Gaussian Beams as a Mathematical Model of the Signal of Short-range Radar Systems

Предложена математическая модель ближней радиолокации с учетом дифракции электромагнитных волн. В качестве модели полей используются пучки Гаусса — Эрмита. Объект представлен в виде произвольной поверхности идеального металла, расположенной в поле излучателя. Получены соотношения для комплексного коэффициента отражения. Приведены некоторые конкретные примеры влияния дифракции отраженного от объекта излучения на сигнал системы ближней радиолокации.The mathematical model of short-range radiolocation with the diffraction effects is proposed. The Gaussian beams are used as a field mode. The object surface is presented by an arbitrary surface of an ideal metal. The surface is situated in the field of the radiator. The formula for the complex reflection coefficient is obtained. Some specific examples of the influence of diffraction of the reflected from the object radiation on the short-range radar systems signal are given in the paper

Photoacoustic effect in micro- and nanostructures: numerical simulations of Lagrange equations

The  work  provides  the  description  of  theoretical  and  numerical  modeling  techniques of thermomechanical effects that take place in absorbing micro- and nanostructures of different materials under the action of pulsed laser radiation. A proposed technique of the numerical simulation is based on the solution of equations of motion of continuous media in the form of Lagrange for spatially inhomogeneous media. This model allows calculating fields of temperature, pressure, density, and velocity of the medium depending on the parameters of laser pulses and the characteristics of micro- and nanostructures.The  work  provides  the  description  of  theoretical  and  numerical  modeling  techniques of thermomechanical effects that take place in absorbing micro- and nanostructures of different materials under the action of pulsed laser radiation. A proposed technique of the numerical simulation is based on the solution of equations of motion of continuous media in the form of Lagrange for spatially inhomogeneous media. This model allows calculating fields of temperature, pressure, density, and velocity of the medium depending on the parameters of laser pulses and the characteristics of micro- and nanostructures

The Role of Pre-Action Procedure in Settlement of Disputes in Transportation in Russia

One of the peculiarities of the liability of the transport operator under the contract of transit of the cargo is in the presence in such a relationship of necessary pre-action procedure of disputes prior to recourse of the consignor or consignee to the court for protection of their violated rights. Compliance with the complaint procedure is carried out by requiring the transport operator the claims by the consignor or consignee. The general rule about the presence in relations of the transit of cargo of mandatory complaint procedure is established in the Civil code of the Russian Federation, at the same time, a more detailed regulation of the complaint procedure, namely the direction of the claim, the timing of consideration of the consequences of refusal in satisfaction of requirements shall is determined by transportation rules and codes, which leads to differentiated legal regulation of relations on the complaint procedure on the settlement of disputes in the sphere of cargo transportation. Despite the fact that the complaint procedure on the settlement of disputes plays a significant role in social relations, in the legislation of the Russian Federation there is no developed mechanism to encourage voluntary compliance, which leads to the fact that in the Russian practice complaint procedure is regarded rather as an additional encumbrance to the person whose rights were violated in the process of transit of cargo. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s3p9

Effective actions on the squashed three-sphere

The effective actions of a scalar and massless spin-half field are determined as functions of the deformation of a symmetrically squashed three-sphere. The extreme oblate case is particularly examined as pertinant to a high temperature statistical mechanical interpretation that may be relevant for the holographic principle. Interpreting the squashing parameter as a temperature, we find that the effective `free energies' on the three-sphere are mixtures of thermal two-sphere scalars and spinors which, in the case of the spinor on the three-sphere, have the `wrong' thermal periodicities. However the free energies do have the same leading high temperature forms as the standard free energies on the two-sphere. The next few terms in the high-temperature expansion are also explicitly calculated and briefly compared with the Taub-Bolt-AdS bulk result.Comment: 23 pages, JyTeX. Conclusion slightly amended, one equation and minor misprints correcte