リュツォ・ホルム湾，プリンスオラフ海岸，及び，エンダビーランド地質調査隊報告2016-2017（JARE-58）

第58次日本南極地域観測隊（JARE-58）では，2016−2017の夏期期間にリュツォ・ホルム湾，プリンスオラフ海岸，及び，エンダビーランドにおいて地質調査をおこなった．調査隊のメンバーは，日本人地質研究者4名とアジア地域（タイ，インドネシア，モンゴル）の交換科学者3名で構成され，本吉隊長が一部期間の調査に加わった．第58次夏期観測では，「しらせ」搭載の2機の大型ヘリコプター（CH101）とともに観測隊チャーターの小型ヘリコプター（AS350）1機による野外調査の支援がなされた．本稿では，観測計画を実施するための，主に設営面での計画，準備，そして行動経過について報告する．The 58th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-58) conducted geological field surveys in the regions of Lützow-Holm Bay, Prince Olav Coast, and Enderby Land during the 2016−2017 austral summer season. The field party consisted of four Japanese geologists and three Asian geologists (Thai, Indonesian, Mongolian), and was joined periodically by JARE-58 expedition leader, Prof. Motoyoshi. Field parties were supported throughout the summer season by a smaller secondary helicopter (AS350) in addition to two main helicopters (CH101) stationed on the icebreaker Shirase. This report summarizes field preparations and the geological work undertaken, and highlights several key points for future planning and research

The Application of BIM-Enabled Facility Management System in Complex Building

Facility Management (FM) is well known for its interdisciplinary knowledge and along with the growing number of green buildings and low-carbon buildings, the FM system become increasingly complex. Many practitioners consider Building Information Modeling (BIM) as the most important technology to bring about improvements. The purpose of this paper is to develop a BIM-enabled FM system which integrates FM, BIM and building management system to improve information sharing and monitoring, FM system control, and equipment management. A case study is implemented to validate the feasibility of the BIM-enabled FM system. Four functionalities are demonstrated in detail: Equipment Information Monitoring (EIM), Dynamic Data Display and Warning (D3W), Energy-Saving Analysis (ESA), and Intelligent Fire Escape Route (IFER). The results show that BIM-enabled FM system facilitates the FM more accurate, timely, safe and efficient.</p

Effects of Slug shRNA on the protein expression of Slug in HSFBs.

<p>The Slug protein level was significantly decreased in the HSFBs of the Slug shRNA group ( = 0.26, <i>s</i> = 0.05), compared with the normal skin fibroblasts ( = 0.46, <i>s</i> = 0.04), HSFBs transfected with control shRNA ( = 0.86, <i>s</i> = 0.10) and non-transfected HSFBs ( = 0.92, <i>s</i> = 0.04). And the protein expression of Slug in HSFBs transfected with control shRNA was not significantly decreased than that in non-transfected HSFBs. And the Slug protein level was significantly lower in normal skin fibroblast than that in non-transfected HSFBs and HSFBs transfected with control shRNA (A and B). *: <i>P</i><0.01 versus Normal skin fibroblast; ^†: <i>P</i><0.01 versus Control shRNA; ^‡: <i>P</i><0.01 versus HSFBs.</p

mRNA expression of Slug in HS and normal skin tissues.

<p>mRNA expression of Slug was increased in HS ( = 0.76, <i>s</i> = 0.13, <i>n</i> = 4) compared to normal skin ( = 0.38, <i>s</i> = 0.04, <i>n</i> = 5) (A) and (B). Similar to the change of Slug mRNA level, western blot (C) and graphic analysis (D) showed that Slug was significantly increased in HS ( = 0.84, <i>s</i> = 0.22, <i>n</i> = 4) than that in normal skin ( = 0.42, <i>s</i> = 0.18, <i>n</i> = 5). * <i>P</i><0.01.</p

Expression of Slug in HSFBs and normal skin fibroblasts.

<p>Nuclear positive Slug was significantly higher in HSFBs (B,  = 51.73, <i>s</i> = 3.74, <i>n</i> = 38) than that in normal skin fibroblasts (A,  = 22.91, <i>s</i> = 3.33, <i>n</i> = 22). (C) Staining analysis of Slug in HS and normal skin. Scale bar: 20 µm (A and B). * <i>P</i><0.01.</p

Effects of SFRP2 shRNA on the protein expression of SFRP2 and Slug in HSFBs.

<p>The SFRP2 protein level was significantly increased and decreased in the non- transfected HSFBs ( = 1.06, <i>s</i> = 0.15) and the SFRP2 shRNA group ( = 0.14, <i>s</i> = 0.02), respectively, compared with the normal skin fibroblasts ( = 0.36, <i>s</i> = 0.05). And the protein expression of SFRP2 in HSFBs transfected with control shRNA ( = 0.90, <i>s</i> = 0.06) was not significantly decreased than that in non-transfected HSFBs. After the treatments of the shRNAs, the SFRP2 protein level was significantly lower than that in the HSFBs and the HSFBs transfected with control shRNA (A and B). Similar to the effects on the expression of SFRP2, Slug expression was significantly higher in the non- transfected HSFBs and HSFBs transfected with control shRNA than that in normal skin fibroblasts both in mRNA ( = 0.70, <i>s</i> = 0.08;  = 0.63, <i>s</i> = 0.10;  = 0.37, <i>s</i> = 0.05, respectively) and protein levels ( = 0.90, <i>s</i> = 0.04;  = 0.84, <i>s</i> = 0.11;  = 0.43, <i>s</i> = 0.04, respectively). Moreover, both the Slug mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in HSFBs transfected with SFRP2 shRNA ( = 0.20, <i>s</i> = 0.06;  = 0.25, <i>s</i> = 0.05, respectively) compared with the non- transfected HSFBs and HSFBs transfected with control shRNA (B- F). *: <i>P</i><0.01 versus Normal skin fibroblast; ^†: <i>P</i><0.01 versus Control shRNA; ^‡: <i>P</i><0.01 versus HSFBs.</p

Effects of Slug shRNA on the expression of apoptosis-relative genes in HSFBs.

<p>The mRNA expression of Bcl-2 is decreased in HSFBs transfected with Slug shRNA ( = 0.23, <i>s</i> = 0.03) than those in other groups. HSFBs transfected with control shRNA ( = 0.68, <i>s</i> = 0.10) and non-transfected HSFBs ( = 0.70, <i>s</i> = 0.06) expressed the most increased level of Bcl-2 than that in normal skin fibroblasts ( = 0.38, <i>s</i> = 0.05) and HSFBs transfected with Slug shRNA ( = 0.23, <i>s</i> = 0.03) (A and B). Similar with mRNA expression level, the protein expression of Bcl-2 is most decreased in Slug shRNA group ( = 0.24, <i>s</i> = 0.06) and most increased in control shRNA ( = 0.96, <i>s</i> = 0.07) and non-transfected group ( = 0.90, <i>s</i> = 0.15) (C and D). Expression of Bax and PUMA at mRNA and protein level was detected in all groups. The mRNA level of Bax and PUMA was similar among the four groups (A and B). Similarly, western blot (C) and graphic analysis (D) showed that Bax and PUMA were similar in all groups.*: <i>P</i><0.01 versus Normal skin fibroblast; ^†: <i>P</i><0.01 versus Control shRNA; ^‡: <i>P</i><0.01 versus HSFBs.</p

The effects of rOPN on the migration of MSCs.

<p>(A) MSCs were seeded on transwells with the presence of 25nM rOPN on the bottom. (B) After 24 hours, the number of cells present on the bottom side of the transwells’ filter was counted and analyzed. Scale bars indicate 50 μm. *and **<i>p</i> < 0.01(n = 4), determined by a one-way ANOVA.</p

Immunofluorescence analysis of CD44 and E-selectin expressions after injury.

<p>(A) (B)GFP positive cells (green) colocalized with CD44 and E-selectin (red). Nuclear staining with DAPI is blue. (C) (D)Immunofluorescence analysis of CD44 and E-selectin in the wound sites. The CD44 and E-selectin signal are stronger in the wild-type mice. Scale bars indicate 50 μm. * <i>p</i> < 0.01, (n = 5), determined by Student's t-test.</p

Effect of shRNA targeting Slug on the apoptosis and proliferation of HSFBs.

<p>FACS result suggested that the apoptosis percentage was significantly elevated after the treatment of shRNA targeting Slug ( = 29.23, <i>s</i> = 4.72) compared with the non-transfected HSFBs ( = 2.36, <i>s</i> = 0.34) and the control group ( = 4.40, <i>s</i> = 0.50), respectively (A and B). In addition, shRNA targeting Slug markedly enhanced the activity of apoptosis related signal molecule caspase-3 (C), further supporting that Slug suppressed the apoptosis of HSFB, which ultimately resulted in the HS formation.</p