46 research outputs found
N=2 gauge theories and degenerate fields of Toda theory
We discuss the correspondence between degenerate fields of the W_N algebra
and punctures of Gaiotto's description of the Seiberg-Witten curve of N=2
superconformal gauge theories. Namely, we find that the type of degenerate
fields of the W_N algebra, with null states at level one, is classified by
Young diagrams with N boxes, and that the singular behavior of the
Seiberg-Witten curve near the puncture agrees with that of W_N generators. We
also find how to translate mass parameters of the gauge theory to the momenta
of the Toda theory.Comment: 23 pages,v2: minor corrections,published versio
A Molecular Line Observation toward Massive Clumps Associated with Infrared Dark Clouds
We have surveyed the N2H+ J=1-0, HC3N J=5-4, CCS J_N=4_3-3_2, NH3 (J, K) =
(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), and CH3OH J=7-6 lines toward the 55 massive clumps
associated with infrared dark clouds by using the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45
m telescope and the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment 10 m telescope.
The N2H+, HC3N, and NH3 lines are detected toward most of the objects. On the
other hand, the CCS emission is detected toward none of the objects. The
[CCS]/[N2H+] ratios are found to be mostly lower than unity even in the Spitzer
24 micron dark objects. This suggests that most of the massive clumps are
chemically more evolved than the low-mass starless cores. The CH3OH emission is
detected toward 18 out of 55 objects. All the CH3OH-detected objects are
associated with the Spitzer 24 micron sources, suggesting that star formation
has already started in all the CH3OH-detected objects. The velocity widths of
the CH3OH J_K=7_0-6_0 A+ and 7_{-1}-6_{-1} E lines are broader than those of
N2H+ J=1-0. The CH3OH J_K=7_0-6_0 A+ and 7_{-1}-6_{-1} E lines tend to have
broader linewidth in the MSX dark objects than in the others, the former being
younger or less luminous than the latter. The origin of the broad emission is
discussed in terms of the interaction between an outflow and an ambient cloud.Comment: Accepted to Ap
Recent topics of infrared effective lattice QCD
Three topics concerning infrared effective lattice QCD are discussed.
(1)Perfect lattice action of infrared SU(3) QCD and perfect operators for the
static potential are analytically given when we assume two-point monopole
interactions alone. The assumption seems to be justified from numerical
analyses of pure SU(3) QCD in maximally abelian gauge. (2)Gauge invariance of
monopole dominance can be proved theoretically if the gauge invariance of
abelian dominance is proved. The gauge invariance of monopole condensation
leads us to confinement of abelian neutral but color octet states after abelian
projection. (3)A stochastic gauge fixing method is developed to study the gauge
dependence of the Abelian projection, which interpolates between the maximally
abelian (MA) gauge and no gauge fixing. Abelian dominance for the heavy quark
potential holds even in the gauge which is far from Maximally Abelian one.Comment: LATTICE99(Poster),3 pages, LaTeX with 4 eps figure
New descriptions of lattice SU(N) Yang-Mills theory towards quark confinement
We give new descriptions of lattice SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in terms of new
lattice variables. The validity of such descriptions has already been
demonstrated in the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory by our previous works from the
viewpoint of defining and extracting topological degrees of freedom such as
gauge-invariant magnetic monopoles and vortices which play the dominant role in
quark confinement. In particular, we have found that the SU(3) lattice
Yang-Mills theory has two possible options, maximal and minimal: The existence
of the minimal option has been overlooked so far, while the maximal option
reproduces the conventional SU(3) Cho-Faddeev-Niemi-Shabanov decomposition in
the naive continuum limit. The new description gives an important framework for
understanding the mechanism of quark confinement based on the dual
superconductivity.Comment: Cover+18 pages, 1 figure; version to appear in Phys. Lett.
Risk of myocardial infarction in patients with psoriasis: A cross-sectional patient-population study in a Japanese hospital
[Background]Some epidemiological studies have demonstrated the association between psoriasis vulgaris and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is a lack of specific data regarding the association between psoriasis vulgaris and myocardial infarction (MI), the more severe and critical presentation of CAD, in the Japanese population. [Methods and results]We retrospectively analyzed 113, 065 patients of all ages at our hospital from January 1, 2011 to January 1, 2013. We extracted the data of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or MI (acute, sub-acute, or old), including sex and age from the electronic medical record database. The prevalence of MI in patients with hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and psoriasis vulgaris were 4.8% (794/16, 476), 5.0% (459/9236), 4.6% (531/11, 555), and 2.7% (32/1197), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that psoriasis vulgaris was significantly associated with MI [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–2.68; p = 0.0022]. In a subgroup analysis of 24, 069 patients who had one or more comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, psoriasis vulgaris was still independently associated with MI after adjusting for sex and age (adjusted OR, 1.49; 95% CI: 1.02–2.18; p = 0.0358) in adults. [Conclusion]Psoriasis vulgaris was significantly associated with MI in a Japanese hospital-based population