Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Solvent Extracts of Tagetes erectus Linn (Asteraceae

Purpose: Traditionally, the leaves of Tagetes erectus L. are used in India for the alleviation of pain and inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatoryactivities of this plant material in an animal model.Methods: The chloroform, methanol and ether extracts of the leaves of Tagetes erectus L. (family: Asteraceae) were tested against acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and carrageenan-induced pawoedema in rats in order to assess their antinoceciptive and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively. The doses administered intraperitoneally (I.P.) ranged from 100 to 400 mg/kg body weight, andacetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and phenylbutazone were the reference standards for the antinoceciptive and anti-inflammatory tests, respectively.Results: The extracts showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties at doses between 200-400 mg/kg. They inhibited significantly (P < 0.005), in a dose-dependant manner, induced writhingreflexes in mice. The antinoceciptive effect was comparable to that of ASA which served as the reference standard. Similarly, the extracts significantly (

Controllable Synthesis of Single-Crystalline CdO and Cd(OH)2Nanowires by a Simple Hydrothermal Approach

Single-crystalline Cd(OH)2 or CdO nanowires can be selectively synthesized at 150 °C by a simple hydrothermal method using aqueous Cd(NO3)2 as precursor. The method is biosafe, and compared to the conventional oil-water surfactant approach, more environmental-benign. As revealed by the XRD results, CdO or Cd(OH)2 nanowires can be generated in high purity by varying the time of synthesis. The results of FESEM and HRTEM analysis show that the CdO nanowires are formed in bundles. Over the CdO-nanowire bundles, photoluminescence at ~517 nm attributable to near band-edge emission of CdO was recorded. Based on the experimental results, a possible growth mechanism of the products is proposed

Mechanism of endothelial progenitor cell recruitment into neo-vessels in adjacent non-tumor tissues in hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract Background We investigated the distribution and clinical significance of mobilized endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that many more EPCs were recruited to nonmalignant liver tissue (especially into adjacent non-tumor tissues (AT)) than to tumor vessels. These results suggest that the mechanism underlying the recruitment of EPCs into microvessels in AT merits further investigation Methods Angiogenic factors were detected in three tissue microarrays comprising normal liver, paired tumor tissue (TT) and AT from 105 patients (who had undergone hepatectomy for HCC) using immunohistochemistry. Also, the number of EPCs (positive for Sca-1, Flk-1 and c-Kit) in the blood and liver of cirrhotic mice were determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The distribution of these labeled EPCs in tumor and non-tumor tissues was then studied. Results The results from the tissue microarrays showed that the expression levels of VEGF-A, bFGF, TGF-β, MCP-1, TSP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and endostatin were significantly higher in AT than in either normal liver or TT (p Conclusions Both liver cirrhosis and HCC led to increased expression of pro-angiogenic factors, which resulted in the recruitment of EPCs into AT. Also, EPCs were mobilized, recruited and homed to cirrhotic liver. The unique pathology of HCC coupled with liver cirrhosis may, therefore, be associated with the distribution and function of EPCs.</p

Ruthenium oxide-carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites and their supercapacitor applications.

In this review article, we have presented for the first time the new applications of supercapacitor technologies and working principles of the family of RuO2-carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites. Our review focuses on pseudocapacitors and symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors. Over the last years, the supercapacitors as a new technology in energy storage systems have attracted more and more attention. They have some unique characteristics such as fast charge/discharge capability, high energy and power densities, and long stability. However, the need for economic, compatible, and easy synthesis materials for supercapacitors have led to the development of RuO2-carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites with RuO2. Therefore, the aim of this manuscript was to review RuO2-carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites with RuO2 over the last 17 years

Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Solvent Extracts of Tagetes erectus Linn (Asteraceae

Purpose: Traditionally, the leaves of Tagetes erectus L. are used in India for the alleviation of pain and inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatoryactivities of this plant material in an animal model.Methods: The chloroform, methanol and ether extracts of the leaves of Tagetes erectus L. (family: Asteraceae) were tested against acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and carrageenan-induced pawoedema in rats in order to assess their antinoceciptive and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively. The doses administered intraperitoneally (I.P.) ranged from 100 to 400 mg/kg body weight, andacetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and phenylbutazone were the reference standards for the antinoceciptive and anti-inflammatory tests, respectively.Results: The extracts showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties at doses between 200-400 mg/kg. They inhibited significantly (P < 0.005), in a dose-dependant manner, induced writhingreflexes in mice. The antinoceciptive effect was comparable to that of ASA which served as the reference standard. Similarly, the extracts significantly (

Growth of textured nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite thin films by pulsed laser deposition

Cobalt ferrite thin films have been deposited on fused quartz substrates by pulsed laser deposition at various substrate temperatures, T-S (25 degrees C, 300 degrees C, 550 degrees C and 750 degrees C). Single phase, nanocrystalline, spinel cobalt ferrite formation is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for T-S >= 300 degrees C. Conventional XRD studies reveal strong (111) texturing in the as deposited films with T-S >= 550 degrees C. Bulk texture measurements using X-ray orientation distribution function confirmed (111) preferred orientation in the films with T-S >= 550 degrees C. Grain size (13-16 nm for T-S >= 300 degrees C) estimation using grazing incidence X-ray line broadening analysis shows insignificant grain growth with increasing T-S, which is in good agreement with grain size data obtained from transmission electron microscopy

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Not AvailableBacterial blight is a widespread disease in pomegranate that causes great loss to farmers. The causative agent for this disease is Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae. The present study was taken up to standardize protocol for quality total RNA extraction from various tissues of pomegranate, cDNA synthesis and qPCR validation of differentially expressed gene(s) identified from RNA sequencing data of susceptible and moderately resistant pomegranate genotypes upon challenge inoculation using qPCR. In the study, Phenol-Chloroform, Modified CTAB-LiCl and Trizol methods were evaluated for their efficiency to extract quality total RNA from infected and uninfected leaf and fruit tissues of pomegranate genotypes (Bhagwa and IC-1181). The concentration of extracted total RNA were quantified using Qubit Fluorometer and Qiagen QIAxpert and the quality of 18 and 28S bands of ribosomal RNA also assessed on agarose gel electrophoresis. Phenol-Chloroform method gave the highest concentration of total RNA having Qubit Fluorometer and QIAxpert readings ranged from 3.86 to 5.78 ng/μl and 543.5 to 1684.3 ng/μl, respectively. The time consumed and cost incurred on total RNA isolation were also least in Phenol-Chloroform method (50 minutes and Rs. 29.75/sample, respectively) as compared to other methods. From the high quantity total RNA, cDNA were synthesized using cDNA synthesis kit (HiMedia cDNA synthesis kit) and Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase coding gene was validated using qPCR. The qRT-PCR results showed that gene which code for Xyloglucan endo transglycosylase was slightly over expressed in the infected leaf samples of Bhagwa at infection stage 1 and 3 as compared with the control sample whereas the same gene had under expression in infected leaf sample of IC 1181 as compared to control.Not Availabl