Comparison of the effect of Citrus aurantium and diazepam on preoperative anxiety

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: اضطراب قبل از عمل بعنوان یک شکایت عمده در اکثر بیماران مراجعه کننده برای انجام اعمال جراحی شناخته شده است. با توجه به تاثیر برخی گیاهان دارویی بعنوان ضد اضطراب و آرام بخش این مطالعه با هدف مقایسه تاثیر عرق بهار نارنج و دیازپام بر اضطراب بیماران قبل از عمل جراحی انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی دوسوکور تعداد 60 بیمــار 48-14 ساله مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان آیت اله کاشانی شهرکرد جهت عمل جراحی انتخابی نوع متوسط به صورت در دسترس، انتخاب و بطور تصادفی در دو گروه 30 نفره تقسیم شدند. 2 ساعت قبل از عمل به گروه 1، cc 100 عرق بهار نارنج و به گروه 2 محلول یک قرص mg 5 دیازپام در cc 100 آب بصورت خوراکی داده شد. میزان اضطراب بیماران توسط پرسشنامه اضطراب اسپیل برگر و علایم حیاتی بیماران قبل و دو ساعت پس از دریافت دارو ثبت گردید. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های آماری کای دو، t زوج و t مستقل مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. یافتــه ها: گروه ها از نظر ویژگی های دموگرافیک، نبض و اضطراب قبل از عمل همسان بودند. میزان اضطراب موقعیتی پس از مصرف دارو در هر دو گروه مصرف کننده بهار نارنج (از 18/10±23/24 به 45/11±53/21) و دیازپام (از 11/8±68/27 به 94/7±68/24) کاهش یافت (05/0

Evaluating the Effects of Study Scale on Spatial Patterns of three Range Plant Species Using Quadrate Indices and Point Pattern Analysis in Chaharmahal- Bakhtirai Province Rangelands

This study aimed to investigate the spatial patterns of Acanthophyllum microcephalum Boiss, Nepeta glomerulosa Boiss and Hertia angustifolia and evaluate the effects of study scale on spatial patterns of three range plant species in Ghale-Gharak research-station located in Shahr-e-Kord. 40 points with a distance of five meters from each other were selected for sampling of vegetation along four 50 m transects using a random-systematic approach. The species spatial patterns were measured by 6 different distance-based methods including Hopkines, Johnson-and-Zimer, Eberhardt, Holgate, Hines and T-Square-index. A 100 m2 reference site (10 by 10 m) was selected to record the species co-ordinates and conduct point pattern analysis. The spatial patterns of the species were determined in 3 scales of 10×10, 5×10 and 5×5 meters to highlight the effects of scale on spatial patterns of vegetation. According to the results, H. angustifolia showed randomized spatial patterns due to its seed dispersal ability. N. glomerulosa and A. microcephalum showed a clustered spatial pattern beacuse their seed are in achene form and fall next to these species. All the 3 species had a clustered pattern when the scale of point pattern analysis was decreased. Identifying these plant spatial patterns and their controlling factors) such as seed dispersal mechanisms of the species and sampling scale) are required to select the best sampling strategy in rangeland assessment programs

Comparison of two purified toxic fractions from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion venom

Iranian scorpions belong mainly to the Buthidae and Scorpionidae families, distributed into 16 genera and 25 species. In Iran, similar to other parts of the world, there are a few known species of scorpions responsible for severe envenoming; amongst which Mesobuthus eupeus is the most common. Its venom contains several toxin fractions that may affect the ion channel. In the present study purification, labeling and biological evaluation of M. eupeus venom are described. For separation, soluble venom was loaded on a chromatography column packed with Sephadex G-50 gel. Subsequently, the fractions were collected according to UV absorption at a wavelength of 280 nm. Toxic fraction (F3) was loaded on an anionic ion exchanger resin and then on a cationic resin. Finally, toxic subfractions F3.1.6 and F3.1.9 were labeled with 99mTc and injected into normal mice to distinguish excretion pathway. The venom toxic fraction was successfully obtained in its purified form. Radiolabeling of toxic fractions was performed at high specific activity with radiochemical purity of more than 97 and 95% respectively for F3.1.6 and F3.1.9. Biodistribution studies in normal mice with two toxic fractions usually show rapid clearance of the compounds from blood and tissue except for kidneys. Since tissue distribution studies are very important for clinical purpose, the present findings suggest that 99mTc labeling of venom is a useful tool for in vivo studies and comprises an excellent approach to monitoring the process of biodistribution and kinetics of toxins

Host-guest driven ligand replacement on monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles

ISSN:2040-3364ISSN:2040-337

A review of botany, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Ferulago angulata

Ferulago angulata (Chavil in Persian) is from Umbelliferae family. This article has reviewed the phytochemical, pharmacological and medicinal properties of Ferulago angulata. The information of this review article was gathered from journals and books accessible in databases such as Science Direct, SID, google scholar, Hindawi, PubMed, Scopus and ACS. Chavil possesses phenolic compounds, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids, so it has several activities, for example antioxidant, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antimicrobial, larvicidal and anti-amnesic properties. Traditional applications and valuable components of Chavil in treatment could provide the source as a lead compound to develop plant-derived medications. A review of botany, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Ferulago angulata | Request PDF. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321191877_A_review_of_botany_phytochemical_and_pharmacological_properties_of_Ferulago_angulata

D:Int Agrophysics-3AlizadehAlizadeh.vp

A b s t r a c t. To investigate the effect of amended substrates on cadmium uptake by one-year old poplar rooted cuttings a pot culture was carried out. Pots were filled with three substrates. Four treatments of Cd supply including were organized. The results showed that higher biomass productions in substrates A and B compare to substrate C, led to an increase total Cd uptake two times more than that in substrate C, at 150 mg kg -1 concentration. Meanwhile maximum total uptake occurred in substrate B at 100 mg kg -1 concentration. Using synthetic chelators such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in order to achieve high removal rate led to increased environmental impacts while they are not expected when such environmental friendly approaches are applied. K e y w o r d s: soil, cadmium, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, phytoextraction, substrat