Speed control of Five-Phase IPMSM through PI, SMC and FITSMC approaches under normal and open phase faulty conditions

This paper focuses on speed control of Five-Phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) through proportional-integral (PI) controller, sliding mode control (SMC) and novel fractional integral terminal sliding mode control (FITSMC) approaches under normal and open one-phase and two-phase faulty conditions. The SMC and FITSMC design processes have been deeply illustrated, while the stability of the aforementioned controllers has been guaranteed via Lyapunov theory. These ones are all designed based on rotor speed error which is generated from its measured and referenced values. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control approaches in the fault tolerant control strategy and normal drive for Five-Phase IPMSM

Efficient inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus replication using novel modified microRNA-30a targeting 3'-untranslated region transcripts

RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene therapy is currently considered to be a combinatorial anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) therapy. Although arti­ficial polycistronic microRNAs (miRs) can reduce HIV-1 escape mutant variants, this approach may increase the risk of side effects. The present study aimed to optimize the efficiency of anti-HIV RNAi gene therapy in order to reduce the cell toxicity induced by multi-short hairpin RNA expression. An artificial miR-30a-3'-untranslated region (miR-3'-UTR) obtained from a single RNA polymerase II was used to simultaneously target all viral transcripts. The results of the present study demonstrated that HIV-1 replication was signifi­cantly inhibited in the cells with the miR-3'-UTR construct, suggesting that miR-3'-UTR may serve as a promising tool for RNAi-based gene therapy in the treatment of HIV-1. © 2016, Spandidos Publications. All Rights Reserved

Sensorless fault-tolerant control of five-phase IPMSMs via model reference adaptive systems

The present study deals with sensorless fault-tolerant control (SFTC) of five-phase Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (IPMSMs). First, a Proportional-Integral Model Reference Adaptive System (PI-MRAS) speed estimator is proposed. The MRAS compares outputs of reference and adaptive models. Then, PI controller is utilized to generate the estimated speed by minimizing current errors between the two models. Second, a novel Sign Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller (SITSMC) is suggested in the presence of open phase faults. The proposed controller tolerates these faults through a transformation matrix tuning technique in view of equal current and minimum copper loss schemes. Meanwhile, SITSM controller utilizes the estimated speed of PI-MRAS block. Third, stability of the closed-loop system is provided by Lyapunov theorem. Finally, simulation results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the suggested SFTC strategy both in normal and open one phase faulty conditions for a five-phase IPMSM

Development of a Novel Biosensor for Nanomolar Detection of Methylparaben

AbstractThis work describes the development of a new biosensor for methylparaben determination using electrocatalytic properties of haemoglobin in presence of hydrogen peroxide. The biosensor was fabricated by carbon paste electrode modified with haemoglobin and multiwalled carbon nanotube. Based on the excellent electrochemical properties of the modified electrode, a sensitive voltammetric method was used for determination of methylparaben within a liner range from 1 to 13μM and detection limit of 25nM. The prepared biosensor possessed accurate and rapid response to methylparaben and good sensitivity, stability and repeatability

Estimation of genetic variation in the Secretor and Lewis genes in Iranian hospitalized children

Background: The Secretor (FUT2) and lewis gene (FUT3) are in charge of the construction of histo-blood group antigens, which act as a receptor for some Pathogenes. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of five significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Iranian children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 102 blood samples collected from hospitalized children. The FUT2 gene region was amplified and sequenced to explore rs1047781 and rs601338, and the FUT3 gene region was amplified to explore rs28362459, rs812936, rs778986 SNPs. Results: In FUT2 gene, Se358,428 that produces Se phenotype with 63 (0.53 - 0.72) prevalence, was the most common genotype. For FUT3 gene Le59,202,314 with 80 prevalence was most common genotype (0.71 - 0.87). Conclusion: This study genotyped Secretor and Lewis genes and designated SNPs� distinct distribution in Iran, and clarified at-risk groups for certain diseases. © 2020 Société française de transfusion sanguine (SFTS

Association between circulating rotavirus genotypes and histo-blood group antigens in the children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Iran

Rotaviruses are the dominant cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age. Previous studies showed that some children are less susceptible to rotavirus gastroenteritis. It has been shown that this resistance depends on the rotavirus genotype and also human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), which works as a receptor for rotavirus surface protein (VP4). The present study aimed to evaluate the human genetic susceptibility to rotavirus gastroenteritis in Iran and to obtain a comparative analysis between rotavirus gastroenteritis and secretor or Lewis status in case and control groups in the Iranian population. The study was performed on fecal specimens from 108 children with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis from 2015 to 2017. A total of 50 fecal specimens from children with acute gastroenteritis of unknown etiology were also used as a control group. After the genotyping of positive rotavirus cases and human HBGAs by Sanger sequencing, the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that all rotavirus strains from Iran belonged to PII. The most common genotype was P8 (n = 102; 94.4%), while the remaining belonged to P4 (n = 3; 2.8%) and P6 (n = 3; 2.8%) genotypes. The P8 genotype was found to be associated with secretor and Lewis positive status (p <.05). © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LL

The clinical anatomy of the triangle of Grynfeltt.

Dorsal lumbar hernias are rare pathologies of the abdominal wall. Such hernias may manifest within the superior lumbar triangle of Grynfeltt (TG) or the triangle of Petit. The aim of our study was to identify and describe variations in the size and anatomy of the TG. The triangle was studied in 50 adult human cadavers, and dimensions and surface area were measured. The TG was identified in 82% of cases. Based on surface area parameters, we were able to classify the triangles into four distinct types. Type I (50%), or small triangles, had a surface area of \u3c5 \u3ecm(2). Type II (22%, n=22) were defined as triangles intermediate in size with surface areas of 5-15 cm(2). Type III (10%, 10) were large triangles with surface areas of \u3e15 cm(2). Finally, Type 0 (18%, 18) did not exhibit a triangle; instead, the aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis was enclosed by the external abdominal oblique muscle and the sacrospinalis muscle. We present these data with the hope that after further investigation in a clinical setting, they may serve practitioners in predicting which morphometric variations of the TG most predispose patients to posterior wall herniation