Numerical predictions of 3D power-supply on chip taking into considerations of proximity effect

3D Power-SoC (Supply on Chip), which can ultimately miniaturize the power supply, is attracted attentions. It integrates Si-LSIs, power devices and passive elements on a single chip. 3D Power-SoC requires frequencies above 30MHz. In addition, it realizes a very high power density, however handling power is small because of miniaturization. Therefore, parallel connection is required to increase the power handing capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the proximity effect of the spiral inductor when the power supplies connected in parallel. In this paper, we report the proximity effect of the inductor through simulations.2021 IEEE International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC 2021), November 15-18, 2021 North Carolina, US

Long Rayleigh length confocal microscope: A fast evaluation tool for obtaining quantum properties of color centers

Color centers in wide band-gap semiconductors, which have superior quantum properties even at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, have been actively applied to quantum sensing devices. Characterization of the quantum properties of the color centers in the semiconductor materials and ensuring that these properties are uniform over a wide area are key issues for developing quantum sensing devices based on color center. In this article, we will describe the principle and performance of a newly developed confocal microscope system with a long Rayleigh length (LRCFM). This system can characterize a wider area faster than the confocal microscope systems commonly used for color center evaluation

Diamond quantum magnetometer with dc sensitivity of < 10 pT Hz−1/2^{-1/2} toward measurement of biomagnetic field

We present a sensitive diamond quantum sensor with a magnetic field sensitivity of $9.4 \pm 0.1~\mathrm{pT/\sqrt{Hz}}$ in a near-dc frequency range of 5 to 100~Hz. This sensor is based on the continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance of an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers along the [111] direction in a diamond (111) single crystal. The long $T_{2}^{\ast} \sim 2~\mathrm{\mu s}$ in our diamond and the reduced intensity noise in laser-induced fluorescence result in remarkable sensitivity among diamond quantum sensors. Based on an Allan deviation analysis, we demonstrate that a sub-picotesla field of 0.3~pT is detectable by interrogating the magnetic field for a few thousand seconds. The sensor head is compatible with various practical applications and allows a minimum measurement distance of about 1~mm from the sensing region. The proposed sensor facilitates the practical application of diamond quantum sensors.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

弛みをきたしたスレッド型臼蓋コンポーネント周囲の骨組織および膜様組織に対する生化学的,免疫組織化学的,酵素組織化学的検討

1983年から1984年にかけて,著者らは変形性股関節症83関節に対しスレッド型臼蓋コンポーネントを用いた人工股関節置換術を施行したが,そのうちの49関節の臼蓋コンポーネントが術後10年以内に弛みをきたした.早期の弛みの発生機序を調べる目的で,再置換術を行った10症例10関節の臼蓋コンポーネント周囲の骨と介在膜様組織を一塊として摘出し,固定,脱灰後,ヘマトキシリン・エオジン(H-E)染色,酒石酸抵抗性酸フォスファターゼ(TRAP)染色,インターロイキン1β(IL-1β),インターロイキン6(IL-6)に対する免疫染色を行った.また,標本採取部近傍より膜様組織を別に採取し,組織培養を行い培養上訪中のIL-1β,IL-6をELISA法で測定した.H-E染色では,全症例の膜様組織にポリエチレン,金属摩耗粉を貪食した多数のマクロファージを認めた.TRAP染色では,全例にTRAP陽性の破骨細胞がみられた.免疫染色では,IL-1βは10例中1例の膜様組織中のマクロファージが陽性を示したのみだった.IL-6陽性細胞は8別に認め,これらは膜様組織のマクロファージ,異物巨細胞,線維芽細胞,滑膜様細胞さらに骨組織の破骨細胞であった.培養上清中のIL-1βは10例中4例に検出されたのみで,最高値は139 pg/mlだった.IL-6は全症例に検出され,815pg/ml～170ng/mlと高濃度であった.以上より,臼蓋コンポーネント周囲の骨吸収は,摩耗粉を貪食したマクロファージ等により産生された高濃度のIL-6を介する破骨細胞性骨吸収の促進によると考えられる.さらにスレッド型臼蓋コンポーネントは表面平滑であり,セメント使用やポーラス・コーティング等表面加工を施した器種に比べ,摩耗粉が関節液とともにコンポーネントと骨の界面に侵入し易いと推測される.スレッド型臼蓋コンポーネントの早期の弛みの原因として機械的因子に比し,生物学的因子が優位であることが示唆された.Between February 1983 and November 1984, 83 primary total hip arthroplasties were performed, using threaded cups, in patients who had osteoarthrosis. Forty-nine cups showed radiographic loosening within 10 years. To investigate the mechanism of early aseptic loosening, the interface bone and membrane were retrieved from 10 consecutive patients at revision surgery. Numerous macrophages phagocytizing wear particles were observed in every membrane. Enzyme histochemical staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase detected osteoclasts in osteolytic lesions from all of the samples. Immunohistochemical staining of the membranes detected interleukin-1β-positive cells in only one sample, whereas interleukin-6-positive cells (including macrophages, foreign body giant cells, fibroblasts, synovial-like cells, and osteoclast-like cells) were identified in 8 samples. The level of interleukin-6 in membrane culture medium was much higher than that of interleukin-1β in all patients. These data suggest that interleukin-6 released by macrophages may stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption around loose threaded acetabular components. Thus, the mechanism of early failure may be biological. In smooth-surfaced cups, wear debris can migrate along the implant-bone interface more easily and the macrophage response occurs earlier when compared with cemented or poroussurfaced cups

田川法による亜脱臼性股関節症に対する寛骨臼回転骨切り術

Rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) is a procedure that corrects dysplastic acetabulum by circumacetabular osteotomy, obtaining a more anatomical relationship between the femoral head and acetabulum. RAO was performed on 531 patients (626 hips) between February 1980 and August 1997. One hundred and twelve patients (134 hips) were followed over 10 years to form the basis of this study. Postoperatively, the total Japan Orthopedic Association score (JOA score), center-edge, and oblique angle improved in all cases. RAO is a technique that can be indicate for pre, early, and even for some advanced stage coxarthrosis patients for long term excellent results and also for some advanced patients to temporize in anticipation of total hip arthroplasty