Thelotomy in a dairy buffalo after ultrasonographic diagnosis

Teat stenosis was surgically treated by thelototomy and excision of fibrous stenosis following teat ultrasonography to determine the location and extent of the lesion in a dairy water buffal

Assessment of Oxytocin Level in Patients with Manic Depressive Disorders

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major health concern, with lifetime prevalence. In the United States estimated to be as high as 16.2%. Although, a number of pharmacological agents are available to treat, approximately 30–40% of patients do not respond to treatment. Therefore, a major emphasis in modern psychiatric research is to uncover the underlying etiology of mood disorders, and to develop novel efficacious antidepressant treatments. Oxytocinmay be of therapeutic benefit in these patients.Objective: To assess the level of oxytocin in patients with major depressive disorders.Patients and methods: A case-control study was conducted on sixty subjects above eighteen years old. They were classified into: 20 naïve patients during the manic attack of bipolar manic depressive disorder (group I), 20 naïve patients during the depressive attack of bipolar manic depressive disorder (group II) and 20 normal control subjects (group ІІІ). All participants were subjected to full history, clinical examination and laboratory measurement of oxytocin, AST, ALT, serum albumin, BUN & creatinine.Results: On comparing group I (bipolar patients with recent attack of mania) and group 3 (control) regarding serum oxytocin level, there was a significant difference in serum oxytocin being higher in patients with manic symptoms (p < 0.001) but with no significant difference between group 2 (bipolar patients with recent attack of depression) and group 3 (control).Conclusion: The significant difference in the level of oxytocin among the studied groups may suggest a possible role of oxytocin in management of patients with such psychiatric disorder

Vaginal misoprostol versus vaginal surgical evacuation of first trimester incomplete abortion: Comparative study

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and acceptability of using vaginal misoprostol for management of first trimester spontaneous incomplete abortion as an alternative to direct vaginal surgical evacuation in our setting. Methods: This is a prospective comparative study performed on 147 patients with first trimester incomplete abortion between 8 and 12 weeks requesting medical management. They were divided into two groups according to patients’ choice; group (I) received misoprostol tablet 400 mcg (Cytotec, Serono) every 4 h for a maximum of three doses while group (II) underwent surgical vaginal evacuation directly under general anesthesia. Only 54 patients in group I and 51 patients in group II completed their follow up and included in the analysis. Results: Although vaginal surgical evacuation was successful in solving the problem in 100% of cases, misoprostol was successful in 79.6% (p = 0.0006). The overall satisfaction was slightly higher in the surgical group but almost equal percentage of both groups mentioned that they will recommend the method to a friend. No serious side effects or complications were reported in the misoprostol group. The incidence of excessive post-abortive bleeding was more in the misoprostol group than in the surgical evacuation group (p = 0.0336). Also endometrium using transvaginal ultrasonography was significantly thicker in the misoprostol group than in group II (p = 0.0071) but with no clinical importance as it was not associated with severe vaginal bleeding necessitating medical or surgical interventions. Conclusion: Although vaginal surgical evacuation is more effective than misoprostol in solving the problem still medical treatment is effective and acceptable especially when surgical management is not available or risky or patients refuse to do surgical management

Robust design and analysis for opto-mechanical two array laser warning system

In the past three decades, laser warning systems (LWS) have emerged in great importance, as the development of laser-guided weapons, such as airborne Hellfire missiles, has increased, posing an imminent threat to vital areas and VIPs. The laser warning station (LWS) can detect, classify, identify, and give alarm from laser threat at a very short time with high sensitivity. Therefore, the designers of this system must take into account the detectability and field of view to cover the area to be secured. The main contribution in this research is an analytical design of LWS that consists of 24 detector elements, distributed in two arrays (2 × 12) circularly. Also, calculating the best distance between the detectors according to the laser beam spot size. In addition, enhancement laser warring sensor detection capability and detection performance FOV between the detectors to increase coverage area up to 360°. Moreover, decreasing dead zone area between the laser detectors element. Mathematical calculations and illustrations made to reach the best systematic design

Volume and shape changes of mandibular condyles in growing patients treated with fixed Class II appliances using CBCT

Objective: Evaluate the changes in the mandibular condyle volume and shape in growing Class II malocclusion patients, following the use of fixed functional Class II appliances (Forsus and Advacsync II). CBCT images were used to help understand which appliance might cause more changes. Methods: Twenty growing adolescent patients were randomly allocated to Two groups (Forsus and Advancesync II). A total of fourty CBCT images were taken pre- and posttreatment. The pre- and posttreatment CBCT images were segmented using a newly developed and validated semiautomatic condylar segmentation technique. and the quantitative assessment of the mean distance differences of the condyle surfaces was de using Iterative Closest Point technique. Results: A statistically significant increase in condylar volume was observed in both groups (Forsus and Advancesync II) and no significant differences in the magnitude of condylar volumes between both groups were found. There were no statistically significant changes in the mean distance differences of the condyles shape in both groups.Both groups (Forsus and Advancesync II) expressed different patterns of shape changes with no clear pattern associated with the treatment groups.&nbsp

Argon beam coagulator versus cystectomy for endometrioma treatment in infertile women and the impact on ovarian reserve. A case control study

Objective: To evaluate the impact of two different surgical modalities, traditional cystectomy and argon beam coagulator vaporization–ablation (ABC) of ovarian endometrioma on the ovarian reserve in terms of antimullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC). Patients and methods: Eighty infertile women with ovarian endometrioma were included in this case control study. Patients were selected to undergo either traditional cystectomy (Group I, n = 40) or argon coagulator beam vaporization (Group II, n = 40). Mean serum AMH changes and antral follicle counts (AFC) were the primary and secondary outcomes of this study. Results: At 2 weeks follow-up, postoperative mean serum AMH levels were markedly decreased, though not significantly different between both treatment groups and mean AFC was higher in both groups, though statistically significant in the ABC group. Conclusion: Our study clearly demonstrated that the surgical management of endometrioma, with either ovarian cystectomy or argon beam coagulator vaporization causes a significant decrease in ovarian reserve in terms of AMH levels in women of reproductive age

Effect of γ-irradiation on Structural and Optical Ellipsometry Parameters of ZnO Nanocrystalline Thin Films

In the present work, The ZnO powder was prepared by sol-gel method. The microstructure and surface morphology of ZnO powder were characterized by thermo gravimetric (TG) analysis, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thin film of ZnO was prepared using thermal evaporation technique. The effect of γ -irradiation with different doses (100, 300 and 500 kGy) on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin film were studied. The microstructure parameters, e.g., crystallite size and microstrain for three different doses were calculated. The optical constants (n, k) for three different doses of γ -irradiation of ZnO thin film were obtained by fitting the ellipsometric parameters (ψ and Δ) data using three layer model systems in the wavelength range 300–1100 nm. It is found that the refractive index, n increases with increasing the doses of γ -irradiation. But the obtained optical energy gap of nanocrystalline ZnO films was found to decrease with increasing the doses of the γ –radiation

Potential Effect of Biochar on Soil Properties, Microbial Activity and <i>Vicia faba</i> Properties Affected by Microplastics Contamination

Microplastics (MPs) contamination is an emerging issue globally; however, adverse impacts of MPs on soil, plants and microbial activity have not been intensively studied. In this study, the potential effect of different levels of MPs (1.5, 7.5, 15%) has been investigated on soil properties, plant properties (Vicia Faba) and microbial activities through a pot experiment. The effect of biochar (BC: 2%) to mitigate the adverse effects of MP has also been examined. Soil properties (pH, EC, OM, CaCO3 and some elements) have significantly differed due to contamination of soil by MPs as well as by adding BC to the soil. The pH and CaCO3 were significantly increased more than in the control, while EC, TDS, available P, Mn and Fe were significantly decreased lower than the control, which implies adsorption on microplastic. Plant properties, such as enzymes, chlorophyll and fresh and dry weight in roots, were adversely affected by MPs contamination; however, BC mitigated this effect, especially with low contamination levels of MPs. The fresh and dry weight of the shoot was not significantly affected by MPs. The cytogenetic analysis showed that the mitotic index was significantly reduced compared to the control (9.39%), while BC increased the mitotic index at 1.5% MPs (7.11%) although it was less than the control. The percentage of abnormalities of V. faba root tip cells under different levels of MPs was significantly increased more than the control; however, BC mitigated this effect, especially at 7.5% MPs. The total count of bacteria and fungi even in soil or in the rhizosphere area did not follow a clear trend; however, the effect of BC was clear in increasing their activities. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were also significantly affected by MPs and BC. In this study, the BC level was low, however, it mitigated some adverse effects of MPs, especially at 1.5 and 7.5% of MPs. Thus, the BC could be promising in mitigating the negative impacts of MPs when applied with suitable levels that need more future studies