Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor with impacted mandibular canine: a case report

The Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT) is a rare, slow growing, benign, odontogenic epithelial tumor with characteristic clinical and histological features; which usually arise in the second or third decade. It is a tumor composed of odontogenic epithelium in a variety of histoarchitectural patterns which are embedded in a mature connective tissue stroma. It is mostly encountered in young patients with a greater predilection for females. Maxilla is the predilection site of occurrence, most commonly associated with an unerupted maxillary canine. It presents as a symptom-free lesion and is frequently discovered during routine radiographic examination. This case report describes an unusual case of 20 year old male with only a one month history of tumor in the anterior mandible. The tumor was a well circumscribed intraosseous lesion with an embedded tooth. Histological evidence of calcification was present. The present case lends support to the categorization of AOT as a mixed odontogenic tumo

Evaluation of chemiluminescence, toluidine blue and histopathology for detection of high risk oral precancerous lesions: A cross-sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Early detection holds the key to an effective control of cancers in general and of oral cancers in particular. However, screening procedures for oral cancer are not straightforward due to procedural requirements as well as feasibility issues, especially in resource-limited countries.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study to compare the performance of chemiluminescence, toluidine blue and histopathology for detection of high-risk precancerous oral lesions. We evaluated 99 lesions from 55 patients who underwent chemiluminescence and toluidine blue tests along with biopsy and histopathological examination. We studied inter-as well as intra-rater agreement in the histopathological evaluation and then using latent class modeling, we estimated the operating characteristics of these tests in the absence of a reference standard test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was a weak inter-rater agreement (kappa < 0.15) as well as a weak intra-rater reproducibility (Pearson's r = 0.28, intra-class correlation rho = 0.03) in the histopathological evaluation of potentially high-risk precancerous lesions. When compared to histopathology, chemiluminescence and toluidine blue retention had a sensitivity of 1.00 and 0.59, respectively and a specificity of 0.01 and 0.79, respectively. However, latent class analysis indicated a low sensitivity (0.37) and high specificity (0.90) of histopathological evaluation. Toluidine blue had a near perfect high sensitivity and specificity for detection of high-risk lesions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In our study, there was variability in the histopathological evaluation of oral precancerous lesions. Our results indicate that toluidine blue retention test may be better suited than chemiluminescence to detect high-risk oral precancerous lesions in a high-prevalence and low-resource setting like India.</p

Clinical and CT Scan Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joints with Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Temporomandibular joint disorders refer to a complex and poorly understood set of conditions, manifested by pain in the area of jaw and associated muscles and limitations in the ability to make normal movements like mastication, speech and swallowing. Arthritis as it affects other joints also affects temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The present study was undertaken to study the clinical aspects of patents with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis of TMJ supplemented by CT scan of joints to study the radiological changes and to find out if there was any correlation between them

Bilateral Dentigerous Cyst: An Unusual Case Report and Review of Literature

Dentigerous cysts are the most common developmental cysts of the jaws, most frequently associated with impacted mandibular third molar teeth. Bilateral dentigerous cysts are rare and occur typically in association with a developmental syndrome. The reported occurrence of bilateral dentigerous cysts in the absence of a syndrome is rare and, to date, only 17 cases have been described. The following is a report of a case of unusual bilateral nonsyndromic dentigerous cysts associated with developing mandibular second premolars and a review of literature

"Dentigerous Cyst - Report of two unusual cases"

The dentigerous cyst is the second most common type of odontogenic cyst. Dentigerous cyst originates after the crown of tooth has been completely fonned, by accumulation of fluid between reduced enamel epithelium and tooth 1 crown. The cyst is always associated initially with the crown of impacted, embedded or unerupted tooth. The most common sites are mandibular and maxillary third molars and maxillary canine." In this article two cases of dentigerous cysts involving maxilla with unusual presentations are discussed

Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor: Case Reports and Review of Literature

The lesion traditionally known as odontogenic keratocyst has been renamed by WHO in 2005, as "keratocystic" odontogenic tumor as it is more appropriate and reflects its potential for local, destructive behavior. It is a benign intraosseous neoplasm of jaw, which is unusual due to its characteristic histopathological and clinical features, including potentially aggressive behavior, high recurrence rate and association with the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of proper diagnosis of keratocystic odontogenic tumor in order to prevent the recurrence due to improper surgical excision of the lesion

Comparative study of cone-beam computed tomography and multislice computed tomography in the radiographic evaluation of cysts and tumors of the jaws

Aim and Objectives: To assess the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in comparison with multislice-computed tomography (MSCT) in the radiographic evaluation of cysts and tumors of the jaws. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 25 subjects diagnosed histopathologically with cysts or tumors of the jaws. They were subjected to MSCT and CBCT. The image pairs obtained were compared for diagnostic quality and dimensional accuracy. Also radiation monitoring was done with a newly devised calculative method. Statistics: Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out for all the groups in this study. The Kappa coefficient (k) for intraclass agreement was used for evaluating the scorings given by the evaluator for the diagnostic quality of the image. Results: A total of 28 lesions were found in 25 subjects. The diagnostic quality assessment suggested that the appearance of the internal structure and the soft tissue resolution of CBCT were inferior to MSCT. The radiation dosages from CBCT were noticeably less than MSCT. The dimensional accuracy of CBCT images was found to match those of the MSCT images. Conclusion: The results from the present study showed that CBCT could provide an image with MSCT-comparable diagnostic quality and accuracy, with a lesser radiation dose and risk, at a lower cost