Geochronology and geochemistry of the late Neoproterozoic A-type granitic clasts in the southwestern Tarim Craton: petrogenesis and tectonic implications

<p>Due to sparse data for deciphering the late Neoproterozoic tectonic history, there is still considerable debate on whether long-lasting superplume-related or long-duration subduction-related dynamics dominated the Tarim Craton. In this contribution, our field investigations detail the late Neoproterozoic siliciclastic successions, and we report the first granitic conglomerates with zircon U–Pb ages of 753.9 ± 3.7 Ma in the SW Tarim Craton. Importantly, detrital zircons from the thick Cryogenian sedimentary basin also contain a major zircon population at ca. 750 Ma. Together with seismic data, this suggests a large ca. 750 Ma magmatic event in the SW Tarim Craton. Geochemically, the granitic clasts exhibit A-type granite features with high SiO₂, high alkali but extremely low K, high FeO^T/MgO and Ga/Al, and high high-field strength elements (HFSEs) (i.e. Nb, Hf, and Ta) with significant depletion in Rb, K, Sr, P, Eu, and Ti, and significant negative Eu anomalies (Eu* = 0.13–0.36), showing ferroan granite affinities. Including the detrital zircons, the ca. 750 Ma zircons have a large range of negative εHf(t) values (−19.46 to −1.16). Elemental and zircon Hf isotope data suggest that the granites were derived from Palaeoproterozoic reworked continental crust and are probably related to crustal thinning and extension. By comparison with previous studies, we conclude that Rodinia breakup was diachronous in the outer parts of the supercontinent.</p

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Construction of Multifunctional Hydrogels via a Supramolecular Self-Assembled Strategy with Ultrahigh Sensitivity to Strain Responsiveness

Intelligent electronic devices have been diffusely used in health detection, energy storage, and biomedicine based on their autonomy, flexibility, and adaptive improvement, but traditional materials have the drawbacks of limited flexibility, instability, and inadequate reusability. Herein, poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogels with efficient self-healing performance and high-precision sensing performance were constructed by a supramolecular self-assembled strategy based on electrostatic interactions, metal coordination, and hydrogen bonds. This hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 102.9 kPa and an elongation at break of 990% with good fatigue resistance and self-recovery ability. The hydrogel also displayed good light transmission and UV-shielding effects, as well as good adhesion ability on different materials. Besides, the hydrogel had an electrical conductivity of 0.98 S/m, which could light up a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb when connected in a circuit. Based on these great features, the hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with gauge factor values of 4.00 and 17.00 within the strain ranges of 0–200 and 600–800%, respectively. The hydrogel could be applied not only for large human movements but also for detecting subtle movements. Most importantly, the hydrogel exhibited a great self-healing property, which could almost self-heal within 6 h with a healing efficiency of 99%. Therefore, this work provides a multifunctional hydrogel construction method, and the prepared hydrogels displayed great potential application in the strain sensor field

Locally Altering the Electronic Properties of Graphene by Nanoscopically Doping It with Rhodamine 6G

We show that Rhodamine 6G (R6G), patterned by dip-pen nanolithography on graphene, can be used to locally n-dope it in a controlled fashion. In addition, we study the transport and assembly properties of R6G on graphene and show that in general the π–π stacking between the aromatic components of R6G and the underlying graphene drives the assembly of these molecules onto the underlying substrate. However, two distinct transport and assembly behaviors, dependent upon the presence or absence of R6G dimers, have been identified. In particular, at high concentrations of R6G on the tip, dimers are transferred to the substrate and form contiguous and stable lines, while at low concentrations, the R6G is transferred as monomers and forms patchy, unstable, and relatively ill-defined features. Finally, Kelvin probe force microscopy experiments show that the local electrostatic potential of the graphene changes as function of modification with R6G; this behavior is consistent with local molecular doping, highlighting a path for controlling the electronic properties of graphene with nanoscale resolution

OWL-Based Nanomasks for Preparing Graphene Ribbons with Sub-10 nm Gaps

We report a simple and highly efficient method for creating graphene nanostructures with gaps that can be controlled on the sub-10 nm length scale by utilizing etch masks comprised of electrochemically synthesized multisegmented metal nanowires. This method involves depositing striped nanowires with Au and Ni segments on a graphene-coated substrate, chemically etching the Ni segments, and using a reactive ion etch to remove the graphene not protected by the remaining Au segments. Graphene nanoribbons with gaps as small as 6 nm are fabricated and characterized with atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The high level of control afforded by electrochemical synthesis of the nanowires allows us to specify the dimensions of the nanoribbon, as well as the number, location, and size of nanogaps within the nanoribbon. In addition, the generality of this technique is demonstrated by creating silicon nanostructures with nanogaps

Positionally Defined, Binary Semiconductor Nanoparticles Synthesized by Scanning Probe Block Copolymer Lithography

We report the first method for synthesizing binary semiconductor materials by scanning probe block copolymer lithography (SPBCL) in desired locations on a surface. In this work, we utilize SPBCL to create polymer features containing a desired amount of Cd²⁺, which is defined by the feature volume. When they are subsequently reacted in H₂S in the vapor phase, a single CdS nanoparticle is formed in each block copolymer (BCP) feature. The CdS nanoparticles were shown to be both crystalline and luminescent. Importantly, the CdS nanoparticle sizes can be tuned since their diameters depend on the volume of the originally deposited BCP feature

Image_1_Targeting JUN, CEBPB, and HDAC3: A Novel Strategy to Overcome Drug Resistance in Hypoxic Glioblastoma.JPEG

Hypoxia is a predominant feature in glioblastoma (GBM) and contributes greatly to its drug resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms which are responsible for the development of the resistant phenotype of GBM under hypoxic conditions remain unclear. To analyze the key pathways promoting therapy resistance in hypoxic GBM, we utilized the U87-MG cell line as a human GBM cell model and the human brain HEB cell line as a non-neoplastic brain cell model. These cell lines were cultured in the presence of 21, 5, and 1% O2 for 24 h. We detected the changes in transcriptional profiling and analyzed the biological processes and functional interactions for the genes with different expression levels under different hypoxia conditions. The results indicated that those alterations of U87-MG cells presented specific transcriptional signature in response to diverse hypoxia levels. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the genes related to the DNA replication and cell cycle were suppressed, while the genes involved in tissue and system development to promote cancer development were activated following hypoxia. Moreover, functional interaction analysis suggested that the epigenetic regulator HDAC3 and the transcriptional factors CEBPB and JUN played a central role in organ and system developmental process pathway. Previous studies reported the global alterations caused by activation of HDAC3, CEBPB, and JUN could form the molecular basis of the resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy of hypoxic GBM. In our study, the significant growth inhibitory effect of temozolomide on hypoxic GBM cells could be promoted under downregulation of these genes. The experiment suggested that HDAC3, CEBPB, and JUN were closely involved in the drug-resistance phenotype of hypoxic GBM. In summary, we profiled the hypoxia-dependent changes in the transcriptome of the U87-MG cell line and the human brain cell line HEB to identify the transcriptional signatures of U87-MG cells and elucidate the role of hypoxia in the drug-resistant phenotype of GBM. Furthermore, we identified three key genes and explored their important roles in the drug resistance of hypoxic GBM.</p