Clinical features and prognosis of Japanese patients with anomalous origin of the coronary artery

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科　Anomalous origin of the coronary artery can lead to angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction or even sudden death in the absence of atherosclerosis. However, in Japan, this anomaly is usually treated medically rather than surgically. To clarify the clinical features of anomalous origin of the coronary artery in Japanese and the prognosis of such patients who are treated medically, we reviewed 56 patients with anomalous origin of the coronary arteries, The mean age of these patients was 55.9±11.5 years. Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva was seen most frequently (78.6%). In contrast, we found no cases of anomalous origin of the left corolnary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva traversing between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. A history of syncope (14.3%) and aortic regurgitation (21.4%) was frequent and serious complications during exercise stress testing occurred in 5 patients. These patients were treated medically, such as by limiting exercise or by the oral administration of medicine. During the follow up period (mean 5.64.2 years), death directly related to anomalous origin of the coronary artery was not found despite the lack of surgical treatment. Our results suggest that the prognosis of these middle-aged-tolelderly patients without atherosclerosis is relatively good, despite the lack of surgical treatment

Man-Machine Interfaceの健康科学的考察とその応用（第1報） : 医療機器における検討

Man-machine-interface in medical instruments was studied from the view point of health science. 1) Two kinds of man-machine relationships exist in the medical man-machine system ; firstly a relation between medical staffs and machine, and secondly one between patients and machine. 2) The information in the man-machine system flows from a patient to a medical staff in diagnostic instruments, and reversely in instruments for treatments. 3) Necessary conditions for man-machine interface are safety, non invasiveness, reliability, speed and efficiency, simplicity, handling, beautifulness and creativeness. 4) A new concept for man-machine-interface was proposed and applied for medical man-machine system. The image for the new concept is explained as change from the interface to the bond

Differentiation between patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy and those with anterior acute myocardial infarction

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科　Background: There has not been a comparison of the electrocardiographic (ECG) finding of ST-segment elevation in the precordial leads in patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) and those with anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with regard to the location of the culprit lesion. Methods and Results: The present study evaluated 18 patients with TC, and 85 with anterior AMI who were divided into 3 groups: group A had the culprit lesion proximal to both the first septal branch (S1) and the first diagonal branch (D1), group B had the culprit lesion proximal to either S1 or D1, and group C had the culprit lesion distal to both S1 and D1. In patients with TC, reciprocal ST-segment depression in the inferior leads was observed less frequently than in patients in groups A (p<0.0001) and B (p=0.0002), and abnormal Q waves and ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads were observed more frequently than in group A (p=0.0007, p=0.0057, respectively). The ECG findings in TC did not differ from those in group C. Conclusion: Electrocardiographic findings may differentiate TC from AMI with a proximal lesion of left anterior descending coronary artery, but not those with distal lesions

Weight Loss by Diet System

This study was to clarify the effects of diet system by new concept on body weight reduction for overweight men and women. Percent body fat of subjects was 36.43+-8.27%. Calory intake on diet was ranged from 920 to 1,020Kcal/day for 2 months. Significant reduction was found both body weight and body fat by this diet system for 2 months. However, LBM in this group was kept constant throughout 2 months. Maximal oxygen intake in this group was increased after 2 months. It was concluded that calory restriction by this diet system for overweight adults was effective to reduce body weight, and that maximal aerobic power was increased

Exercise Treatment to Low Physical Fitness Level\u27s Patients in Water

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate oxygen intake, heart rate and exercise intensity during walking in flowmill with low physical fitness level\u27s patients. Subjects were five patients (age:67 years old; stature:161.9+-8.3cm; body weight: 54.0+-5.8kg; %Fat:15.43+-7.34%). Exercise was treadmill(flowmill) walking in water(water flow and treadmill speed:20,30, and 40m/min, respectively). Patients could walk at different three speeds in water. Relationship between heart rate and oxygen intake was linear, and relationship between walking speed and oxygen intake was exponential in exercise. So, it would be suggested that walking in water by the flowmill for low physical fitness patients who could not do self-walking was useful as exercise treatment

Physiological and Biochemical Changes during Golf Play with Special Reference to the Comparison of Those during Daily Life (1st Report)

Physiological and biochemical changes during golf play were studied in 3 males (58±5.3 years), compared with those during daily life. Conventional ECG and Holter ECG were used to detect physiological parameters, and chemical parameters, including CPK and catecholamine, were measured. The same study was done at the same time of just a week before the golf play. CPK, Catecholamine and heart rate were increased during the golf play, compared with those before the golf play. Neither arrhythmias nor ST-T abnormalities were shown during the golf play in two cases, although ventricular premature contraction and supraventricular contraction appeared in the initial stage of the golf play in one case (case C). One of those (Case B) showed the most increment of both heart rate and norepinephrine among the cases just after the play in the 9th hole, resulting in the stoppage of golf play because of abnormal fatigue. Another case (case A) showed the least increment of heart rate and the best score among the cases during the golf play. He only showed the smaller urine norepinephrine during the golf play than during the daily life, although the others showed the higher norepinephrine during the golf play than during the daily life. Case C showed the modest increment of heart rate during the golf play and the highest value of urine epinephrine among the cases during both the golf play and the daily life. These results suggest that the physiological and biochemical effects of the golf play differ with such physical activity, age and character