The gross view of sciatic nerve regeneration with different nerve grafts.

<p>The change in sciatic nerve regeneration over time (A). The normal sciatic nerve was explored, a 1-cm gap was removed, and the nerve was bridged with different nerve grafts. Examples of regenerated sciatic nerves from plain SF/collagen scaffold, TENC, autograft and control rats (B).</p

Morphology and flow cytometric analysis of ADSCs.

<p>Morphology of ADSCs under phase contrast microscopy (A). Scale bar, 100 μm (A). Flow cytometric analysis of ADSCs (B).</p

CMAP examinations 12 weeks after surgery.

<p>Representative data were recorded on the operated side of animals with plain SF/collagen scaffolds (A), TENCs (B), and autografts (C), and on the contralateral non-operated side (D). Histograms show the CMAP amplitude (E) and the motor nerve conduction velocity (F). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. #p < 0.05 compared with the Scaffold group, and *p < 0.05 compared with the normal side.</p

Morphology of the regenerated myelinated nerve fibers.

<p>Transmission electron micrographs of the regenerated sciatic nerve (A: a1, a2). Micrographs of toluidine blue staining for the regenerated sciatic nerve under a phase contrast microscope (A: a3). The Scaffold group shows small and poorly developed regenerating clusters composed of thin, dispersed myelinated nerve fibers or non-myelinated nerve fibers. For the TENC group, the regenerated myelinated fibers dispersed densely in clusters and were surrounded by a clear, electron-dense myelin sheath and perfect basal membrane of Schwann cells. Scale bar, 2 (a1), 0.5 (a2), and 20 μm (a3). Histograms showing the number of myelin sheath layers (B) and the thickness of the myelin sheaths (C). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 compared with the Scaffold group.</p

Effectiveness of Teriparatide on Fracture Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>Nowadays, the efficacy of teriparatide in treating osteoporosis was widely accepted, but the discussion about using teriparatide to enhance fracture healing hasn’t come to an agreement. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of teriparatide for fracture healing.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase in August 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which concerned the treatment of teriparatide for fracture healing.</p><p>Results</p><p>Finally, a total of 380 patients were randomly assigned in the 5 trials included in this meta-analysis. There was a significant effectiveness with regards to function improvement in patients following fracture, however, there was no significant effectiveness with regards to time of radiographic fracture healing, fracture healing rate and reduction in pain.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This analysis showed that administration of teriparatide following fracture lacked the effectiveness for fracture healing. Moreover, teriparatide administration had no apparent adverse effects. These results should be interpreted with caution because of some clear limitations. If we want to confirm whether teriparatide improves fracture healing, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed.</p></div

Detail of intervention.

<p>Detail of intervention.</p

Forest plot for radiological fracture pain degree.

<p>Forest plot for radiological fracture pain degree.</p

Sensitivity analyses based on various exclusion criteria for functional outcome.

<p>Sensitivity analyses based on various exclusion criteria for functional outcome.</p

Characteristics of included studies.

<p>Characteristics of included studies.</p

Sensitivity analyses based on various exclusion criteria for pain degree.

<p>Sensitivity analyses based on various exclusion criteria for pain degree.</p