Impact of chlorogenic acids from coffee on urine metabolome in healthy human subjects

Several studies suggest that coffee has some benefits for health; however, little is known about the specific role of the main polyphenol compounds of coffee, chlorogenic acids (CGAs), without caffeine interaction. A 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR)-based metabolomics approach was used to assess the effect of CGAs from coffee on the human urine metabolome. Ten male volunteers participated in a dietary crossover randomized intervention study with a rich CGAs coffee extract beverage (CEB: 223 mg/100 ml of CGAs). The study consisted of a daily intake of CEB or a control beverage with equal caffeine dose during 28 days. Fasting urines collected at the first and last days of each period of the study were analyzed using an CGAs untargeted 1H-NMR approach. Additionally, 4-hour postpandrial urines after the first intake of each beverage were also analyzed. Uni- and multi-variate statistic approaches were used to strengthen the results. Multilevel partial least squares discriminant analysis (ML-PLS-DA) was used to paired comparisons across the crossover design. A further univariate analysis model for crossover studies was performed to assess the significant changes. Acute consumption of CEB resulted in high excretion of 2-furoylglycine, likewise endogenous compounds such as succinic, citric, 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric and isobutyric acids. Sustained consumption of CEB showed an increase of microbiota-derived compounds such as hippuric, 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic and 3-hydroxyhippuric acids in urine. Moreover, trigonelline was found in urine after both acute and sustained intakes, as well as in the composition of the beverage exhibiting a direct excretion of this biomarker without any biotransformation, suggesting a non-interindividual variation

Metabolic signature of a functional high-catechin tea after acute and sustained consumption in healthy volunteers through 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of urine.

Functional tea beverages have emerged as a novel approach to achieving health benefits associated with tea. The use of metabolomics may improve the evaluation of their consumption and their effects. The current study aimed to explore the urinary signature of the exposure to a functional high-catechin tea (HCT) using untargeted NMR-based metabolomics. Ten volunteers participated in a crossover intervention study. Individuals consumed an HCT or a control beverage over a period of 28 days. Multilevel partial least squares discriminant analysis (ML-PLS-DA) was used for paired comparisons. A further crossover model was performed to assess the significant changes. The consumption of the HCT resulted in the excretion of theanine, epicatechin, pyrogallol sulfate, higher levels of 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate and succinate, as well as unknown compounds. In conclusion, the present work established novel urinary signatures of a functional drink. Such signatures may be potential biomarkers and/or reflect certain benefits of functional tea beverages

ラット ケッチョウ ネンエキ ブンピ ニ カンスル セイリガクテキ ケンキュウ

京都大学0048新制・論文博士博士(農学)乙第11756号論農博第2580号新制||農||921(附属図書館)学位論文||H17||N4099(農学部図書室)23771UT51-2006-B161(主査)教授 江﨑 信芳, 教授 清水 昌, 教授 植田 和光学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

Rice bran triterpenoids improve postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy male adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Background: Compared to white rice, brown rice induces a lower glycemic response in healthy and diabetic humans. This effect is partly attributed to the higher amounts of water- or oil-soluble bran components and dietary fiber in brown rice. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation with oil-soluble rice bran triterpenoids (RBTs; triterpene alcohol and sterol prepared from rice bran) might reduce the incidence of postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy humans. Objective: We examined the acute effects of a single RBT-supplemented meal on the postprandial blood glucose responses of healthy male adults in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Design: Nineteen subjects consumed a test meal containing either placebo- or RBT-supplemented olive oil. Blood biomarkers were evaluated in a fasting state and up to 240 min postprandially. Results: Compared to the placebo-supplemented meal, the RBT-supplemented meal significantly suppressed the increase in postprandial blood glucose level. A subclass analysis revealed that RBT-supplemented oil significantly reduced blood glucose increases in subjects with higher postprandial blood glucose elevations. Postprandial increases in blood insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that RBT consumption improves postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy humans, especially those with higher postprandial glucose increases

Combined Supplementation of Pre-Exercise Carbohydrate, Alanine, and Proline and Continuous Intake of Green Tea Catechins Effectively Boost Endurance Performance in Mice

Continuous intake of green tea catechins (GTC) increases fatty acid utilization as an energy source and improves endurance capacity. Conversely, the single pre-exercise intake of maltodextrin (MD) as a carbohydrate source and the gluconeogenic amino acids alanine (Ala) and proline (Pro) effectively maintain blood glucose levels and increase endurance performance. In this study, we investigated the synergistic combinational effect of these interventions on endurance performance in mice. Male BALB/c mice were fed a 0.5% GTC diet or Control diet for 8 weeks. Maximum running time was measured every 2 weeks. MD (2 g/kg body weight (B.W.)), MD (1 g/kg B.W.) + AlaPro (9:1, 1 g/kg B.W.), and vehicle were orally administrated 60 mins before measurements in each diet group. The GTC + MD + AlaPro group showed significantly higher endurance performance than the Control-Vehicle group at all measurements. Indirect calorimetry analysis during running exercise at 4 weeks in the Control and GTC groups supplemented with pre-exercise MD + AlaPro administration revealed significantly higher fat oxidation in the GTC groups compared to the Control group. The combined increase in fatty acid utilization through continuous GTC intake and pre-exercise MD + AlaPro carbohydrate energy supplementation synergistically improves endurance capacity