Examining the sexual function and related attitudes among aged women: A cross- sectional study

Background: Sexual function and its subsequent satisfaction are among the most important aspects of women’s life. However, this instinct could be influenced by some factors such as diseases, drug using, aging, and hormonal and physiologic changes associated with menopause, and sexual behavior. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence rates of sexual dysfunction, and related attitudes among aged women in Jahrom, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 746 postmenopausal women aged between 50 and 89 years old who had referred to obstetric and gynecologic clinic in Jahrom, from April to October 2014. Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire was used order to assess the sexual function. The cases were classified into three categories according to the attitude scores: negative (17-32), medium (33-38), and positive (39-48). One-way ANOVA test was used to determine the relationship between FSFI and attitude scores. Results: The participants’ mean±SD age was 60.10±6.89 years and the total mean score of FSFI was 19.31±8.5. In addition, 81.5% of the women had sexual dysfunction (FSFI 26.55). Almost 62.1% the women displayed a negative attitude towards sexuality and only 18.8% women had positive attitude. Feeling of dyspareunia (p= 0.02), lubrication (p< 0.0001), orgasm (p= 0.002) and satisfaction (p= 0.002) were significantly different between three categories of attitudes regarding sexuality, respectively Conclusion: Our data showed that sexual disorders were highly prevalent among postmenopausal women. The most affected problems were arousal, dyspareunia, and lubrication. More than half of the women had negative attitude towards sexual function consequently this could affect their sexual function. So, it seems screening of sexual dysfunction for finding the causes in women should be the main sexual health program. Also, it would be important to emphasis the role of physicians and experts on education and counseling in this subject

The Correlation Between Spiritual Health and Sleep Quality in the Geriatrics Referring to the Retirement Center of Jahrom City, Iran

Background and Objectives: Sleep disorders are prevalent in the geriatrics. Any disorder in its natural flow causes psychological problems and decreases the efficiency of a person. Paying attention to the spiritual forces in the elderly is a need that gives them peace and vitality; therefore, spiritual health can improve the quality of sleep in the geriatrics by promoting general health, which is a requirement for comfortable sleep. Therefore, we examined the correlation between spiritual health and sleep quality in geriatrics. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study conducted on 161 elderly in Jahrom City, Iran, in 2017. The standard spirituality wellbeing scale (SWBS) by Palutzian and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used. After collecting data, they were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test by SPSS software, version 16. Results: The results showed that 54% of the participants in the research were male and the average age of the participants was 62.96±2.5 years. The average scores of spiritual health and sleep quality in the participants were 79.62±5.1 and 6.53±3.5, respectively. Also, no significant relationship was observed between spiritual health score and sleep quality in the elderly (P=0.43). Conclusion: Considering that the spiritual health of most elderly was at an average level and most of them had sleep disorders, it is recommended that the factors related to improving the spiritual health and quality of sleep in this segment of society be considered

Early Acute Kidney Injury based on Serum Creatinine or Cystatin C in Intensive Care Unit after Major Trauma

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in critically ill patients and is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recently, serum cystatin C has been shown to be superior to creatinine in early detection of renal function impairment. We compared estimated GFR based on serum cystatin C with estimated GFR based on serum creatinine for early detection of renal dysfunction according to the RIFLE criteria. Methods: During 9 months, three hundred post trauma patients that were referred to the intensive care unit of a referral trauma hospital were recruited. Serum creatinine and serum cystatin C were measured and the estimated GFR within 24 hours of ICU admission was calculated. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI according to the RIFLE criteria within 2nd to 7th day of admission. Results: During the first week of ICU admission,21% of patients experienced AKI. After adjusting for major confounders, only the patients with first day's serum cystatin level higher than 0.78 mg/l were at higher risk of first week AKI (OR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.5-14.7, P<0.001). First day’s serum cystatin C and injury severity score were the major risk factors for ICU mortality (OR=3.54, 95% CI: 1.7-7.4, P=0.001) and (OR=4.6, 95% CI: 1.5-14, P=0.007), respectively. Conclusion: Within 24 hours after admission in ICU due to multiple trauma, high serum cystatin C level may have prognostic value in predicting early AKI and mortality during ICU admission. However, such correlation was not seen neither with creatinine nor cystatin C based GFR

Explicando el estado de la educación en enfermería clínica: un estudio de análisis de contenido en Irán

Introduction: Challenges and problems of clinical nursing education are the most important factor in determining the quality of nursing students' education. Frequent assessment of the quality of nursing education without considering the existing challenges is an ineffective activity in analyzing the situation of nursing education. Objective This study aimed to explain the status of clinical nursing education at Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Methodology: A qualitative design based on the conventional content analysis approach was used. This study was conducted at the X University of Medical Sciences in 2018-2019. Data were drawn from 10 semi-structured focus group interviews with 110 nurses, head nurses, instructors, and students. Purposeful sampling was performed. The time and place of the interviews were chosen according to the participants. The interviews were analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman method by MAXQDA software. Results: 626 in-vivo codes, 46 primary codes, 8 subcategories (lack of attention to the evaluation process, non-participative evaluation, low staff educational cooperation, ineffective instructors, non-educational clinical space, student educational deficits, student drown in the clinic, non-participatory planning), and 3 main categories (planning challenges, implementing challenges and evaluation challenges) were obtained. Conclusion: Educational leaders must shift to three areas; democratic planning, wise implementation with frequent monitoring, and the use of modern clinical evaluation methods (Based on the participation of learners and other stakeholders).Introducción: Los desafíos y problemas de la educación clínica en enfermería son el factor más importante para determinar la calidad de la educación de los estudiantes de enfermería. La evaluación frecuente de la calidad de la educación en enfermería sin considerar los desafíos existentes es una actividad ineficaz en el análisis de la situación de la educación en enfermería. Objetivo Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explicar el estado de la educación en enfermería clínica en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas Jahrom en Irán. Metodología: Se utilizó un diseño cualitativo basado en el enfoque de análisis de contenido convencional. Este estudio se realizó en la X Universidad de Ciencias Médicas en 2018-2019. Los datos se obtuvieron de 10 entrevistas de grupos focales semiestructurados con 110 enfermeras, enfermeras jefes, instructores y estudiantes. Se realizó un muestreo intencional. La hora y el lugar de las entrevistas se eligieron según los participantes. Las entrevistas fueron analizadas por el método de Graneheim y Lundman por el software MAXQDA. Resultados: 626 códigos in-vivo, 46 ​​códigos primarios, 8 subcategorías (falta de atención al proceso de evaluación, evaluación no participativa, escasa cooperación educativa del personal, instructores ineficaces, espacio clínico no educativo, déficits educativos de los estudiantes, estudiante ahogado en la clínica, planificación no participativa) y 3 categorías principales (desafíos de planificación, desafíos de implementación y desafíos de evaluación). Conclusión: Los líderes educativos deben cambiar a tres áreas; planificación democrática, implementación inteligente con monitoreo frecuente y el uso de métodos modernos de evaluación clínica (basado en la participación de los estudiantes y otras partes interesadas)