Transmission of thermal imaging by using infrared bundle based on silver halide solid solution

In this study, infrared bundle consisting of seven single fibres was manufactured. Experiences on transmission of the heated object thermal image was performed. The experimental data show that there is a fundamental possibility of thermal image transmission through the infrared bundle. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Infrared fiber based on AgCl-AgBr and AgBr-TlI crystals to transfer thermal radiation in pulsed

The our research objective is to study IR energy transfer in pulsed and continuous mode through optical fibers produced from crystals of silver halide and a monovalent thallium solid solutions. It is assumed that the transfer of infrared radiation in the pulsed mode will significantly reduce losses. We designed the experimental setup, determined its operational parameters, and obtained the dependence of the detector's received radiation on the frequency of the pulses of thermal radiation. As a research subjects we used two different fibers compositions namely AgCl0.25Br0.75 and Ag0.95Tl0.05Br0.95I0.05. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Council on grants of the President of the Russian Federation: SP-2455.2018.1The research has been supported by the grants of President of the Russian Federation SP-2455.2018.1

Simulation of infrared photonic crystal fibers based on crystals system AgBr - TlBr0.46I0.54

In this paper, a computer simulation of photonic crystal fibers (PCF) based on the AgBr - TlBr0.46I0.54 system was performed. The simulation was carried out in the SMTP program integrated into Matlab. As a simulation result, PCF with the hexagonal structure of PBG-inserts with an increased mode field diameter of up to 200 μm was obtained. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-73-10063This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant No. 18-73-1006

Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Infrared Optical Fibers Based on Silver Halide Solid Solution Crystals

The aim of the study is to measure the thermal conductivity of silver halide light guides based on crystals of the AgCl-AgBr system used in PSD production technologies. The conductivity temperature coefficient of the samples under study were determined by the laser flash method using the LFA 467 (Hyper Flash) installation. We studied mono- and polycrystalline samples of solid solutions with the composition AgCl0,25AgBr0,75 in the temperature range 298–523 K. The thermal conductivity of the investigated materials was then calculated using literature data on density and heat capacity. The thermal conductivity coefficient ranges from 0.80±0,04 to 0.53±0,03 (W/m·K), depending on the microstructure of the sample. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.The research has been supported by the grants of President of the Russian Federation, MD-5324.2021.4

Microscopic and elemental analysis of jaw bone tissue in injury

Since the jawbone tissue is injured at the stage of metal dental implant introduction, the problem of inflammatory complication development leading to a breakdown in osseointegration remains relevant. Of interest are the immunological mechanisms of inflammatory process development during the emission of metal nanoparticles, as well as the mechanisms of its subsidence after the removal of a metal object. Microscopic and elemental analysis of the bone tissue of the Wistar rat lower jaw after artificial traumatization was carried out. During the experiment, the situation of presence of a metal foreign body in the bone bed was simulated. An insulin needle was injected into the connective tissue of the lower jaw, followed by its removal after seven days. Microscopic analysis of bone tissue was performed using a Tesscan Vega 4 scanning electron microscope. The teeth alveoli cortical layer surface, connection of the jaws with a gap, stratification of the cartilaginous layer were determined at low magnification in direct projection. Using higher magnification in the direct projection there are visible dense-structural crystalline inclusions, foci of necrosis in the area of junctions of the jaws alveolar processes. The elemental composition of bone tissue was obtained by atomic emission spectroscopy by iCAP 6300 Duo. In the test sample, the quantitative ratio of calcium and phosphorus was 1.68, which slightly exceeds the optimal value of 1.67. An upward change in this ratio indicates a decrease in phosphorus level, which can be interpreted as local osteoporosis. In addition, the following elements were found: Bi, Ga, Pb, Ti, Zn in the amount of 0.03-0.06 mass percent. The list of these elements corresponds to the chemical composition of an insulin needle, indicating the penetration of metal particles into bone bed tissues. The emission of nanoparticles and their subsequent association to micro- and submicron sizes, their persistence, as well as biocorrosion in areas of active bone formation can be a trigger for the development of an aseptic inflammatory process. This effect is due to both a direct damaging factor and an indirect effect through specific signal molecules produced in response to tissue damage

Influence of geometrical parameters on transmitting thermal radiation through silver halide fibers

In this study, we experimentally determined the influence of fibers’ geometrical parameters on the performance of fiber-optic temperature control system based on silver halide fibers at the temperatures of 295–395 K. It was revealed that the fiber diameter can affect thermal radiation transmission in the case of mismatching light beam diameters between system's optical elements and it should be taken into consideration when such systems are developed. A fiber length reduction leads to a linear increase in transmission values. We also assessed transmission losses for the fibers bent at various radii and derived some empirical equations for calibration curves. The revealed dependencies can be very useful for designing fiber-optic systems intended for remote temperature measurements and control of heating-power facilities’ thermal regimes. © 2020 The AuthorsRussian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-73-10063This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant No. 18-73-10063

Synthesis of Si-Y Coatings on Nb in Fluoride-Chloride Molten Salts

The preparation of multicomponent coatings based on silicon and yttrium on the niobium substrate was investigated. Y-Si/NbSi2 coatings on the Nb substrate by currentless deposition in molten salts were produced. The preparation of NbSi2 layers is carried out in NaF-NaCl-Na2SiF6 melts with the addition of Si powder. The preparation of Y-Si layers is carried out in NaCl-KCl-YF3 melts containing Y powder. Coating samples are studied using SEM. It is established that sequentially synthesized coatings are characterized by a two-layer structure. Using the EDS method, the chemical composition of the obtained layers is established: Y - 26.68; Nb - 62.55; Si - 10.76 wt. %. The oxidation test of the obtained coatings Y-Si/NbSi2 on Nb samples is performed. It is found that testing at 1200 oC for 2 hours leads to a mass loss of 62 mg/cm2•h. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 14.578.21.0238, RFMEFI57817X0238The study was carried out with financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the frames of the Federal target program, the agreement number 14.578.21.0238, identification number RFMEFI57817X0238

ELECTROLYTE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RHENIUM FILMS

FIELD: electroplating. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electroplating, it can be used to produce thin rhenium films, which, after being applied to various substrates, can be used as a sublayer for high-temperature electroplating, for the production of semiconductor elements used in aerospace engineering, radio engineering, electronics and other fields. The electrolyte consists of an aqueous solution containing, g/l: HCl 200-350 and rhenium compound in terms of metal 0.5-10.0. EFFECT: technical result is the absence of need to introduce additional additives, a low operating temperature range of the electrolyte, reduced resource intensity and environmental load. 1 cl, 1 tbl, 6 ex.Изобретение относится к области гальванотехники и может быть использовано для получения тонких рениевых пленок, которые после нанесения на различные подложки могут быть использованы в качестве подслоя для высокотемпературной гальванопластики, для производства полупроводниковых элементов, использующихся в аэрокосмической технике, радиотехнике, электронике и других областях. Электролит состоит из водного раствора, содержащего, г/л: HCl 200-350 и соединение рения в пересчете на металл 0,5-10,0. Технический результат: отсутствует необходимость введения дополнительных добавок, реализован низкий диапазон температур эксплуатации электролита, снижены ресурсоемкость и экологическая нагрузка. 1 табл., 6 пр

Clinical Use and Therapeutic Potential of IVIG/SCIG, Plasma-Derived IgA or IgM, and Other Alternative Immunoglobulin Preparations

Intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulin preparations, consisting of IgG class antibodies, are increasingly used to treat a broad range of pathological conditions, including humoral immune deficiencies, as well as acute and chronic inflammatory or autoimmune disorders. A plethora of Fab- or Fc-mediated immune regulatory mechanisms has been described that might act separately or in concert, depending on pathogenesis or stage of clinical condition. Attempts have been undertaken to improve the efficacy of polyclonal IgG preparations, including the identification of relevant subfractions, mild chemical modification of molecules, or modification of carbohydrate side chains. Furthermore, plasma-derived IgA or IgM preparations may exhibit characteristics that might be exploited therapeutically. The need for improved treatment strategies without increase in plasma demand is a goal and might be achieved by more optimal use of plasma-derived proteins, including the IgA and the IgM fractions. This article provides an overview on the current knowledge and future strategies to improve the efficacy of regular IgG preparations and discusses the potential of human plasma-derived IgA, IgM, and preparations composed of mixtures of IgG, IgA, and IgM