Waveforms of Impulse Voltage and Their Creeping Flashover Voltage Characteristics

Four kinds of impulse voltages（0.1x40），（1x40），（6x40）μs and（3x40）μs having unidirectional oscillations on its wave tail have been applied to two electrodes which were arranged on the surface of glass，vinyland porcelain pipes，and then creeping flashover were produced on the surface between electrodes． Plus flashover voltage is not likely to be affected by the steepness of the wave front，but minus one is higher according to the decrease of steepness of the wave front．Oscillatory voltage （3x40）μs always indicates a highest flashover voltage．From a standpoint of view of space charges between electrodes，these characteristics are discussed．Moreover the relations between the voltage characteristics of Lichtenberg’s and Dust figure，and creeping flashover voltage characteristics are also discribed

ASEAN and the BRI: The Utility of Equidistant Diplomacy with China and the US

The aim of the present study is to shed light on the diplomatic achievements of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), by exploring the way in which it has dealt with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) implemented by China. ASEAN is little more than an association of minor powers with insignificant military and economic capabilities. However, in its dealings with the BRI, it has proactively advanced its own interests by skillfully conducting equidistant diplomacy with China and the US, without becoming too remote from or too close to either one of them, thereby reaping benefits from its favorable relations with each of them

Characteristics of the elderly in high - resolution computed tomography lung densitometry

To determine the characteristics of the elderly in high - resolution computed tomography (HRCT) lung densitometry, mean lung density (MLD) and relative area of the lungs showing attenuation values less than -950 HU (RA(950)) on HRCT were evaluated in nonsmoking control subjects (n = 80) and patients with asthma (n = 80) in relation to their age and pulmonary function. MLD was significantly decreased, and RAW was significantly increased with increasing age in both asthmatics and controls. The MLD values were significantly lower in asthmatics compared with controls in subjects aged between 60 and 69 years and over age 70. RAgsov alues were significantly higher in asthmatics compared with controls in subjects aged between 50 and 59 years, between 60 and 69, and over 70. % FEV(1) and FEV(1) / FVC were significantly decreased in elderly asthmatic patients over 70 years of age compared with the values in those under 49. Percent residual volume (% RV) was significantly larger in patients over 70 years of age than in those between 50 and 59, and under 49 years. RAW was significantly larger in patients with steroid-dependent intractable asthma (SDIA) between 50 and 59 years of age, and between 60 and 69 compared with RA 950 in those without SDIA. However, RAW did not differ significantly between SDIA and non-SDIA in patients over age 70. The results suggested that in % LAA of the lungs on HRCT was significantly increased in the elderly subjects with and without asthma, and it was significantly higher in the elderly asthmatics than the elderly controls.高齢者の病態的特徴を明らかにするために，健常者80例および非喫煙喘息患者80例を対象として，平均肺CT値（MLD）ならびに高分解能CT（HRCT）による－950HU以下の肺low attenuation area（RA950）を評価し，年齢及び肺機能との関連を検討した。　 1．健常者，喘息患者いずれにおいても年齢とともにMLDは有意に減少し，RA(950)は有意に増加した。MLDは，60－69歳と70歳以上の年 齢層において，健常者に比して喘息患者で有意に低値を示した。RA(950)。は，50－59歳・60－69歳・70歳以上の年齢層において，健常者に比して喘息患者で有意に高値を示した。　 2．喘息患者において，1秒量（% FEV(1)）および1秒（FEV(1)/ FVC）は，49歳以下の年齢層に比して70歳以上の年齢層で有意に低値を示した。一方，残気量（% RV）は，50－59歳ならびに49歳以下の年齢層に比して70歳以上の年齢層で有意に高値を示した。 3．50－59歳および60－69歳の年齢層では，RA(950)は，ステロイド依存性重症難治性喘息（SDIA）患者において非SDIA患者に比して有意に高値を示した。しかし，70歳以上の年齢層では両者に有意の差は認められなかった。これらの結果より，HRCT上の肺low attenuation areaは高齢者において有意に増加すること，さらに嘱息患者の方が健常者に比してより高値を示すことが示唆された

5カ国防衛取極(FPDA)とアジア太平洋の海洋安全保障: 防衛装備・技術面での日英協力の視点から

金沢大学大学院人間社会環境研究科査読済論文および正誤

[書評] 小泉悠著『「帝国ロシア」の地政学―「勢力圏」で読むユーラシア戦略』

（本文の出所） 戦略研究学会より許可を得て、出版社原稿を加工したものを登録JSPS科学研究費補助金研究成果の一部, 研究課題名:領土紛争をめぐる排他的ナショナリズムの緩和 (研究課題/領域番号:21K01368

カーター政権とカンボジア国連代表権問題 : 人権外交の限界と新冷戦への道程

取得学位:博士（法学）,授与番号:博士甲第77号,授与年月日:2006年3月25日,授与大学:金沢大学,論文審査委員長:梶川, 伸一, 論文審査委員:　鹿島, 正裕 / アンドリュー, ビートン / 西村, 茂 / 中島, 健

On the Characteristics of Dust Figures.

In the previous report the characteristics of Dust Figures originated from five kinds of impulse voltages having full wave form were investigated and obvious features were recognized between them． In the present paper the same experiment was carried out on Dust Figures of chopped wave form．By chopping the same impulse voltages as before at their crest value figures of wave fronts having three kinds of steepness were obtained．The differences between these figures are discussed and then by comparing these figures to those of full wave forms the influences of the wave tail on figures are studied also． Each positive figure has distinct feature and it is possible to distinguish from others，but negative one is not so. The effects of the wave tail on the figure are as follows： 1， Figures of the wave front are smaller than those of fullwave. 2． Accummulation of electric charges on the figure of the wave front is less than that of fullwave. 3． In the figure of the wave front，development of tree-like figure is not so clear as in the case of fullwave

Airflow, the volume and transfer factor of lungs in elderly asthmatics with long-term cigarette smoking

The influence of cigarette smoke on pulmonary function, airflow, lung volume, and transfer factor in patients with asthma was examined in 40 subjects over the age of 70 years (20 ever-smokers and 20 never-smokers), and 20 patients with pulmonary emphysema over age 70 (all ex-smokers). The ventilatory parameters showing airflow limitation (% FEV(1) and FEV(1)%) were not significantly different between ever-smokers and never-smokers of elderly asthmatics. In contrast, % FEV(1) and FEV(1) % values were significantly lower in patients with pulmonary emphysema than in those with asthma with or without a history of smoking. The % RV value was significantly larger and % DLco value was significantly more decreased in ever-smokers compared with neversmokers of the elderly asthmatics. However, there were no significant differences in % RV and % DLco values between asthmatics with a history of smoking and patients with pulmonary emphysema. The results show that cigarette smoke inflluences % RV and % DLco, but not % FEV(1) and FEV(1) %, suggesting airflow limitation of large and moderate size airways.高齢者気管支喘息40例(20年以上の喫煙者20例,非喫煙者20例)および肺気腫(全症例喫煙者)20例を対象に,長期間喫煙の肺機能,airflow,lung volume およびlung transfer factor,に及ぼす影響について検討した｡まずFVC値は,喘息の喫煙例,非喫煙例,および肺気腫症例の間に有意の差は見られなかった｡% FEV(1)およびFEV(1)/FVC値は,喫煙例,非喫煙例いずれの喘息症例も肺気腫と比 べ有意に高い値を示したが,喘息の喫煙例と非喫煙例の間には有意差は見られなかった｡一方,% RVおよびDLco値は,喘息の非喫煙例に比べ,喫煙例および肺気腫症例で有意に低い値を示した｡ これらの結果は,長期間の喫煙は% FEV(1)やFEV(1)/FVCにはあまり影響しないこと, しかし,% RVや% DLcOにはかなり影響することを示している

’あくび’と胸痛を訴えた気管支喘息の1症例

We present a case of a patient with asthma who developed yawning associated with anterior chest pain. She was admitted due to severe anterior chest pain, wheezing and dyspnea. Although the frequency of the symptoms decreased, she began to experience frequent episodes of yawning at night accompanied by tears. While she experienced yawning, although PEF (peak expiratory flow) decreased, no asthmatic symptoms, such as wheezing or dyspnea were observed. The yawning was improved markedly by bronchodilators and a leukotriene receptor antagonist, and moderately improved by corticosteroids. We speculated that yawning is a clinical manifestation of asthma that responds to treatment.64歳の女性｡1993年2月に高度の前胸部痛,職場,呼吸困難を主訴として入院した｡入院後,前胸部痛,喘鳴,呼吸困難は徐々に軽快傾向であったが,夜間流涙を伴う`あくびが頻回に出現するようになった｡`あくび'が出現する時には,喘息症状(喘鳴,呼吸困難)は伴わないが,ピークフローに低下を認めた｡`あくび'に対する治療としては,気管支拡張剤,ロイコトリエン受容体結抗剤は著効,副腎皮質ステロイド剤は中等度 有効であった｡`あくび'は治療に反応する喘息の-症状であることが示唆された