Razlike u kemijskom sastavu i antioksidacijskoj sposobnosti različitih genotipova himalajske maslinice (Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.)

Fruit from six genotypes of autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.); Brilliant Rose, Delightful, Jewel, Natural 1, Natural 2 and Sweet N Tart; were evaluated for fruit quality, phenolic content, carotenoids, antioxidants, antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The fruit soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acids (TA), total carotenoids, and total phenolic content varied with genotypes. Soluble solids content (SSC) in six genotypes of autumn olive ranged from 10.6 to 18.4 %, while titratable acids ranged from 0.79 to 1.29 %. Jewel had the highest SSC and Sweet N Tart had the highest TA. Fructose and glucose were the two predominant sugars, and malic acid was the predominant organic acid found in autumn olive fruit. Jewel and Sweet N Tart cultivars had the highest sugar and organic acid content among the six genotypes. Autumn olive had potent free radical scavenging activities for 2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+·), peroxyl radical (ROO·), superoxide radicals (O2–·), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2). Autumn olive also had high activities of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GHS-POD), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (AsA-POD), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR). Among the six genotypes, Brilliant Rose and Jewel had the highest levels of antioxidants and antioxidant enzyme activity.Ocijenjena je kakvoća plodova, udio fenola, karotenoida, antioksidansa, te antioksidativna sposobnost i aktivnost enzima u plodovima šest genotipova himalajske maslinice (Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.); Brilliant Rose, Delightful, Jewel, Natural 1, Natural 2 i Sweet N Tart. Udio topljivih tvari, titracijska kiselost, te udio ukupnih karotenoida i fenola ovisio je o genotipu ploda. Udio topljivih tvari iznosio je od 10,6 do 18,4 %, dok je titracijska kiselost bila od 0,79 do 1,29 %. Najviše topljivih tvari sadržavao je genotip Jewel, a najveću titracijsku kiselost imao je genotip Sweet N Tart. U plodu himalajske maslinice najveći je udio fruktoze i glukoze, dok je jabučna kiselina dominantna organska kiselina. Kultivari Jewel i Sweet N Tart imaju najviše šećera i organskih kiselina. Himalajska maslinica sadrži spojeve koji imaju izrazitu sposobnost uklanjanja slobodnih radikala poput 2,2-di(4-tert-oktilfenil)-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH˙), diamonijeve soli 2,2\u27-azinobis(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonske kiseline) (ABTS˙+), peroksilnog radikala (ROO˙), superoksidnog radikala (O2˙-) i hidroksilnog radikala (˙OH) te singletnog kisika (¹O2). U plodovima himalajske maslinice aktivni su i antioksidativni enzimi, kao što su glutation-peroksidaza, glutation-reduktaza, superoksid-dismutaza, askorbat-peroksidaza, dehidroaskorbat-reduktaza i monodehidroaskorbat-reduktaza. Od šest ispitanih genotipova Brilliant Rose i Jewel imali su najveći udio antioksidansa i najjaču antioksidativnu enzimsku aktivnost

Pregnancy outcome of women in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in Taiwan

[[abstract]]The purpose of the study was to investigate whether proximity to nuclear power plants may increase the risk of abnormal pregnant outcomes among the resident women. In this ecological study, data were used from the Health Services Birth Reports Database established by the Bureau of Health Promotion, National Department of Health, Taiwan, in 2001-2004. Chi-square-tests were carried out to investigate the "Plant-vicinity" and "Non plant-vicinity" group in terms of pregnancy outcome. Additionally, logistic regression was performed to investigate whether residence in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant was related to any abnormal pregnancy results. Based on data from 5,679 included subjects, no difference was observed between pregnancy outcomes of the "Plant-vicinity" and "Non plant-vicinity" groups. After accounting for possible confounders, the adjusted odds ratios were 1.20 (95% CI = 0.56-2.56) for stillbirth, 1.21 (95% CI = 0.95-1.53) for premature birth, 1.04 (95% CI = 0.79-1.37) for low birth weight, and 1.58 (95% CI = 0.85-2.93) for congenital deficiencies, respectively, when comparing the "Plant-vicinity" with the "Non plant-vicinity" group. The results of the study indicate that residence in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant is not a significant factor which will cause abnormal health situations during pregnancy

Razlike u kemijskom sastavu i antioksidacijskoj sposobnosti različitih genotipova himalajske maslinice (Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.)

Fruit from six genotypes of autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.); Brilliant Rose, Delightful, Jewel, Natural 1, Natural 2 and Sweet N Tart; were evaluated for fruit quality, phenolic content, carotenoids, antioxidants, antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The fruit soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acids (TA), total carotenoids, and total phenolic content varied with genotypes. Soluble solids content (SSC) in six genotypes of autumn olive ranged from 10.6 to 18.4 %, while titratable acids ranged from 0.79 to 1.29 %. Jewel had the highest SSC and Sweet N Tart had the highest TA. Fructose and glucose were the two predominant sugars, and malic acid was the predominant organic acid found in autumn olive fruit. Jewel and Sweet N Tart cultivars had the highest sugar and organic acid content among the six genotypes. Autumn olive had potent free radical scavenging activities for 2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+·), peroxyl radical (ROO·), superoxide radicals (O2–·), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2). Autumn olive also had high activities of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GHS-POD), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (AsA-POD), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR). Among the six genotypes, Brilliant Rose and Jewel had the highest levels of antioxidants and antioxidant enzyme activity.Ocijenjena je kakvoća plodova, udio fenola, karotenoida, antioksidansa, te antioksidativna sposobnost i aktivnost enzima u plodovima šest genotipova himalajske maslinice (Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.); Brilliant Rose, Delightful, Jewel, Natural 1, Natural 2 i Sweet N Tart. Udio topljivih tvari, titracijska kiselost, te udio ukupnih karotenoida i fenola ovisio je o genotipu ploda. Udio topljivih tvari iznosio je od 10,6 do 18,4 %, dok je titracijska kiselost bila od 0,79 do 1,29 %. Najviše topljivih tvari sadržavao je genotip Jewel, a najveću titracijsku kiselost imao je genotip Sweet N Tart. U plodu himalajske maslinice najveći je udio fruktoze i glukoze, dok je jabučna kiselina dominantna organska kiselina. Kultivari Jewel i Sweet N Tart imaju najviše šećera i organskih kiselina. Himalajska maslinica sadrži spojeve koji imaju izrazitu sposobnost uklanjanja slobodnih radikala poput 2,2-di(4-tert-oktilfenil)-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH˙), diamonijeve soli 2,2\u27-azinobis(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonske kiseline) (ABTS˙+), peroksilnog radikala (ROO˙), superoksidnog radikala (O2˙-) i hidroksilnog radikala (˙OH) te singletnog kisika (¹O2). U plodovima himalajske maslinice aktivni su i antioksidativni enzimi, kao što su glutation-peroksidaza, glutation-reduktaza, superoksid-dismutaza, askorbat-peroksidaza, dehidroaskorbat-reduktaza i monodehidroaskorbat-reduktaza. Od šest ispitanih genotipova Brilliant Rose i Jewel imali su najveći udio antioksidansa i najjaču antioksidativnu enzimsku aktivnost

Aqueous Extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus Ameliorate Diabetic Nephropathy via Regulating Oxidative Status and Akt/Bad/14-3-3γ in an Experimental Animal Model

Several studies point out that oxidative stress maybe a major culprit in diabetic nephropathy. Aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HSE) has been demonstrated as having beneficial effects on anti-oxidation and lipid-lowering in experimental studies. This study aimed at investigating the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetic rats. Our results show that HSE is capable of reducing lipid peroxidation, increasing catalase and glutathione activities significantly in diabetic kidney, and decreasing the plasma levels of triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) value. In histological examination, HSE improves hyperglycemia-caused osmotic diuresis in renal proximal convoluted tubules (defined as hydropic change) in diabetic rats. The study also reveals that up-regulation of Akt/Bad/14-3-3γ and NF-κB-mediated transcription might be involved. In conclusion, our results show that HSE possesses the potential effects to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy via improving oxidative status and regulating Akt/Bad/14-3-3γ signaling

Changes in strawberry phenolics, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity in response to high oxygen treatments,” LWT—Food

Abstract Changes in fruit quality, decay, phenolic and anthocyanin content, and antioxidant capacity of strawberries (Fragaria  ananassa Duch. cv. Allstar) stored under air and high oxygen atmospheres at 5 1C were investigated. Freshly harvested strawberries were placed in jars and ventilated continuously with air or with 40, 60, 80, or 100 kPa O 2 at 5 1C for up to 14 days. Samples were taken initially, and after 3, 7, 10 and 14 days of storage. While fruit quality parameters such as titratable acidity, total soluble solids and surface color were only slightly affected by differing levels of O 2 , the higher oxygen concentration treatments significantly reduced decay. Oxygen concentrations higher than 60 kPa also promoted increases in ORAC values, total phenolics and total anthocyanins as well as individual phenolic compounds analysed by HPLC during the initial 7 days of storage. However, this effect diminished with prolonged storage. No significant differences in ORAC values, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, or the individual phenolic compounds were observed among the high O 2 and air-stored fruits after 14 days of storage. These results indicate that high oxygen treatments exert the most effects on fruit quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry fruit in the first 7 days of storage