Outcome of Blunt Abdominal Traumas with Stable Hemodynamic and Positive FAST Findings

Introduction: Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is a highly effective first screening tool for initial classification of abdominal trauma patients. The present study was designed to evaluate the outcome of patients with blunt abdominal trauma and positive FAST findings. Methods: The present prospective cross-sectional study was done on patients over 7 years old with normal abdominal examination, positive FAST findings, and available abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan findings. The frequency of need for laparotomy as well as its probable risk factors were calculated. Results: 180 patients were enrolled (mean age: 28.0 ± 11.5 years; 76.7% male). FAST findings were confirmed by abdominopelvic CT scan in only 124 (68.9%) cases. Finally, 12 (6.6%) patients needed laparotomy. Mean age of those in need of laparotomy was significantly higher than others (36.75 ± 11.37 versus 27.34 ± 11.37, p = 0.006). Higher grading of spleen (p = 0.001) and hepatic (p = 0.038) ruptures increased the probability of need for laparotomy. Conclusion: 68.9% of the positive FAST findings in patients with blunt abdominal trauma and stable hemodynamics was confirmed by abdominopelvic CT scan and only 6.6% needed laparotomy. Simultaneous presence of free fluid and air in the abdominal area, old age, and higher grading o solid organ injuries were factors that had a significant correlation with need for laparotomy

Impact of Wikipedia on citation trends

It has been suggested that the "visibility" of an article influences its citation count. More specifically, it is believed that the social media can influence article citations.Here we tested the hypothesis that inclusion of scholarly references in Wikipedia affects the citation trends. To perform this analysis, we introduced a citation “propensity” measure, which is inspired by the concept of amino acid propensity for protein secondary structures. We show that although citation counts generally increase during time, the citation "propensity" does not increase after inclusion of a reference in Wikipedia

العلاقة بين الحالة الروحية والصحة البدنية: دراسة مقطعية على المراجعين إلى المراكز الصحية المركزية في شرق مدينة طهران خلال عام 2019

سابقه و هدف: معنویت عاملی است که می‌تواند مبنایی برای اعتقادات و ذهنیت فرد باشد و از طریق تأثیر بر مغز و سیستم عصبی، غدد درون‌ریز و سیستم ایمنی موجب سلامت و یا بیماری فرد شود. مطالعۀ حاضر به‌منظور بررسی وضعیت سلامت معنوی و ارتباط آن با وضعیت سلامت جسمانی مراجعه‌کنندگان به مراکز جامع سلامت شرق شهر تهران در سال 98-1397 طراحی و اجرا شده است.   روش کار: این پژوهش مقطعی از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش تمامی مراجعه‌کنندگان به مراکز بهداشتی-درمانی شرق شهر تهران در سال 1398 بود. نمونه‌گیری در سه مرکز جامع سلامت در بازۀ زمانی یک ماهه به‌صورت پوآسون و به‌شیوۀ دردسترس با رضایت مراجعان انجام شد. در پایان، 522 نفر در حضور محقق پرسش‌نامه‌ها را تکمیل کردند. جهت جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامۀ 20 سؤالی استاندارد سلامت معنوی پالوتزین و الیسون استفاده شد و داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن، آزمون من‌ویتنی، آزمون کروسکال-والیس و آزمون کای‌اسکوئر تجزیه و تحلیل شد. درنهایت، مقدار 05/0 P< معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد. در این پژوهش همۀ موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است و مؤلفان مقاله تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، سلامت معنوی با تعداد دفعات سرماخوردگی افراد شرکت‏كننده در سال تفاوت معنی‌دار نشان داد (019/0P=). علاوه‌براین، بین امتیاز سلامت ‌مذهبی با بیماری‌های مزمن شرکت‌کنندگان نیز تفاوت معنی‌دار بود (028/0P=). آزمون تعقیبی این تفاوت امتیاز را بین گروه بیماری قلبی‌-عروقی و هیپرلیپیدمی با گروه‌های دیگر نشان داد. به این صورت که میانگین امتیاز سلامت معنوی و سلامت مذهبی و وجودی در افراد مبتلا به بیماری‌های قلبی‌-عروقی و هیپر‌لیپیدمی کمتر از گروه‌های دیگر بود. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد سلامت جسمی می‌تواند با سلامت معنوی در ارتباط باشد و امکان ابتلا به بیماری در افرادی که از نظر سلامت معنوی در سطح بالایی ارزیابی شوند کمتر است. علت آن نیز تأثیر‌پذیری مغز و سیستم عصبی و اندوکرین و ایمنی بدن از ذهن است؛ مبنای ذهن و افکار انسان نیز نظام اعتقادی، باورها و فرهنگ او است.   استناد مقاله به این صورت است: Khajavi-Shojaie K, Pirasteh A, Jouhari Z. The Relationship between Spirituality and Physical Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Patients Referring to East Tehran Health Centers in 2019. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(1):63-80. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i1.26890Background and Objective: Spirituality is a factor that can be the basis for a person's beliefs and mentality, and can affect one's health or illness by affecting the brain and nervous system, endocrine and immune systems. The present study was designed to investigate the spiritual health status and its relationship with physical health status of patients referring to comprehensive health centers in Tehran. Methods: The research method was descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study consisted of the patients referring to health centers in East Tehran in 2019. 522 people filled in the Paloutzian Ellison Spiritual Health Questionnaire (20), which was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. In this study, all ethical considerations have been observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors. Results: Spiritual health showed a significant difference with the number of common cold per year (P=0.019). There was a significant difference between religious health score and chronic illness of participants (P=0.028). Follow-up testing revealed a difference in scores between the cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia groups and other groups. Conclusion: Spiritual health can lead to physical health, and people who are evaluated to be at a high spiritual level are less likely to develop diseases. It is also caused by the brain's endocrine and nervous system affecting the body's immune system. The basis of the human mind and thought is its belief system, beliefs and culture.   Please cite this article as: Khajavi-Shojaie K, Pirasteh A, Jouhari Z. The Relationship between Spirituality and Physical Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Patients Referring to East Tehran Health Centers in 2019. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(1):63-80. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i1.26890خلفية البحث وأهدافه: إن الحالة الروحية عنصر يمكن أن يكون أساساً لمعتقدات وأفكار الشخص، كما أنها تؤدي إلى صحة الشخص أو مرضه من خلال تأثيرها على الدماغ والجهاز العصبي والغدد الصماء والجهاز المناعي. وقد تم تخطيط هذا التحقيق وتنفيذه بغرض دراسة الحالة الروحية وعلاقتها بالسلامة البدنية لدى المراجعين للمراكز الصحية المركزية في شرق مدينة طهران خلال العام 2019. منهجية البحث: تعتبر هذه الدراسة المقطعية من النوع الوصفي التحليلي. وقد شملت المجموعة الخاضعة للدراسة جميع المراجعين للمراكز الصحية-العلاجية في شرق مدينة طهران خلال العام 2019. وقد تم أخذ العينات في ثلاثة مراكز صحية مركزية خلال فترة زمنية تمتد لمدة شهر واحد بصورة (بوآسون) وبطريقة الموجود المتوفر برضا المراجعين. وفي النهاية فإن 522 شخصاً قاموا بملء الاستبيانات بحضور المحقق. وقد تمت الاستفادة من استمارات تحتوي على 20 سؤال لاختبارات معايير السلامة الروحية لـ Paloutzian و  Ellisonوذلك بغرض جمع البيانات. ومن ثم تم تفكيك وتحليل البيانات بالاستعانة بمعامل علاقة إسبيرمن، واختبار مان ويتني، و اختبار كروسكال وأليس، واختبار كاي اسكوئر، وفي النهاية فقد تم اعتبار قيمة 05/0 P<ذات معنى. وقد تمت مراعاة جميع الجوانب الأخلاقية في هذه الدراسة، ولم يلحظ مؤلفو المقالة أي تعارض للمصالح. الكشوفات: تشير النتائج المستخرجة إلى وجود اختلاف ذي معنى بين الصحة الروحية وعدد مرات الإصابة بالأنفولونزا خلال العام عند المراجعين (019/0P=)، مضافاً إلى ذلك فقد كان هناك اختلاف ذو معنى أيضاً بين درجة الصحة الدينية والأمراض المزمنة للمشاركين (028/0P=). وقد أظهر اختبار المتابعة هذا الاختلاف بالدرجات بين مجموعة أمراض القلب-الأوعية الدموية وزيادة الدهون في الدم مع سائر المجموعات الأخرى. الاستنتاج: تشير النتائج إلى إمكان وجود علاقة بين الصحة البدنية والصحة الروحية، وأن إمكان الإصابة بالأمراض عند الأفراد الذين يتمتعون بمستوى عالٍ من الصحة الروحية يكون أقل. وسبب ذلك يرجع إلى تأثر الدماغ والجهاز العصبي والغدد الصماء والجهاز المناعي للبدن بالذهن.كما أن الركن الذي يقوم عليه ذهن الإنسان وأفكاره أيضاً إنما هو نظامه الاعتقادي ومعتقداته وثقافته.   يتم استناد المقالة على الترتيب التالي: Khajavi-Shojaie K, Pirasteh A, Jouhari Z. The Relationship between Spirituality and Physical Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Patients Referring to East Tehran Health Centers in 2019. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(1):63-80. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i1.2689

The Impact of E-Skills Learning in Corona Pandemic Course on Improving the Educational Quality of Macro-Medical Universities in Region One

Introduction: Corona epidemic has led to a sudden change in the distance learning practices. This study endeavored to investigate the impact of E-skills training in Corona pandemic on improving the students’ educational quality at macro-medical universities in region one. Methods: This study was conducted in the academic year 2022 with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The population in the qualitative section, macro medical universities professors in region one, were 14 being selected by purposeful sampling method using the saturation law. In the quantitative phase, managers and deputies of departments, faculties, heads of department, and faculty members of the macro-medical sciences universities, in region one, were selected from among 1851 using stratified random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire on E-skills learning and the educational quality questionnaire of Sadeghi et al. were used to collect data. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations were used to analyze the data. Results: The results revealed that the relationship between e-learning and educational quality in the universities of macro medical sciences in region one (with a path coefficient of 0.421 and a value of R2 equal to 0.403) and a t-statistic equal to 5.222 indicated that 42% of changes in educational quality were affected by e-learning. Conclusion: Given the positive relationship between electronic skills and their impact on educational quality, it needs to be acknowledged that today's fluid knowledge, the pervasive development of technology, and rapid changes in science and technology around the world require the development of an efficient and skilled generation for the future, and to achieve this, it seems necessary to seek to update professors, new teaching methods, and the content of course resources

Outcome of Blunt Abdominal Traumas with Stable Hemodynamic and Positive FAST Findings

Introduction: Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is a highly effective first screening tool for initial classification of abdominal trauma patients. The present study was designed to evaluate the outcome of patients with blunt abdominal trauma and positive FAST findings. Methods: The present prospective cross-sectional study was done on patients over 7 years old with normal abdominal examination, positive FAST findings, and available abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan findings. The frequency of need for laparotomy as well as its probable risk factors were calculated. Results: 180 patients were enrolled (mean age: 28.0 ± 11.5 years; 76.7% male). FAST findings were confirmed by abdominopelvic CT scan in only 124 (68.9%) cases. Finally, 12 (6.6%) patients needed laparotomy. Mean age of those in need of laparotomy was significantly higher than others (36.75 ± 11.37 versus 27.34 ± 11.37, p = 0.006). Higher grading of spleen (p = 0.001) and hepatic (p = 0.038) ruptures increased the probability of need for laparotomy. Conclusion: 68.9% of the positive FAST findings in patients with blunt abdominal trauma and stable hemodynamics was confirmed by abdominopelvic CT scan and only 6.6% needed laparotomy. Simultaneous presence of free fluid and air in the abdominal area, old age, and higher grading o solid organ injuries were factors that had a significant correlation with need for laparotomy