Determination of Lead and Cadmium in Sugar and Cement Industry Effluents of North Karnataka

The  aim of this study is to assess the extent of lead and cadmium contamination in effluent released from sugar and Cement Industries in north Karnataka. Physicochemical analysis of effluent reveals that the concentration of lead (0.05mg/l)and cadmium(0.01mg/l) is greater than the permissible limit. The effluent as well as contaminated water is extensively used for the irrigation and drinking purposes in the surrounding areas. Several studies of heavy metal constituents in molasses and other sugars have been conducted

In-vivo Evaluation of the Wound Healing Activity of the Sesamum Indicum L. Seed Extract in Novel Ethosomal Vesicular System

Aim: To establish the wound healing activity of Sesamum indicum L. of seed extract in novel ethosomal vesicles. Methods: The ethosomal vesicles were formulated with prepared seed extract of Sesamum indicum L. by solvent evaporation method and characterized it. The optimized ethosomal vesicles then incorporated into gel base for further in vivo study in wistar rat. The evaluation of the wound healing activity was performed by using two models i.e. incision and excision models. In excision model percentage wound contraction and period of epithelialization were established for both the extracts. In incision model the parameter which was carried out was breaking strength of wounded skin. Results: The results revealed that the percentage wound contraction, period of epithelialization in excision model was enhanced than that of other groups and tensile strength of skin in incision model was similar to that of standard treated group. Keywords: Sesamum indicum L., Wound Healing, Ethosomal gel

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF VAGBHATOKTA JALA NIRVISHIKARANA YOGA ON POLLUTED WATER

Background: Increased suffering and death due to impure water consumption, along with the failure of the outreach of advanced techniques to the deprived people with middle socioeconomic status, has directed the evaluation of efficacy of the classical Ayurvedic formulations used in water purification. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Vagbhatokta Jala Nirvishikarana Yoga in terms of its physiochemical and antimicrobial qualities for the treatment of polluted river water.Materials and Methods: The Jala Nirvishikarana Yoga (JNY) was prepared according to the classical method, and analytical study was performed. Optimum dose and period for JNY was calculated, and the water sample was treated accordingly. The sample was analysed for various physical, chemical and microbiological parameters before and after treatment. Stability and efficacy of the formulation was determined after 3 months and 1 year. Results: JNY is a thick, alkaline and viscous liquid bearing a characteristic taste and pleasant odour. The optimum dose and period was found to be three drops per 100 mL for 30 min of contact time. No significant change in the physiochemical parameters was observed except pH. Apart from the variation in pH, JNY was observed to have antimicrobial activity. Reduction in the coliforms and inhibition of bacterial and fungal colonies in the sample were observed. JNY was observed to be stable for 1 year at room temperature. Conclusion: JNY showed efficient antimicrobial activity and was stable and effective for at least 1 year at room temperature. However, in larger doses, its administration resulted in increase of pH of water

Amitriptyline induced cervical dystonia

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as amitriptyline, have many side effects. But extrapyramidal tract symptom is an uncommon side effect of these drugs. Here, we report a case of a 28-year-old male who is suffering from amitriptyline induced cervical dystonia. Though rare, this side effect is an uncomfortable condition and may influence drug compliance. So clinicians should be aware of this side effect while treating a patient with amitriptyline

A study on prevalence and correlates of depression among women living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome in North Karnataka

Context: Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric condition seen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. Various biological, sociocultural, and economic factors make women more vulnerable to HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Depression affects medication adherence and immunity against HIV thus contribute significantly to disease progression. Aims: The aim is to assess the prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical correlates of depression among women living with HIV/AIDS. Settings and Design: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) centre attached to government medical college hospital in North Karnataka and cross-sectional design. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among of 145 women living with HIV/AIDS, depression was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory, and social support was assessed using Lubben Social Network Scale and quality of life (QoL) using the World Health Organization QoL BREF scale. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0. Chi-square test with P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Among 145 HIV-positive women, 50 (34.5%) were depressed. Depression was statistically significant in women from rural background. Significant association between depression and risk of social isolation was observed. Scores of all domains of QoL, that is, physical, psychological, social, and environmental were reducing with increase in the severity of depression indicating that QoL was decreasing with increase in severity of depression. Among the four domains, social domain was the most affected. Conclusions: Depression among women living with HIV/AIDS which is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Depression negatively impacts adherence and immunity leading rapid progression of the infection. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of depression are essential

A survey on Vehi-cloud Computing Networks (VCCN) its research issues and challenges

Vehicular Clouds (Vehi-cloud) are envisioned and most likely to be incorporated in future development with the help of existing vehicular adhoc networks (VANET’s) to access value added services, location based services, traffic analysis and road safety Supplications, conventional clouds are fixed data centric, due to high mobility of vehicles the communication between stationary (road side) clouds and vehicles and inter-vehicle communication becomes heterogeneous and challenging to compute remote execution of data-intensive tasks during run-time which needs dynamic offloading and resource provisioning schemes and a need for efficient Vehi-Cloud operational model to proffer better QoS requirements with minimum service latency and service cost. In this article we unveil a brief survey of vehicle cloud computing networks and highlighted its research issues which have worked on it and challenges to be met

Identifying And Evaluation Of Risks In Software Projects in Indian IT Industries

Keeping a wary eye on risks has become an integral part of project management, not only in manufacturing firms, but also in software companies. This paper focuses on risk categories that influence project success in software companies originating from human resources, environment and organizational culture, or are project specific. To identify and assess the effectiveness of these four categories, authors conducted a survey of 50 Information technology (IT) firms to investigate their risk management practices during software development lifecycle of a project. Exploratory design using the survey research methodology that includes structured questionnaires and interaction of 50 IT companies. The survey asked the participants about the outcome of specific project, issues in technical manpower and commitment of the top management. Data collected was analyzed using statistical models. The study finds three factors that played crucial roles in ensuring project success in Indian software projects. In contrast with similar international studies this study identifies factors like application of project risk management process, qualified project manager, and quality of client acceptance which are significant to project success. The study also focuses on three major Indian software firms with global presence to understand the implications of the above findings

Cloning and identification of symbiosis-regulated genes from the ectomycorrhizal Laccaria bicolor

An in vitro conifer ectomycorrhizal model system was developed to study changes in gene expression during the establishment of symbiotic relationship. Using the model system and the mRNA differential display technique, we have identified cDNA clones from Laccaria bicolor that appear to be involved in establishing and maintaining the symbiotic relationship between L. bicolor and red pine. These differentially expressed cDNA clones were obtained from mRNA extracted from the fungus 6-24 h after initiation of interaction. BLAST analysis showed that sequences of these clones did not match with any of the previously characterized genes. The cDNAs had regions with varying degrees of similarity to genes involved in signal transduction and transcriptional activation