Vertical oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor with extremely low off-state current

Oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (OSFETs) are actively developed for display applications. An OSFET exhibits a lower off-state current than a silicon FET and enables low-frequency driving. We developed the measurement method and revealed the OSFET exhibits an extremely low off-state current [1]. In addition, we discovered a c-axis aligned crystalline indium-gallium-zinc oxide (CAAC-IGZO) which was unique crystal morphology [2]. A display with a backplane formed using CAAC-IGZO FETs achieves low power consumption owing to idling-stop driving that allows an extremely low refresh rate [3]. Please click Download on the upper right corner to see the full abstract

Anti-Tumor Effect against Human Cancer Xenografts by a Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody to a Variant 8-Epitope of CD44R1 Expressed on Cancer Stem Cells

BACKGROUND: CD44 is a major cellular receptor for hyaluronic acids. The stem structure of CD44 encoded by ten normal exons can be enlarged by ten variant exons (v1-v10) by alternative splicing. We have succeeded in preparing MV5 fully human IgM and its class-switched GV5 IgG monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizing the extracellular domain of a CD44R1 isoform that contains the inserted region coded by variant (v8, v9 and v10) exons and is expressed on the surface of various human epithelial cancer cells. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We demonstrated the growth inhibition of human cancer xenografts by a GV5 IgG mAb reshaped from an MV5 IgM. The epitope recognized by MV5 and GV5 was identified to a v8-coding region by the analysis of mAb binding to various recombinant CD44 proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GV5 showed preferential reactivity against various malignant human cells versus normal human cells assessed by flow cytometry and immunohistological analysis. When ME180 human uterine cervix carcinoma cells were subcutaneously inoculated to athymic mice with GV5, significant inhibition of tumor formation was observed. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injections of GV5markedly inhibited the growth of visible established tumors from HSC-3 human larynx carcinoma cells that had been subcutaneously transplanted one week before the first treatment with GV5. From in vitro experiments, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and internalization of CD44R1 seemed to be possible mechanisms for in vivo anti-tumor activity by GV5. CONCLUSIONS: CD44R1 is an excellent molecular target for mAb therapy of cancer, possibly superior to molecules targeted by existing therapeutic mAb, such as Trastuzumab and Cetuximab recognizing human epidermal growth factor receptor family

Prothrombin Complex Concentrate for Rapid Reversal of Warfarin-induced Anticoagulation and Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients Supported by a Left Ventricular Assist Device

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most serious complications in patients supported by a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). We evaluate the efficacy of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for rapid reversal of warfarin-induced anticoagulation in this population. Methods: A total of 38 consecutive ICH events in patients supported by an LVAD between 1996 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Fourteen ICH events were treated with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) (Group FFP) and 24 ICH events were treated with PCC (Group PCC). The efficacy and outcome of PCC administration versus FFP were evaluated. Results: The proportion of patients surviving after an ICH event was significantly smaller in Group FFP than Group PCC (35.7% vs. 75.0%, p < 0.05). None of the patients in Group FFP were able to undergo heart transplantation, whereas 21.4% patients in Group PCC successfully underwent heart transplantation. Conclusion: Patients on LVAD are in need for intensified anticoagulation and are at high risk of ICH; therefore, adequate use of PCC in the event of ICH could be of importance for survival and allow subsequent heart transplantation