Tracking Cyber Adversaries with Adaptive Indicators of Compromise

A forensics investigation after a breach often uncovers network and host indicators of compromise (IOCs) that can be deployed to sensors to allow early detection of the adversary in the future. Over time, the adversary will change tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), which will also change the data generated. If the IOCs are not kept up-to-date with the adversary's new TTPs, the adversary will no longer be detected once all of the IOCs become invalid. Tracking the Known (TTK) is the problem of keeping IOCs, in this case regular expressions (regexes), up-to-date with a dynamic adversary. Our framework solves the TTK problem in an automated, cyclic fashion to bracket a previously discovered adversary. This tracking is accomplished through a data-driven approach of self-adapting a given model based on its own detection capabilities. In our initial experiments, we found that the true positive rate (TPR) of the adaptive solution degrades much less significantly over time than the naive solution, suggesting that self-updating the model allows the continued detection of positives (i.e., adversaries). The cost for this performance is in the false positive rate (FPR), which increases over time for the adaptive solution, but remains constant for the naive solution. However, the difference in overall detection performance, as measured by the area under the curve (AUC), between the two methods is negligible. This result suggests that self-updating the model over time should be done in practice to continue to detect known, evolving adversaries.Comment: This was presented at the 4th Annual Conf. on Computational Science & Computational Intelligence (CSCI'17) held Dec 14-16, 2017 in Las Vegas, Nevada, US

A Riemann solver at a junction compatible with a homogenization limit

We consider a junction regulated by a traffic lights, with n incoming roads and only one outgoing road. On each road the Phase Transition traffic model, proposed in [6], describes the evolution of car traffic. Such model is an extension of the classic Lighthill-Whitham-Richards one, obtained by assuming that different drivers may have different maximal speed. By sending to infinity the number of cycles of the traffic lights, we obtain a justification of the Riemann solver introduced in [9] and in particular of the rule for determining the maximal speed in the outgoing road.Comment: 19 page

Correlation analysis between erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Bath Indices (BASDI, BASFI and BAS-G).

<p>Correlation analysis between erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Bath Indices (BASDI, BASFI and BAS-G).</p

diet

winter nOften the winter's diet that can be laid in is all too small for the needs of the family; and before the breaking up of the ice once more allows cod-fishing to commence, and the planters to return from Newfoundland, the poor Livyeres are reduced to living on "the landwash."PRINTED ITEM DNE-citW. J. KIRWIN SEP 1970 JH SEP 1970Used I and SupUsed I and Sup4Not usedwinter duck, winter moth, winter fish, winter-house, winter road, winter gull, winter pear, winter cabin, winter house, winter place, winter quarters, winter room, winter rooms, wintershack, winterboy, dieter, winter crew, winter diet, tilteStamped DNE-cit but not found in dictionary. amsll crossed out and small written above i

Six previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ankylosing spondylitis.

a<p>. Chr., Chromosome.</p>b<p>. Reference number (Ref.) is the same as that in the text.</p><p>Six previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ankylosing spondylitis.</p

Difference in disease activity scores in the AS patients stratified by genotypes.

<p>BAS, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis; DAI, Disease Activity Index; FI, Function Index; G, Global. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. The Kruskal-Wallis test is applied to exam the difference in disease activity scores in the AS patients stratified by genotypes.</p>†<p>Adjusted for the effects of age and gender.</p>§<p>Adjusted for the effects of age, gender, and disease duration. Significant (<i>p</i><0.05) values are in bold.</p><p>Difference in disease activity scores in the AS patients stratified by genotypes.</p

Association risk SNPs in previous study and current study.

<p>χ²-test was applied for testing genotype frequencies of SNPs in controls and patients with AS.</p><p>**Significant (p<0.0017) value is in bold.</p>a<p>Allele frequency in case/control.</p>b<p>The OR and <i>P</i>-value were showed for dominant model of SNPs.</p>c<p>HWE were performed by chi-square.</p>7,8,9<p>The reference numbers are as the same as that in the text.</p><p>Association risk SNPs in previous study and current study.</p

Characteristics of the Taiwanese population.

<p>Characteristics of the Taiwanese population.</p

Association Study of Polymorphisms rs4552569 and rs17095830 and the Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis in a Taiwanese Population

<div><p>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammation of the sacroiliac joints, spine and peripheral joints. However, the development of anklosing spondylitis is unclear. Human leukocyte antigens HLA-B27 and ERAP1 have been widely reported to be associated with AS susceptibility. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) showed that two new susceptibility loci between <em>EDIL3</em> and <em>HAPLN1</em> at 5q14.3 (rs4552569) and within <em>ANO6</em> at 12q12 (rs17095830) contribute to the risk of AS in Han Chinese. In this study, we enrolled 475 AS patients and 475 healthy subjects to assess whether these genetic variations contribute to the susceptibility and the severity of AS in the Taiwanese population. The correlation between genetic polymorphisms, AS activity indexes, (namely, BASDAI, BASFI and BAS-G) and AS complications (uveitis and inflammatory bowel disease) were tested using the markers, rs4552569 and rs17095830. Although no association between rs4552569/rs17095830 genetic polymorphisms and AS susceptibility/severity was found, a significant association between rs17095830 and inflammatory bowel disease was observed in a Taiwanese population.</p> </div

Spinal extradural arachnoid cyst.

<p>T1- (a) and T2- (b) weighted sagittal plane images of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan. Subject III-2 of Family 1, 13 years old. There are multiple cysts dorsal to the spinal cord at the thoracolumbar spine.</p