自発的ドック受診者群と企業健診受診者群の脳MRIにおけるT2高信号域個数の比較

he purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in T2-elongated spots (T2ES) between self-referred and third party-referred subjects.The brain MRI studies of 814 healthy adults were assessed. The subjects were categorized into two groups. Group A included 312 self-referred subjects ranging in age from 49 to 65 years (mean age, 56.5 years). Group B included 502 third party-referred subjects same ranging in age (mean age, 54.3 years). All subjects were asked to complete an interview sheet dealing with current and past diseases. To compare the two groups, an ‘Age-related Grading System\u27 was created.Grade 4 was defined as including patients who had 10 to 14 more T2ESs than their age minus 49; 20.027771275620f Group B and 13.51111400240f Group A (P<0.05) were classified as Grade 4. Diabetes mellitus was present in 15.016010062550f Group A and 9.615734071165f Group B (P<0.05). Hyperlipidemia was present in 18.015710062563f Group A and 9.015035020146f Group B (P<0.01).Although diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia were more common in Group A, these diseases were considered to be well controlled. It would appear that the patients in Group A were more health conscious than those in Group B

Effects of Src inhibitor on adiponectin-induced changes in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (PBDMs).

<p>PBDMs were preincubated with 10 µM PP1 for 30 min and then incubated with adiponectin for 6 hours (A–D). The mRNA expression levels of COX-2 (A), TIMP-1 (B), IL-6 (C), and VEGF-C (D) were quantified by real-time PCR. Values are normalized to the level of GAPDH mRNA and expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***P<0.001. N.S not significant.</p

Effects of adiponectin on mRNA expression levels of various genes in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (PBDMs).

<p>After incubation for 7 days, mature human PBDMs were incubated for 6 hours with 10 µg/ml of adiponectin protein. The mRNA expression levels of COX-2 (A), TIMP-1 (B), IL-6 (C), and VEGF-C (D) were quantified by real-time PCR. Values are normalized to the level of GAPDH mRNA and expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3). **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.</p

Adiponectin-induced phosphorylation of ERK in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (PBDMs).

<p>PBDMs were incubated for 20 min with 10 µg/ml of adiponectin protein. Cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE followed by western blotting with anti-phosphorylated ERK1/2, and anti-ERK1/2 antibodies (A). PBDMs were preincubated with 10 µM BAY 61-3606 (BAY) for 30 min and then treated for 20 min with 10 µg/ml of adiponectin protein. Cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE followed by western blotting with anti-phosphorylated ERK1/2, and anti-ERK1/2 antibodies (B). Equal protein loading and transfer were confirmed with Ponceau staining.</p

Effects of Syk inhibitors on the adiponectin-induced changes in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (PBDMs).

<p>PBDMs were preincubated with 10 µM BAY 61-3606 (BAY) (A, B, C, D), or 100 µM piceatannol (E, F, G, H) for 30 min followed by treatment with 10 µg/ml of adiponectin for 6 hours. The mRNA expression levels of COX-2 (A, E), TIMP-1 (B, F), IL-6 (C, G), and VEGF-C (D, H) were quantified by real-time PCR. Values are normalized to the level of GAPDH mRNA and expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***P<0.001.</p

Adiponectin Protein Exists in Aortic Endothelial Cells

<div><p>Aims</p><p>Inflammation is closely associated with the development of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. Adiponectin, an adipose-derived secretory protein, possesses an anti-atherosclerotic property. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the presence and significance of adiponectin in vasculature.</p><p>Methods and Results</p><p>Immunofluorescence staining was performed in aorta of wild-type (WT) mice and demonstrated that adiponectin was co-stained with CD31. Thoracic aorta was cut through and then aortic intima was carefully shaved from aorta. Western blotting showed the existence of adiponectin protein in aortic intima, while there was no adiponectin mRNA expression. Adiponectin knockout (Adipo-KO) and WT mice were administered with a low-dose and short-term lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg of LPS for 4 hours). The endothelium vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were highly increased in Adipo-KO mice compared to WT mice after LPS administration.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Adiponectin protein exists in aortic endothelium under steady state and may protect vasculature from the initiation of atherosclerosis.</p></div

Localization of adiponectin in aorta.

<p>A, Dual-immunofluorescence was performed in wild-type (WT) and adiponectin knockout (Adipo-KO) mice as described in Materials and Methods. B, High magnification images of aortic intima using confocal laser microscope were obtained from WT mice. Green, adiponectin; blue, DAPI; red, CD31.</p

Effect of LPS on endothelial adhesion molecules in aortic intima.

<p>Aortic intima of wild-type (WT) or adiponectin knockout (Adipo-KO) mice were removed at 4 hours after LPS administration and were subjected to RT-PCR (A) and western blotting (B). Values are mean ± SEM; n = 6 for each group. * <i>P</i><0.05, compared with the values of WT mice with saline treatment; ‡ <i>P</i><0.05, compared with the values of WT mice with LPS administration group.</p

Existence of adiponectin protein in aortic intima.

<p>Mice were perfused with cold saline to eliminate the contamination of circulating adiponectin. After removing perivascular fat, thoracic aorta was cut through and then intima was carefully shaved from the aorta. A, Western blotting with antibodies against adiponectin, perilipin A, and CD31 in aortic intima. B, Multimeric complexes of adiponectin protein in aortic intima. C, The mRNA level of adiponectin in fat tissue and aortic intima. WT, wild-type mice; KO, adiponectin knockout mice; N.D., not detected.</p

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Within-pair differences of DNA methylation levels between monozygotic twins are different between male and female pairs

Within-pair differences for the methylation levels (WPDMs) of each CpG island. Red circles indicate male pairs, and blue circles indicate female pairs. Within-pair differences in male pairs are greater in most autosomal CpG islands. (TIF 2145 kb