Abietane Diterpenoids from the Roots of <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities

Twelve new abietane diterpenoids (<b>1</b>–<b>12</b>) and 31 known analogues (<b>13</b>–<b>43</b>) were isolated from a medicinal Chinese herb, <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> Thunberg. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> were established on the basis of ECD and X-ray crystallography data, whereas that of <b>4</b> was elucidated by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. Eight diterpenoids, 15,16-dehydroteuvincenone G (<b>1</b>), trichotomin A (<b>4</b>), 2α-hydrocaryopincaolide F (<b>7</b>), villosin C (<b>20</b>), 15-dehydro-17-hydroxycyrtophyllone A (<b>22</b>), demethylcryptojaponol (<b>38</b>), 6β-hydroxydemethylcryptojaponol (<b>39</b>), and trichotomone (<b>43</b>), exerted inhibitory effects against NO production with IC₅₀ values of 5.6–16.1 μM. The structure–activity relationships of the isolated diterpenoids are also estimated

Abietane Diterpenoids from the Roots of <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities

Twelve new abietane diterpenoids (<b>1</b>–<b>12</b>) and 31 known analogues (<b>13</b>–<b>43</b>) were isolated from a medicinal Chinese herb, <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> Thunberg. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> were established on the basis of ECD and X-ray crystallography data, whereas that of <b>4</b> was elucidated by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. Eight diterpenoids, 15,16-dehydroteuvincenone G (<b>1</b>), trichotomin A (<b>4</b>), 2α-hydrocaryopincaolide F (<b>7</b>), villosin C (<b>20</b>), 15-dehydro-17-hydroxycyrtophyllone A (<b>22</b>), demethylcryptojaponol (<b>38</b>), 6β-hydroxydemethylcryptojaponol (<b>39</b>), and trichotomone (<b>43</b>), exerted inhibitory effects against NO production with IC₅₀ values of 5.6–16.1 μM. The structure–activity relationships of the isolated diterpenoids are also estimated

Abietane Diterpenoids from the Roots of <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities

Twelve new abietane diterpenoids (<b>1</b>–<b>12</b>) and 31 known analogues (<b>13</b>–<b>43</b>) were isolated from a medicinal Chinese herb, <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> Thunberg. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> were established on the basis of ECD and X-ray crystallography data, whereas that of <b>4</b> was elucidated by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. Eight diterpenoids, 15,16-dehydroteuvincenone G (<b>1</b>), trichotomin A (<b>4</b>), 2α-hydrocaryopincaolide F (<b>7</b>), villosin C (<b>20</b>), 15-dehydro-17-hydroxycyrtophyllone A (<b>22</b>), demethylcryptojaponol (<b>38</b>), 6β-hydroxydemethylcryptojaponol (<b>39</b>), and trichotomone (<b>43</b>), exerted inhibitory effects against NO production with IC₅₀ values of 5.6–16.1 μM. The structure–activity relationships of the isolated diterpenoids are also estimated

Abietane Diterpenoids from the Roots of <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities

Twelve new abietane diterpenoids (<b>1</b>–<b>12</b>) and 31 known analogues (<b>13</b>–<b>43</b>) were isolated from a medicinal Chinese herb, <i>Clerodendrum trichotomum</i> Thunberg. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> were established on the basis of ECD and X-ray crystallography data, whereas that of <b>4</b> was elucidated by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. Eight diterpenoids, 15,16-dehydroteuvincenone G (<b>1</b>), trichotomin A (<b>4</b>), 2α-hydrocaryopincaolide F (<b>7</b>), villosin C (<b>20</b>), 15-dehydro-17-hydroxycyrtophyllone A (<b>22</b>), demethylcryptojaponol (<b>38</b>), 6β-hydroxydemethylcryptojaponol (<b>39</b>), and trichotomone (<b>43</b>), exerted inhibitory effects against NO production with IC₅₀ values of 5.6–16.1 μM. The structure–activity relationships of the isolated diterpenoids are also estimated

Analysis of the Amine Submetabolome Using Novel Isotope-Coded Pyrylium Salt Derivatization and LC-MS: Herbs and Cancer Tissues as Cases

The amine submetabolome, including amino acids (AAs) and biogenic amines (BAs), is a class of small molecular compounds exhibiting important physiological activities. Here, a new pyrylium salt named 6,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl isochromenylium tetrafluoroborate ([d0]-DMMIC) with stable isotope-labeled reagents ([d3]-/[d6]-DMMIC) was designed and synthesized for amino compounds. [d0]-/[d3]-/[d6]-DMMIC-derivatized had a charged tag and formed a set of molecular ions with an increase of 3.02 m/z and the characteristic fragment ions of m/z 204.1:207.1:210.1. When DMMIC coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a systematic methodology evaluation for quantitation proved to have good linearity (R2 between 0.9904 and 0.9998), precision (interday: 2.2–21.9%; intraday: 1.0–19.7%), and accuracy (recovery: 71.8–108.8%) through the test AAs. Finally, the methods based on DMMIC and LC-MS demonstrated the advantaged application by the nontargeted screening of BAs in a common medicinal herb Senecio scandens and an analysis of metabolic differences among the amine submetabolomes between the carcinoma and paracarcinoma tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 20 BA candidates were discovered in S. scandens as well as the finding of 13 amine metabolites might be the highest-potential differential metabolites in ESCC. The results showed the ability of DMMIC coupled with LC-MS to analyze the amine submetabolome in herbs and clinical tissues