Localization assays revealed that TaNAC67 localized in the nucleus. Morphological analysis indicated the transgenics had enhanced tolerances to drought, salt and freezing stresses, simultaneously supported by enhanced expression of multiple abiotic stress responsive genes and improved physiological traits, including strengthened cell membrane stability, retention of higher chlorophyll contents and Na⁺ efflux rates, improved photosynthetic potential, and enhanced water retention capability. Overexpression of <i>TaNAC67</i> resulted in pronounced enhanced tolerances to drought, salt and freezing stresses, therefore it has potential for utilization in transgenic breeding to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crops.</p></div

Highly Polarized SERS Based on Random Working Domains Composed of Nanorod Arrays for Self-Referenced Detection

When Ag film is sputtered onto polystyrene (PS) spheres, the curved Ag nanocaps form with scattered Ag nanoparticles along the brim of the Ag nanocap. Ion etching results in parallel PS nanorods due to the masking effects of the scattered Ag nanoparticles when the Ag cap array is transferred to another substrate with the top down. The highly polarized SERS substrate of random working domains composed of parallel nanorods is prepared when another 5 nm film is deposited. The nanorod diameters range from 10 nm to 20 nm, depending on the sizes of the masking Ag nanoparticles prepared by the magnetron control system and the ion etching process. Compared with other techniques, our nanorods have the advantages of highly ordered patterns in each domain, which show the excellent behavior of the polarized SERS for all PS spheres. This polarized SERS substrate is used to detect thiram with a concentration as low as 10−9 M when the background noise is successfully removed by a self-reference technique

Chromosome location of <i>TaNAC67</i>.

<p>A. Genomic origin of <i>TaNAC67</i> among 20 accessions of wheat and related species. B. Three <i>TaNAC67</i> genes were identified in the A, B and D genomes of hexaploid wheat. AA, <i>T</i>. <i>urartu</i>; SS, <i>Ae</i>. <i>speltoides</i>; DD, <i>Ae</i>. <i>tauschii</i>; AABB, <i>T</i>. <i>diccocoides</i>; AABBDD, <i>T</i>. <i>aestvium</i>; M, 200 bp DNA ladder. C. Chromosome location of <i>TaNAC67</i> genes using 41 nulli-tetrasomic (NT) lines of Chinese Spring. Different <i>TaNAC67</i> genes were missing in each of the NT lines for homoeologous group 6. NT, nulli-tetrasomic line; M, 200 bp DNA ladder. Arrow, pointing at the missing bands in corresponding NT lines.</p