第1107回千葉医学会例会・第8回環境生命医学研究会

<p>Prevalence of severe depressive symptoms with 95% confidence intervals by sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.</p

L'Écho : grand quotidien d'information du Centre Ouest

12 septembre 19141914/09/12 (A43).Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : PoitouCh

Trends in treatment rates of nine selected medical conditions in men from 1996 to 2011.

<p>(a) cerebrovascular diseases (b) joint disorders (c) fractures (d) osteoporosis (e) ischemic heart disease (f) diabetes mellitus (g) hypertension (h) pneumonia (i) malignant neoplasms The treatment rate is calculated as the estimated number of patients divided by the estimated population x 100,000. The black line represents those aged 80–84 years, the blue line represents those aged 75–79 years, the green line represents those aged 70–74 years and the red line represents those aged 65–69 years. The p values signify statistical significance for the trends in each age stratum.</p

The State of Health in Older Adults in Japan: Trends in Disability, Chronic Medical Conditions and Mortality

<div><p>Both life expectancy and healthy life expectancy in Japan have been increasing and are among the highest in the world, but the gap between them has also been widening. To examine the recent trends in old age disability, chronic medical conditions and mortality in Japan, we retrospectively analyzed three nationally representative datasets: Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions (2001–2013), Patient Survey (1996–2011) and Vital Statistics (1995–2010). We obtained the sex- and age-stratified trends in disability rate, treatment rates of nine selected chronic medical conditions (cerebrovascular diseases, joint disorders, fractures, osteoporosis, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, pneumonia and malignant neoplasms), total mortality rate and mortality rates from specific causes (cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases, pneumonia and malignant neoplasms) in both sexes in four age strata (65–69, 70–74, 75–79, 80–84 years). Disability rates declined significantly in both sexes. Treatment rates of all selected medical conditions also decreased significantly, except for fractures in women and pneumonia. Both total mortality rate and cause-specific mortality rates decreased in both sexes. We concluded that the recent decline in disability rates, treatment rates of chronic medical conditions and mortality rates points toward overall improvement in health conditions in adults over the age of 65 years in Japan. Nonetheless, considering the increase in the number of older adults, the absolute number of older adults with disability or chronic medical conditions will continue to increase and challenge medical and long-term care systems.</p></div

Trends in treatment rates of nine selected medical conditions in women from 1996 to 2011.

<p>(a) cerebrovascular diseases (b) joint disorders (c) fractures (d) osteoporosis (e) ischemic heart disease (f) diabetes mellitus (g) hypertension (h) pneumonia (i) malignant neoplasms The treatment rate is calculated as the estimated number of patients divided by the estimated population x 100,000. The black line represents those aged 80–84 years, the blue line represents those aged 75–79 years, the green line represents those aged 70–74 years and the red line represents those aged 65–69 years. The p values signify statistical significance for the trends in each age stratum.</p

Trends in disability rate in men and women from 2001 to 2013.

<p>(a) men. (b) women. The disability rate is the rate of persons certified for long-term care under the Long-Term Care Insurance System per 100,000 population. The black line represents those aged 80–84 years, the blue line represents those aged 75–79 years, the green line represents those aged 70–74 years and the red line represents those aged 65–69 years. The p values signify statistical significance for the trends in each age stratum.</p

Adjusted associations of metabolic syndrome with individual sarcopenia components in all subjects and according to age groups in men and women^*^†.

<p>Abbreviations; CI, confidence interval.</p><p>*All the models were adjusted for age, height, weight, physical activity and food intake.</p>†<p>The young-old group refers to those aged 65 to 74 and the old-old group to those aged 75 or older.</p><p>Adjusted associations of metabolic syndrome with individual sarcopenia components in all subjects and according to age groups in men and women^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112718#nt110" target="_blank">*</a>}^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112718#nt111" target="_blank">†</a>}.</p

Characteristics of all subjects and according to sarcopenia status in men and women.

<p>Mean and standard deviation are shown for continuous variables, and proportions as percent for categorical variables. Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.</p><p>Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; MetS, metabolic syndrome; TG, triglycerides; CAD, coronary artery disease; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; BP, blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose.</p><p>Characteristics of all subjects and according to sarcopenia status in men and women.</p

Metabolic Syndrome, Sarcopenia and Role of Sex and Age: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Kashiwa Cohort Study

<div><p>Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that effects of cardiovascular risk factors may vary depending on sex and age. In this study, we assessed the associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with sarcopenia and its components in older adults, and examined whether the associations vary by sex and age. We also tested if any one of the MetS components could explain the associations. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from the cohort study conducted in Kashiwa city, Chiba, Japan in 2012 which included 1971 functionally-independent, community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 65 years or older (977 men, 994 women). Sarcopenia was defined based on appendicular skeletal muscle mass, grip strength and usual gait speed. MetS was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 14.2% in men and 22.1% in women, while the prevalence of MetS was 43.6% in men and 28.9% in women. After adjustment for potential confounders, MetS was positively associated with sarcopenia in men aged 65 to 74 years (odds ratio 5.5; 95% confidence interval 1.9–15.9) but not in older men or women. Among the sarcopenia components, MetS was associated with lower muscle mass and grip strength, particularly in men aged 65 to 74 years. The associations of MetS with sarcopenia and its components were mainly driven by abdominal obesity regardless of sex or age. In conclusion, MetS is positively associated with sarcopenia in older men. The association is modified by sex and age, but abdominal obesity is the main contributor to the association across sex and age.</p></div

Fully adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of sarcopenia by individual metabolic syndrome components in all subjects and according to age group.

<p>Black bars: all subjects, dark-gray bars: subjects aged 65 to 74 years, light-gray bars: subjects aged 75 years or over. All models are adjusted for age, height, weight, physical activity and food intake. AO, abdominal obesity; TG, elevated triglycerides; HDL, low high density lipoprotein; Glu, elevated fasting plasma glucose; BP, high blood pressure. A) Men. B) Women.</p